DAT Evolution

Question 1

changes in
allele frequencies in populations,
species or groups over time

Answer 1

evolution

Question 2

what is evolution driven by

Answer 2

natural seleection

Question 3

Changes in allele
frequencies that occur within a
population

Answer 3

microevolution

Question 4

Pattern of
changes in groups of related
species over broad periods of
geologic time

Answer 4

macroevolution

Question 5

Natural selection (“survival of the fittest”)… what theory of evolution

Answer 5

Darwin-Wallace

Question 6

Body features acquired during one’s
lifetime (due to use/disuse) can be passed
down to offspring (FALSE)…. what theory of evolution

Answer 6

Lamarck

Question 7

Changes in allele
frequencies that
lead to increased
fitness (“survival
of the fittest”)

Answer 7

natural selection

Question 8

Ability
of an offspring
to survive and
produce fertile
offspring

Answer 8

fitness

Question 9

Allele frequencies remain constant from generation
to generation when there is…

Answer 9

no evolution occuring

Question 10

can be used to determine
allele frequencies in a population that is in genetic
equilibrium

Answer 10

Hardy-Weinberg equation

Question 11

The 5 requirements of genetic equilibrium are:

Answer 11

1. No mutations
2. No natural selection
3. No gene flow
4. Large population
5. Random mating

Question 12

Random increase or
decrease of an allele

Answer 12

genetic drift

Question 13

types of genetic drift

Answer 13

bottleneck effect, founders effect

Question 14

Addition or removal of alleles
from a population when individuals
enter/leave

Answer 14

gene flow

Question 15

Hardy Weinberg Equation is what

Answer 15

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Question 16

frequency of homozygous dominant (HW)

Answer 16

p2

Question 17

frequency of heterozygous (HW)

Answer 17

2pq

Question 18

frequency of homozygous recessive

Answer 18

q2

Question 19

other eqn in HW

Answer 19

p + q = 1

Question 20

frequency of dominant allele

Answer 20

p

Question 21

freq of recessive allele

Answer 21

q

Question 22

Maintenance of different
phenotypes in a population

Answer 22

balanced polymorphism

Question 23

Heterozygote is more
advantageous than either homozygous conditions

Answer 23

Heterozygote advantage:

Question 24

In heterozygous conditions, recessive allele
is stored for later gen.

Answer 24

diploidy

Question 25

Sources of Genetic Variation

Answer 25

1. Mutation
2. Sexual Reproduction
3. Balanced Polymorphism:
4. diploidy

Question 26

Body
parts that resemble one another
between different species that
descended from a common
ancestor (e.g., bat vs bird
forelimbs)

Answer 26

homologous structures

Question 27

Body
parts that resemble one another
between different species that
evolved independently (e.g., bat
vs bee wings)

Answer 27

analogous structures

Question 28

Formation of two or
more species that descend from a common
ancestry and become increasingly different
over time (results of speciation)

Answer 28

divergent evolution

Question 29

Two unrelated
species, independently evolving similar traits
as a result of having to adapt to similar
environments (analogous traits)

Answer 29

convergent evolution

Question 30

two related species
develop similar adaptations or traits after
their divergence from a common ancestor

Answer 30

parallel evolution

Question 31

Two or more species having a
close ecological relationship evolve together
in response to new adaptations that appear
in another species (predator/prey)

Answer 31

coevolution

Question 32

Formation of a new species

Answer 32

speciation

Question 33

(begins when gene flow ceases between two
sections of a population)

Answer 33

speciation

Question 34

Group of individuals capable of interbreeding

Answer 34

species

Question 35

Occurs when
population is divided
by a geographic barrier

Answer 35

allopatric speciation

Question 36

Occurs without the
presence of a geographic
barrier (polyploidy,
habitat differentiation)

Answer 36

sympatric speciation