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bio > DAT Biological Diversity pt 1 Cheat Sheet > Flashcards

DAT Biological Diversity pt 1 Cheat Sheet Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The classification of
an organism can be
broken down into
different categories…

A

taxa

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2
Q

most general at top,
most specific at
bottom

A

taxonomic rank

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3
Q

overall taxonomic rank

A

domain->kingdom->phylum->class->order->family->genus->species

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4
Q
  • Need O2 to survive
A

obligate aerobes

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5
Q

Cannot survive in presence of O2

A

obligate anaerobes

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6
Q

Grows in presence of O2, but can
utilize anaerobic metabolism when O2
is absent

A

Facultative Anaerobe

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7
Q

Majority of mammalian
microorganisms found inside of
mammals are….

A

Facultative Anaerobe

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8
Q

(collection of microorganisms like bacteria and fungi in/on our bodies

A

microbiome

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9
Q

Make up the microbiome

A

microbes

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10
Q

help synthesize vitamins and enhance metabolism

A

good bacteria

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11
Q

can lead to infections such as gonorrhea, tuberculosis, leprosy, and pneumonia

A

bad bacteria

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12
Q

Extended use of antibiotics can result in…

A

vitamin deficiency due to depletion of the vitamin-metabolizing bacteria

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13
Q

Stain purple

A

gram posiitve

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14
Q

Stain pink

A

gram neg

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15
Q

Thick peptidoglycan layer in cell wall

A

gram posiitve

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16
Q

Thin peptidoglycan layer in cell wall

A

gram neg

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17
Q

No outer membrane

A

gram pos

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18
Q

Contains an outer membrane

A

gram neg

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19
Q

Does not produce endotoxins

A

gram pos

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20
Q

Produces endotoxins when broken down

A

gram neg

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21
Q

increase cell wall flexibility in gram positive

A

Teichoic acids

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22
Q

durable structures that help bacterium survive in extreme environmental conditions

A

endospores

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23
Q

are endospores produced by some or all of bacteria

A

some

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24
Q

first types of living organisms to appear

A

Anaerobic prokaryotes

25
Q

Consumers of organic substances/food
produced from autotrophs

A

heterotrophs

26
Q

Use organic compounds as source of energy

A

chemoheterotrophs

27
Q

Obtain carbon for metabolism through
consuming organic materials

A

chemoheterotrophs

28
Q

Use light for energy

A

photoheterotrophs

29
Q

Obtain carbon for metabolism through
consuming organic materials

A

photohterotrophs

30
Q

Consume the remains of organisms & non –
living organic material

A

decomposers

31
Q

Producers of organic substances/food

A

autotrophs

32
Q

Earliest autotrophic cells were

A

anaerobic but
capable of photosynthesis

33
Q

example of earliest autotrophic cells

A

cyanobacteria

34
Q

Use inorganic chemicals (H2S, NH3) in reactions
for energy

A

chemoautotrophs

35
Q

Convert chemicals into biomass

A

chemoautotrophs

36
Q

Use light for energy

A

photoautotrophs

37
Q

Bacteria found at the top of a pond is an example of what

A

photoautotroph

38
Q

archaea are what kind of cells

A

prokaryotes

39
Q

Single, short, and circular DNA is what 2 domains

A

archaea and bacteria

40
Q

DNA in nucleoid region is what two domains

A

archaea and bacteria

41
Q

May contain extrachromosomal DNA
(plasmids) is what two domains

A

archaea and bacteria

42
Q

transcription location of eukarea

A

nucleous

43
Q

transcription location for archaea and bacteria

A

cytoplasm

44
Q

translation location for eukarya, archaea and bacteria

A

cytoplasm

45
Q

do eukaryotic have histones

A

yes

46
Q

do archaea have histones

A

yes

47
Q

do bacteria have histones

A

no

48
Q

do eukarya have introns

A

yes

49
Q

does archaea have introns

A

yes

50
Q

does bacteria have introns

A

no

51
Q

cell wall composition of plant

A

cellulose

52
Q

cell wall comp of fungi

A

chitinc

53
Q

cell wall comp of archaea

A

Pseudomurein

54
Q

cell wall comp of bacteria

A

peptidoglycan

55
Q

does eukarya have organelles

A

yes

56
Q

does archaea have organelles

A

no

57
Q

does bacteria have organelles

A

no

58
Q

are ribosomes found in all 3 cell types

A

yes

bio (49 decks)

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