Diseases of Immune System- HIV

Question 1

AIDS caused by which 2 retroviruses?

Answer 1

HIV types 1 and 2

Question 2

AIDS epidemic first began ???

Answer 2

Early 1980s where some homosexual men presented w/ lung disease and later in needled drug addicts

Question 3

Transmission of HIV/AIDS

Answer 3

via sex , blood and other bodily secretions

Question 4

HIV mainly spread (about 80 %) via ________, although its the least efficient route of transmission

Answer 4

sexual intercourse

Question 5

HIV mainly infects, binds and enters to which T cell?

Answer 5

CD4 T cells

Question 6

First several weeks of an HIV infection

Answer 6

acute/ primary phase

Question 7

acute phase is characterized by _________ symptoms?

Answer 7

Flu like symptoms; fever , soar throat, swollen lymph nodes, headache

Question 8

HIV Viral particles carry 3 virally encoded proteins that are significant bc they are target of anti HIV meds

Answer 8

Reverse Transcriptase, Integrase & HIV Protease

Question 9

How does HIV enter into host cell?

Answer 9

HIV glycoprotein gp120 binds to host cells CD4 receptors

Question 10

AIDS is diagnosed when ____?

Answer 10

Patients CD4 T cell counts fall below 200

Question 11

Fusion of HIV to host cell

Answer 11

HIV’s glycoprotein gp41 mediates host-virus membrane fusion & viral entry into host cell

Question 12

What happens once HIV binds to host cell?

Answer 12

gp120 undergoes a conformational change that exposes binding site for co-receptor (CCR5/CCR4)

Question 13

HIV’s 2 glycoproteins

Answer 13

gp120 and gp41

Question 14

Average time elapse of initial HIV infection to onset of AIDS

Answer 14

10 years

Question 15

Asymptomatic HIV disease stage, person looks and feels healthy, meanwhile?

Answer 15

Virus is actively replicating; destroying replacing billions CD4 cells daily

Question 16

CCR5/CCR4 coreceptors are important to HIV how?

Answer 16

these co receptors are important to how virus spreads

Question 17

HIV Symptomatic Symptoms

Answer 17

Weight loss, fever, fatigue, swollen lymph glands

Question 18

Symptomatic disease stage of HIV happens??

Answer 18

when CD4 cell count falls below 400