DAT Cellular Respiration Cheat Sheet

Question 1

is glucose oxidized or reduced during cell respiration

Answer 1

oxidized

Question 2

is cellular respiration ender or exergonic

Answer 2

exergonic

Question 3

how is glucose oxidzed

Answer 3

via electron carriers, they deposit their electrons in ETC,

Question 4

what happens to electrons after they arrive in ETC

Answer 4

fuel chemo osmosis, generate ATPwher

Question 5

where in cell does glycolysis occur

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

where does transformation of pyruvate into acetyl coa occur in cell

Answer 6

mitochondrial matrix

Question 7

where does Kreb cycle occur

Answer 7

mitochondrial matrix

Question 8

where does oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 8

mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 9

what does glycolysis net and produce

Answer 9

net 2 atp, produces 2 pyruvate

Question 10

Substrate Level Phosphorylation

Answer 10

ATP generated via direct transfer of a phosphate from another molecule.

Question 11

what is The first “committed” step of glycolysis,

Answer 11

hexokinase

Question 12

what does hexokinase do

Answer 12

transforms glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, consuming
1 ATP.

Question 13

is phosphating glucose reversible or irreversable

Answer 13

irreversible

Question 14

Phosphofructokinase (PFK):

Answer 14

Adds second phosphate,
committing molecule to glycolysis.

Question 15

Aerobic process:

Answer 15

Oxygen required as final electron acceptor.

Question 16

Overall Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Answer 16

aerobic respiration

Question 17

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 17

Regenerates oxidized NAD+ from NADH so glycolysis can
run.

Question 18

where does the pyruvate from glycolysis get shipped to

Answer 18

mitochondrial matrix

Question 19

what does the pyruvate get turned into

Answer 19

acetyl CoA

Question 20

what transforms pyruvate to acetyl CoA

Answer 20

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex

Question 21

Where does the resulting acetyl CoA go to?

Answer 21

Enters CAC

Question 22

what is the acetyl CoA used to generate

Answer 22

oxaloacetate

Question 23

what does Each cycle of the cac produce

Answer 23

CO2, ATP, FADH2, and NADH.

Question 24

Oxidative phosphorylation:

Answer 24

Electrons passed from
electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) to other carrier
proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane which
generates a H+ gradient, providing ATP synthase energy
via the proton motive force to produce ATP.

Question 25

what is final e- acceptor in ETC

Answer 25

oxygen

Question 26

what does ATP synthase use for the chemoosmosis

Answer 26

H+ gradient

Question 27

steps of cellular respiration in order

Answer 27

glycolysis, transformation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

Question 28

what kind of cells does alcohol fermentation occur in

Answer 28

plants, fungi, and yeast,

Question 29

first step of alcohol fermentation

Answer 29

Pyruvate is converted to acetylaldehyde + CO2.

Question 30

what is acetylaldehyde converted to in alcohol fermentation

Answer 30

ethanol

Question 31

what also happens in the conversion to ethanol

Answer 31

oxidizes NADH to regenerate NAD+.

Question 32

final e- acceptor in alcohol fermentaiton

Answer 32

Acetylaldehyde

Question 33

what kinds of cells does lactic acid fermentation occur

Answer 33

Human muscle cells and
other microorganisms.

Question 34

what does pyruvate turn into in lactic acid fermentation

Answer 34

lactate

Question 35

what and where can lactate be turned back into in lactic acid ferm

Answer 35

glucose, in the liver

Question 36

what cells can store a lot of glycogen

Answer 36

skeletal muscles, liver