DAT Skeletal System Cheat Sheet Flashcards
internal skeleton under soft tissue
endoskeleton
2 major components of endoskeleton
bone and cartilege
An avascular, soft & flexible connective tissue.
cartilege
is cartilage vascular or avascular
avascular
A hard, strong, lightweight living connective tissue.
bone
Supports soft tissue,
bone
protects internal organs,
bone
assists in locomotion,
bone
what stores minerals
bone
produces blood cells & stores energy in the form of adipose cells
boen
what cells stores energy in bone
adipose cells
where are adipose cells located
bone marrow
If stress is put on a bone, osteoblasts deposit…
collagen, calcium, and phosphate to
strengthen the bone
what mineral is made as a result of stress on the bone
hydroxyapatite
Cells part of the mesenchymal stem
cell lineage that differentiate into
osteoblasts.
Osteoprogenitor/osteogenic
bone cell incapable of mitosis
osteoctes
Exchange nutrients & waste material with
blood,
osteocytes
help regulate bone mass
osteocytes
Secrete collagen & form organic
compounds for bone formation
osteoblasts
Differentiate into osteocytes &
incapable of mitosis.
osteoblasts
Resorb (break down) bone matrix &
release minerals (e.g. Ca2+) into blood
osteoclasts
Multi-nucleated cells derived from
monocytes.
osteoclasts
Basic framework of skeleton that includes the
skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
axial skeleton
Bones of appendages, pectoral & pelvic girdle
(everything other than axial skeleton)
appendicular skeleton
Immoveable joints that hold together bones
of the skull.
sutures
Bone to bone connectors that strengthen
joints.
ligaments
connects the
femur to the tibia & limits rotational knee
movement.
acl ligament
Dense connective tissue that connect
muscle to bone and allows for movement.
tendon
An opening in the bone that allows for the
passage of nerves.
foramen
WHAT in the skull allows for the
passage of the spinal cord.
Foramen magnum
Point of attachment of muscle to stationary
bone.
origin
Point of attachment of muscle to bone that
moves.
insertion
Bending of joint.
flexion
Straightening of joint.
extension
(diaphysis)
long shaft
Typically, a long shaft (diaphysis)
& two ends,
long bone
what does each end of a long bone have
metaphysis & epiphysis
A sheet of cartilage found
between the metaphysis &
epiphysis.
Epiphyseal plate
Location in which vertical bone
growth occurs in the cartilage
until being replaced by bone in
adulthood.
epiphyseal plate
Functional unit of compact
bone;
osteon
what includes lamellae +
Haversian canals
osteon
Very organized, dense bone
compact bone
Concentric rings of compact
bone that form the Haversian
canals
lamellae
Osteocytes trapped b/w lamellae
reside here
Lacunae
what do osteocytes trapped btw lamellae exchange nutrients via…
small canals (canaliculi)
Connects blood vessels, & lymph
vessels contained in Haversian canal
volkmanns canal
Passageway for nerves, blood &
lymph vessels
Haversian canals
Hollow part of bone surrounded by compact bone
Medullary cavity
Contains yellow bone marrow (fat) and red bone marrow
Medullary cavity
what is yellow bone marrow
fat
what is red bone marrow
(the site
of hemopoiesis or red blood cell development)
red blood cell development)
hemopoiesis
Less dense consisting of
an interconnecting
lattice of bony spicules
called trabeculae.
spongy b0ne
Spaces are filled with
red bone marrow in what kind of bone
spongy
Connects bones via dense connective tissue
without allowing any movement.,, what joint
fibrous
Bones are attached together by cartilage &
allow for little movement…. what joint
cartilege
what joint is in spine and ribs
cartilege
Allows for movement … what joint
synovial
what fluid is in synovial joint that acts as lubricant
synovial
