Lesson 1B (Part 1) Flashcards
How many systems are there in the body?
11
What are the systems in the body? (11)
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Circulatory
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Excretory/Urinary
- Reproductive
- Endocrine
- Lymphatic
- Integumentary
What does the skeletal system provide? (4)
- Shape
- Protection for organs
- Support
- Movement
What makes up the skeletal system?
Bones
What does the skeletal system help to do? (2)
- Produce blood cells
2. Store minerals
Axial (2)
- Spine
2. Thorax
Appendicular
Extremities
What does the muscular system help with?
Movement
What makes up the muscular system?
Muscles
What are the 3 types of muscles?
- Skeletal muscles
- voluntary - Smooth muscles
- non voluntary - Cardiac muscles
- non voluntary
What are 2 examples of smooth muscles?
- Lining of the digestive track
2. Lungs
What does the nervous system do?
It is the communication network
- sends electrical signals
What makes up the nervous systems? (3)
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves
How does the nerve path work? (3)
- Needs a sensory input
- stimulus - Integrates the information
- Motor response/output
- activate/effector organ
What are the 2 nervous systems?
- Central
- brain and spinal - Peripheral
- everything else
What does the circulatory system do?
It carries oxygen, nutrients and CO2 around the body
- acts as a highway
What is the circulatory made up of? (5)
- Heart
- Arteries
- Veins
- Capillaries
- Blood
What does the respiratory system do?
Exchanges gases
- CO2 and O2
- takes in O2 and gets rid of CO2
What makes up the respiratory system? (8)
- Lungs
- Nose
- Trachea
- Alveoli
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Bronchi/bronchioles
What does the digestive system do? (2)
- Absorbs nutrients
- Excretion
- gets rid of things no longer needed
What makes up the digestive system? (5)
- Pancreas
- Stomach
- Liver
- Mouth
- Gall bladder
What does the urinary system do? (2)
- Excretes waste
2. Maintains pH balance, volume and regulates blood pressure for homeostasis
What makes up the urinary system? (4)
- Kidneys
- Bladder
- Urethra
- Ureters
What does the reproductive system do? (2)
- Females release eggs, carry them and get fertilized
2. Males produce sperm in order to fertilize
What makes up the reproductive system? (8)
- Ovaries
- Testis
- Fallopian tubes
- Vas deferens
- Prostate
- Scrotum
- Vagina
- Penis
What does the endocrine system do?
Controls functions of the body through hormones
What makes up the endocrine system? (9)
- Pancreas
- Thyroid
- Pituitary gland
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal glands
- Ovaries
- Testis
- Pineal gland
- Hypothalamus
What are hormones?
They are chemical messages that tell you body to do something
Where does the endocrine gland release hormones/fluids?
Directly into the blood
Where do exocrine glands secrete hormones/fluids? (3)
- Tears
- Salivary glands
- Sweat glands
What does the lymphatic system do?
Acts as an immune protector
- first line of defence
- white blood cells
What makes up the lymphatic system? (8)
- Lymph nodes
- Tonsils
- Spleen
- Thymus
- Appendix
- Adenoids
- Lymph fluid
- Lymph vessels
What does the integumentary system do? (3)
- Serves as protection
- eg) eyelashes keep out dirt - First line of defence against bacteria
- Assists in maintaining homeostasis
- regulates body temp and water balance
What makes up the integumentary system? (4)
- Skin
- Hair
- Nails
- Exocrine glands
