DAT Renal System Cheat Sheet Flashcards
Excretes waste, maintains homeostasis of body fluid volume & solute composition, and
regulates blood pressure
kidney
what maintains homeostasis of body fluid volume and solute comp
kidney
what regulates blood pressure
kidney
Monitors filtrate
pressure in kidney tubules
Macula Densa:
what is included in the juxtaglomular apparatus
macula densa
If low Blood Pressure →
adrenal
cortex is signaled to synthesize
aldosterone → more water is
reabsorbed from the kidney back into
the blood → Blood pressure
increases/normalizes
adrenal cortex is signaled to synthesize what
aldosterone
if low blood pressure, is water excreted or reabsorbed in to kidney to blood
reabsorbed
Large particles (blood cells
& albumin) remain in circulatory
system; only small particles go
through and form the filtrate, which
is pushed into Bowman’s capsule
filtration
what particles stay in circulatory system during filtration
large particles (blood cels and albumin)
where is filtrate pushed to
Bowmans capsule
Glucose is completely
reabsorbed; after passing through
the components of the nephron,
molecules & ions are pulled back
into blood from kidney
reabsorption
what is completely reabsorbed during reabsorption
glucose
after passing thru components of the nephron, molecules and ions… what
pulled back into blood from kidney
Substances are removed
and secreted from the blood through
peritubular capillaries into the
nephron
secretion
where are things secreted from
blood
where do the things being secreted move to
peritubular capillaries into th enephron
Urine physically leaves
the body
excretion
two parts of the nephron
Renal Corpuscle, Renal Tubule
what is included in renal corpuscle
Bowmans capsule, glomerous
A capillary network that interacts with Bowman’s
capsule
glomerous
Afferent arteriole
into glomerous
Efferent arteriole
out of glomerous
A structure that surrounds glomerulus
bowmans capsule
Materials are forced out of blood and into the…
tubule
Cells in Bowman’s capsule that filter blood
podocytes
components of renal tubule
proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tube, collecting duct
A portion between Bowman’s capsule and the loop of Henle
proximal convoluted tubule
where does most reabsorbtion occur
pct
lots of mitochondria present
pct
permeable only to water;
descending loop of henle
water leaves the
kidney tubules, which increases the solute concentration in the
tube
descending loop of henle
impermeable to water;
ascending loop of henle
NaCl gets removed,
ascending loop
decreases the solute concentration in the tube
ascending loop
More reabsorption of glucose, ions, and water
distal convoluted tubule
Collects remaining filtrate
collecting duct
what can act on collecting duct to affect secretion & reabsorption
hormones
Increases Na+ reabsorption from
the kidney tubules into the
bloodstream
aldosterone
water retention in
blood is increased, caused by what
aldosterone
Increases collecting duct permeability to water
ADH
water is reabsorbed out of kidney tubule and back
into the bloodstream → urine becomes more
concentrated while blood pressure increases… what hormone
ADH
Alcohol & coffee block synthesis of
ADH
Aquatic animals excrete NH3 & NH4…
directly into water
Mammals, sharks, amphibians:
convert NH3 ->
urea
Birds, insects, reptiles: secrete…
uric acid
Marine Fish:
* Body cells are WHAT to enviroment
hypotonic
Constantly drink water to offset water loss
marine fish
rarely urinate, what kinda fish
marine fish
Freshwater Fish
* Body cells are… WHAT to enviroment
hypertonic to environment →
water enters
Rarely drink water
freshwater fish
Constantly urinate to stop body fluid being
diluted
freshwater fish
