cell differentiation Flashcards
what are somatic cells?
majority of cells in an organism
adapted to the environment
what do somatic cells do?
Determine the reproductive success of the organism
features of somatic cells?
diploid
mortal
must be remade at each generation
what are germ line cells?
Cells which give rise to the gametes (i.e. egg and sperm)
minority of cells in an organism
features of germ line cells?
haploid
immortal
which cells do ectoderms give rise to?
epidermis, nerve tissue, and nephridia
which cells do mesoderms give rise to?
cartilage, muscles, and bone
what cells do endoderms give rise to?
lining of the gut and associated structures
what would make good characteristics for a model organism that could be used in studying development and cell fate?
- develop outside the body
- easy to work with and keep in the lab
- Eggs and embryos need to be easy to work with
- Fast to breed and develop to the adult animal
- large
- transparent
- produce a lot of eggs and embryos
what does multipotent mean?
can become several cell types
what does pluripotent mean?
can become most cell types
what does terminally differentiated mean?
final fixed cell type
what does totipotent mean?
can become all cell types
what determines cell fate?
the position of the cell
what does anterior mean?
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