finals

Question 1

mutualism

Answer 1

all species benefit

Question 2

commensalism

Answer 2

one benefits while the other is neutral

Question 3

competition

Answer 3

both experience negative results

Question 4

amensalism

Answer 4

one gets negative result the other is neutral

Question 5

predation

Answer 5

one is positive and the other is negative

Question 6

parasitism

Answer 6

one positive one negative

Question 7

parasatoidism

Answer 7

wasps laying eggs inside of an individual

Question 8

dN1/dt = r1N1 (1-N1/K1)

Answer 8

logistic growth

Question 9

Why won’t some species interactions affect all members of a population?

Answer 9

some might be a better fit for the enviro

Question 10

What is coevolution

Answer 10

process in which two species undergo reciprocal evolutionary change thru natl selection

Question 11

what is competition

Answer 11

interactions that negatively affect both species involved, can lead to divergence of phenotypic characteristics

Question 12

diffuse coevolution

Answer 12

a network of species undergoes reciprocal evolution change

Question 13

ecological niche

Answer 13

range of required resources and physical/chemical conditions

Question 14

what is a fundamental niche

Answer 14

Fundamental niches represent all the environmental conditions where a species is able to live

Question 15

what is a realized niche

Answer 15

where the individual actually lives

Question 16

for lotka volt era model, as n2 increases or alpha increases what happens?

Answer 16

reduction of growth rate of species 1

Question 17

competitive exclusion principle

Answer 17

states that “complete competitors cannot coexist

Question 18

what are complete competitors

Answer 18

two species that live in the same place and have exactly the same ecological requirements

Question 19

How can non resource factors influence the outcome of competition

Answer 19

brook trout most abundant at high elev, brown trout most abundant at middle elev, creek chub most abundant at lower

Question 20

competitive superiority

Answer 20

consumed the highest number of food items

Question 21

zonation

Answer 21

the distribution of plants or animals into specific zones according to such parameters as altitude or depth, each characterized by its dominant species.

Question 22

what is predation

Answer 22

consumption of one living organism by another

Question 23

true predator

Answer 23

kills its prey more or less immediately after capture

Question 24

cryptic coloration

Answer 24

blend into the background of their environment

Question 25

mimicry

Answer 25

the close external resemblance of an animal or plant (or part of one) to another animal, plant, or inanimate object.

Question 26

chemical defenses

Answer 26

ant stings, foul smelling secretions

Question 27

warning colorations (aposematism)

Answer 27

used by animals that are toxic or have chemical defenses, not all brightly colored animals are toxic

Question 28

Bayesian mimicry

Answer 28

mimicking a toxic species

Question 29

mullerian mimicry

Answer 29

unpalatable venemous or toxic species share a similar color pattern

Question 30

behavioral defenses

Answer 30

prey use to avoid detection, to flee, to warn others

Question 31

examples of behavioral defenses

Answer 31

change foraging behavior when predator is present, alarm call when predator is seen

Question 32

defense - predator satiation

Answer 32

prey are so abundant that the predator can only consume a fraction of them (cicadas)

Question 33

constitutive defenses

Answer 33

permanent features of defense (coloration, mimicry, warning coloration, protective armor)

Question 34

induced defenses

Answer 34

induced by the presence or action of predators (behavioral defenses, chemical defense that elicit flight response)