endocrine

Question 1

homeostasis

Answer 1

ability to maintain a stable internal environment in spite of changes in the external or internal environmen

Question 2

what does homeostasis involve

Answer 2

communication and coordination between the nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 3

what do the glands of endocrine system secrete?

Answer 3

chemical substances that are collectively known as hormones

Question 4

what is the function of hormones?

Answer 4

diffuse into the bloodstream and communicate with distant cells called target cells.

Question 5

what are paracrine secretions

Answer 5

substances travel in the interstitial fluid and affect neighboring cells

Question 6

what are autocrine secretions

Answer 6

chemical secretions affect only the secreting cell.

Question 7

how are the chemical substances secreted from a cell and delivered to another cell

Answer 7

bodily fluids

Question 8

what do endocrine glands secrete?

Answer 8

testosterone
cortisol
ADH
insulin
oxytocin

Question 9

what to exocrine glands secrete?

Answer 9

sweat
mucus
pancreatic juice
bile
saliva

Question 10

what produces antidiuretic hormone

Answer 10

posterior pituitary gland

Question 11

how is ADH transported to target cells

Answer 11

through blood

Question 12

Why are both the kidneys and blood vessels able to respond to ADH?

Answer 12

They both have target cells with ADH receptors.

Question 13

function of Thyroxine

Answer 13

Affects metabolic processes to increase energy & growth

Question 14

which gland produce thyroxine?

Answer 14

thyroid gland

Question 15

function of Calcitonin

Answer 15

Decreases calcium & phosphate levels in blood

Question 16

which gland produces calcitonin

Answer 16

thyroid gland

Question 17

function of Parathyroid hormone

Answer 17

increases calcium & phosphate levels in blood

Question 18

which gland produces parathyroid hormone

Answer 18

parathyroid gland

Question 19

function of Epinephrine & norepinephrine

Answer 19

Actions are similar to the sympathetic response

Question 20

which gland produces Epinephrine & norepinephrine

Answer 20

adrenal medulla

Question 21

function of Aldosterone

Answer 21

Regulates electrolytes in the blood

Question 22

which gland produces aldosterone

Answer 22

adrenal cortex

Question 23

function of Cortisol

Answer 23

Affects glucose metabolism

Question 24

which gland secretes cortisol

Answer 24

adrenal cortex

Question 25

function of Adrenal androgens

Answer 25

Supplements the major sex hormones

Question 26

which gland secretes adrenal androgens

Answer 26

adrenal cortex

Question 27

function of Insulin

Answer 27

Decreases blood glucose levels, increases anabolic processess

Question 28

which gland secretes insulin

Answer 28

pancreas

Question 29

function of Glucagon

Answer 29

Increases blood glucose levels, increases catabolic processes

Question 30

which gland secretes glucagon

Answer 30

pancreas

Question 31

function of anterior lobe

Answer 31

regulates growth, metabolism, and reproduction through the hormones that it produces

Question 32

what hormones does posterior pituitary lobe release?

Answer 32

oxytocin ADH

Question 33

function of oxytocin

Answer 33

Affects muscle contraction of uterus & mammary glands

Question 34

function of ADH

Answer 34

Causes kidneys to conserve water

Question 35

what hormones does anterior pituitary lobe release?

Answer 35

growth hormone FSH LH thyroid stimualting hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone prolactin

Question 36

function of FSH

Answer 36

Stimulates development of eggs & sperm

Question 37

function of LH

Answer 37

Controls secretions from ovaries & testes

Question 38

function of thyroid stimulating hormone

Answer 38

Controls thyroid gland secretions

Question 39

function of adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 39

Controls adrenal cortex secretions

Question 40

function of prolactin

Answer 40

Sustains milk production after birth

Question 41

function of growth hormone

Answer 41

Increases size and division rate of body cells

Question 42

which gland sits on top of kidney

Answer 42

adrenal

Question 43

which gland is found in pelvis

Answer 43

ovaries

Question 44

which gland is attached to the small intestines

Answer 44

pancreas

Question 45

which gland is found in the neck

Answer 45

thyroid

Question 46

which gland is found in the brain

Answer 46

pituitary

Question 47

What is the correct order of hormones released during a stress response (general adaptation syndrome)?

Answer 47

CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone) → ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) → cortisol

Question 48

What organ controls the response to stress (general adaptation syndrome)?

Answer 48

Hypothalamus

Question 49

what are prostaglandins

Answer 49

a group of compounds with powerful effects produced from a particular type of fatty acid

Question 50

what type of hormone enters a cell directly?

Answer 50

steroid

Question 51

what type of hormone has its receptor inside the cell?

Answer 51

steroid

Question 52

what type of hormone stimulates transcription of DNA?

Answer 52

steroid

Question 53

what type of hormone has its receptor on the cell membrane?

Answer 53

non steroid

Question 54

what type of hormone causes metabolic changes in the cell?

Answer 54

steroid and non steroid hormone

Question 55

how are steroid hormones classified?

Answer 55

hormones synthesized from cholesterol

Question 56

how are amines, peptides, or proteins classified?

Answer 56

hormones synthesized from amino acids

Question 57

what do gonadotropins do?

Answer 57

causes the pituitary gland to make and secrete the hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 58

what type of tissue is the anterior pituitary

Answer 58

glandular

Question 59

what is a glandular tissue?

Answer 59

a type of tissue that lines certain internal organs and makes and releases substances in the body, such as mucous, digestive juices, and other fluids.

Question 60

how is the anterior pituitary stimulated?

Answer 60

by the hypothalamus via hormones that travel through the hypophyseal portal system.

Question 61

what's the role of cell bodies in the hypothalamus

Answer 61

synthesize hormones that pass down axons and are stored in the posterior pituitary

Question 62

Where is the thymus gland located?

Answer 62

In the mediastinum

Question 63

how are hormones regulated?

Answer 63

neural control -> nervous system directly stimulates endocrine glands to release hormones hormonal control -> one hormone stimulates the release of another hormone humoral control -> concentration of substance in the blood

Question 64

Which organs are components of the endocrine system as they produce hormones?

Answer 64

pineal gland thymus gland reproductive organs digestive tract heart and kidneys

Question 65

function of pineal gland

Answer 65

regulate circadian rhythm

Question 66

What hormone is involved with the development of immunity?

Answer 66

thymosin

Question 67

what gland produces melatonin?

Answer 67

pineal gland

Question 68

What body systems does the parathyroid hormone target?

Answer 68

skeletal urinary digestive

Question 69

What hormone is released in response to low oxygen levels in the blood due to low red-blood-cell count?

Answer 69

erythropoietin