Chap 15- Adaptive I.S, Antigens & Antibodies Flashcards

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1
Q

this immune system provides defense against SPECIFIC PATHOGEN/ highly specific

A

Adaptive Immune System

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2
Q

first observed IMMUNITY after discovering how to make vaccines from weakened microbes

A

Louis Pasteur

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3
Q

discovered antibodies could be transferred by means of blood plasma, or serum; antitoxins treating diptheria

A

von Behring/ Ehrlich

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4
Q

dual nature of Adaptive immunity is demonstrated by

A

T cells (cellular immunity) and b cells (humoral immunity)

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5
Q

T and B cells develop from

A

stem cells in Red Bone Marrow

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6
Q

compounds that provoke a highly specific immune response; antibody generators

A

antigen

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7
Q

Example of non microbial antigens

A

Pollen; Egg white; Blood cell surface molecules (A, B, AB, O, and Rh); Serum proteins from another individual or species; Surface molecules of transplanted tissues and organs

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8
Q

small molecule that stimulates the production of antibody only when attached to a carrier molecule.

A

hapten

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9
Q

Why is penicillin an example of a hapten?

A

Penicillin by itself is not antigenic, but when combined with host proteins may cause allergic reaction

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10
Q

Two types of antigens

A

t dependent antigens, t independent antigens

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11
Q

type of antigen that requires confirmation of T helper cell to become activated

A

T DEPENDENT antigen (most antigens are t cell dependent)

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12
Q

can activate a B cell without confirmation from a T helper cell

A

T INDEPENDENT Antigen

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13
Q

globular protein made in response to antigen; Immunoglobin (Ig)

A

antibodies

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14
Q

Region of an antigen recognized by antibodies and antigen receptors on lymphocytes

A

epitope

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15
Q

How do antibodies recognize antigens??

A

They interact with the epitopes on the antigen

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16
Q

antibody structure consists of

A

2 heavy chains & 2 light chains

17
Q

two identical sites on antibody that bind to epitope

A

antigen binding site

18
Q

5 classes of Ig’s (immunoglobins/antibodies)

A

IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE

19
Q

type of Ig that enhance phagocytosis, neutralize toxins and viruses, protects fetus and newborn; half life of 23 days; fix complement

A

igG (Y shaped)

20
Q

Agglutinates microbes; first Ab produced in response to infection; fix complement

A

IgM

21
Q

type of Ig that Agglutinates microbes; first Ab produced in response to infection; fixes complement; 5 day half life

A

serum (blood serum)

22
Q

type of Ig that provides Mucosal protection

A

igA

23
Q

type of iG that initiates immune response ON B CELLS

A

IgD

24
Q

type of Ig On mast cells, on basophils, and in blood; allergic reactions; lysis of parasitic worms

A

IgE