DAT Cellular Respiration Cheat Sheet Flashcards
is glucose oxidized or reduced during cell respiration
oxidized
is cellular respiration ender or exergonic
exergonic
how is glucose oxidzed
via electron carriers, they deposit their electrons in ETC,
what happens to electrons after they arrive in ETC
fuel chemo osmosis, generate ATPwher
where in cell does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
where does transformation of pyruvate into acetyl coa occur in cell
mitochondrial matrix
where does Kreb cycle occur
mitochondrial matrix
where does oxidative phosphorylation
mitochondrial inner membrane
what does glycolysis net and produce
net 2 atp, produces 2 pyruvate
Substrate Level Phosphorylation
ATP generated via direct transfer of a phosphate from another molecule.
what is The first “committed” step of glycolysis,
hexokinase
what does hexokinase do
transforms glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, consuming
1 ATP.
is phosphating glucose reversible or irreversable
irreversible
Phosphofructokinase (PFK):
Adds second phosphate,
committing molecule to glycolysis.
Aerobic process:
Oxygen required as final electron acceptor.
Overall Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
aerobic respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Regenerates oxidized NAD+ from NADH so glycolysis can
run.
where does the pyruvate from glycolysis get shipped to
mitochondrial matrix
what does the pyruvate get turned into
acetyl CoA
what transforms pyruvate to acetyl CoA
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
Where does the resulting acetyl CoA go to?
Enters CAC
what is the acetyl CoA used to generate
oxaloacetate
what does Each cycle of the cac produce
CO2, ATP, FADH2, and NADH.
Oxidative phosphorylation:
Electrons passed from
electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) to other carrier
proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane which
generates a H+ gradient, providing ATP synthase energy
via the proton motive force to produce ATP.
what is final e- acceptor in ETC
oxygen
what does ATP synthase use for the chemoosmosis
H+ gradient
steps of cellular respiration in order
glycolysis, transformation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation
what kind of cells does alcohol fermentation occur in
plants, fungi, and yeast,
first step of alcohol fermentation
Pyruvate is converted to acetylaldehyde + CO2.
what is acetylaldehyde converted to in alcohol fermentation
ethanol
what also happens in the conversion to ethanol
oxidizes NADH to regenerate NAD+.
final e- acceptor in alcohol fermentaiton
Acetylaldehyde
what kinds of cells does lactic acid fermentation occur
Human muscle cells and
other microorganisms.
what does pyruvate turn into in lactic acid fermentation
lactate
what and where can lactate be turned back into in lactic acid ferm
glucose, in the liver
what cells can store a lot of glycogen
skeletal muscles, liver
