DAT Muscular System Cheat Sheet

Question 1

contain microfilaments divided
into sarcomeres

Answer 1

myofibril.s

Question 2

individual contractile units
separated by a border

Answer 2

sarcomere

Question 3

what is border of sarcomere called

Answer 3

z line

Question 4

stores Ca+2 and
surrounds myofibrils

Answer 4

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

what does sarcoplasmic reticulum store

Answer 5

Ca2+

Question 6

same thing as cytoplasm, but for sarcomeres

Answer 6

sarcoplasm

Question 7

plasma membrane of muscle
cells that can propagate action potentials
that are invaginated by T-tubules (channels
for ion flow)

Answer 7

sarcolemma

Question 8

channels for ion flow

Answer 8

t tubules

Question 9

present in large
amounts in myofibrils

Answer 9

mitochondira

Question 10

When we use a muscle, do we contract muscle fully right away

Answer 10

no

Question 11

motor neuron and all the
muscle fibers it stimulates

Answer 11

individual motor unit

Question 12

The more force a muscle needs to deliver ->

Answer 12

the more the motor unit gets recruited

Question 13

the more
motor units get recruited ->

Answer 13

the more fibers that are used to generate force

Question 14

As submaximal stimulus increases, motor unit
recruitment..

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

When a maximum stimulus is reached all motor units…

Answer 15

are recruited

Question 16

Striated appearance

Answer 16

cardiac muscle

Question 17

One or two central nuclei

Answer 17

cardiac muscle

Question 18

Cells separated by intercalated
discs that have gap junctions

Answer 18

cardiac muscle

Question 19

A lot of mitochondria

Answer 19

cardiac muscle

Question 20

Lacks striation

Answer 20

smooth muscle

Question 21

Contains one central nucleus,

Answer 21

smooth muscle

Question 22

Stimulated by the autonomic
nervous system

Answer 22

smooth muscle

Question 23

Does not utilize sarcomeres

Answer 23

smooth muscle

Question 24

muscle contraction occurs occurs via the…

Answer 24

sliding filament model

Question 25

sliding
filament model, which occurs via WHAT RESPONSE

Answer 25

ALL OR NOTHING

Question 26

Action potential of a neuron releases…

Answer 26

acetylcholine

Question 27

Action potential of a neuron releases
acetylcholine at a…

Answer 27

neuromuscular junction

Question 28

An action potential is then generated

on the…

Answer 28

sarcolemma and throughout T-
tubules

Question 29

The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases…

Answer 29

Ca2+

Question 30

Ca2+ binds to…

Answer 30

troponin

Question 31

Ca2+ binds to troponin on the…

Answer 31

actin helix

Question 32

Ca2+ binds to troponin on the actin
helix, allowing WHAT TO BIND

Answer 32

myosin

Question 33

what forms once myosin binds

Answer 33

Myosin cross-bridges form

Question 34

what happens once the cross bridges form

Answer 34

contraction
occurs as depicted in
the “Sliding Filament Model”

Question 35

5 main steps of sliding filament model

Answer 35

1. Ca2+ exposes binding sites on actin:
2. Myosin head attaches to actin filament:
3. Inorganic phosphate is released from the myosin head:
4. New ATP attaches to the myosin head à cross bridges unbind:
   5.When ATP is converted to ADP + Pi, the myosin head is cocked back:

Question 36

Skeletal muscles act as a

Answer 36

muscular pump