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bio > DAT Skeletal System Cheat Sheet > Flashcards

DAT Skeletal System Cheat Sheet Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

internal skeleton under soft tissue

A

endoskeleton

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2
Q

2 major components of endoskeleton

A

bone and cartilege

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3
Q

An avascular, soft & flexible connective tissue.

A

cartilege

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4
Q

is cartilage vascular or avascular

A

avascular

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5
Q

A hard, strong, lightweight living connective tissue.

A

bone

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6
Q

Supports soft tissue,

A

bone

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7
Q

protects internal organs,

A

bone

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8
Q

assists in locomotion,

A

bone

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9
Q

what stores minerals

A

bone

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10
Q

produces blood cells & stores energy in the form of adipose cells

A

boen

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11
Q

what cells stores energy in bone

A

adipose cells

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12
Q

where are adipose cells located

A

bone marrow

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13
Q

If stress is put on a bone, osteoblasts deposit…

A

collagen, calcium, and phosphate to
strengthen the bone

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14
Q

what mineral is made as a result of stress on the bone

A

hydroxyapatite

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15
Q

Cells part of the mesenchymal stem
cell lineage that differentiate into
osteoblasts.

A

Osteoprogenitor/osteogenic

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16
Q

bone cell incapable of mitosis

A

osteoctes

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17
Q

Exchange nutrients & waste material with
blood,

A

osteocytes

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18
Q

help regulate bone mass

A

osteocytes

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19
Q

Secrete collagen & form organic
compounds for bone formation

A

osteoblasts

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20
Q

Differentiate into osteocytes &
incapable of mitosis.

A

osteoblasts

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21
Q

Resorb (break down) bone matrix &
release minerals (e.g. Ca2+) into blood

A

osteoclasts

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22
Q

Multi-nucleated cells derived from
monocytes.

A

osteoclasts

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23
Q

Basic framework of skeleton that includes the
skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

A

axial skeleton

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24
Q

Bones of appendages, pectoral & pelvic girdle
(everything other than axial skeleton)

A

appendicular skeleton

25
Q

Immoveable joints that hold together bones
of the skull.

A

sutures

26
Q

Bone to bone connectors that strengthen

joints.

A

ligaments

27
Q

connects the
femur to the tibia & limits rotational knee
movement.

A

acl ligament

28
Q

Dense connective tissue that connect
muscle to bone and allows for movement.

A

tendon

29
Q

An opening in the bone that allows for the
passage of nerves.

A

foramen

30
Q

WHAT in the skull allows for the
passage of the spinal cord.

A

Foramen magnum

31
Q

Point of attachment of muscle to stationary
bone.

A

origin

32
Q

Point of attachment of muscle to bone that
moves.

A

insertion

33
Q

Bending of joint.

A

flexion

34
Q

Straightening of joint.

A

extension

35
Q

(diaphysis)

A

long shaft

36
Q

Typically, a long shaft (diaphysis)
& two ends,

A

long bone

37
Q

what does each end of a long bone have

A

metaphysis & epiphysis

38
Q

A sheet of cartilage found
between the metaphysis &
epiphysis.

A

Epiphyseal plate

39
Q

Location in which vertical bone
growth occurs in the cartilage
until being replaced by bone in
adulthood.

A

epiphyseal plate

40
Q

Functional unit of compact
bone;

A

osteon

41
Q

what includes lamellae +
Haversian canals

A

osteon

42
Q

Very organized, dense bone

A

compact bone

43
Q

Concentric rings of compact
bone that form the Haversian
canals

A

lamellae

44
Q

Osteocytes trapped b/w lamellae
reside here

A

Lacunae

45
Q

what do osteocytes trapped btw lamellae exchange nutrients via…

A

small canals (canaliculi)

46
Q

Connects blood vessels, & lymph
vessels contained in Haversian canal

A

volkmanns canal

47
Q

Passageway for nerves, blood &
lymph vessels

A

Haversian canals

48
Q

Hollow part of bone surrounded by compact bone

A

Medullary cavity

49
Q

Contains yellow bone marrow (fat) and red bone marrow

A

Medullary cavity

50
Q

what is yellow bone marrow

A

fat

51
Q

what is red bone marrow

A

(the site
of hemopoiesis or red blood cell development)

52
Q

red blood cell development)

A

hemopoiesis

53
Q

Less dense consisting of
an interconnecting
lattice of bony spicules
called trabeculae.

A

spongy b0ne

54
Q

Spaces are filled with
red bone marrow in what kind of bone

A

spongy

55
Q

Connects bones via dense connective tissue
without allowing any movement.,, what joint

A

fibrous

56
Q

Bones are attached together by cartilage &
allow for little movement…. what joint

A

cartilege

57
Q

what joint is in spine and ribs

A

cartilege

58
Q

Allows for movement … what joint

A

synovial

59
Q

what fluid is in synovial joint that acts as lubricant

A

synovial

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