Chap 16- Infectious Diseases & Koch's postulates Flashcards

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1
Q

Establishment and multiplication/growth of a microorganism on a surface

A

colonization

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2
Q

Colonization by a pathogen on or within the body

A

infection

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3
Q

An infection can be subclinical, meaning

A

it may cause no symptoms/mild symptoms

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4
Q

An infection that results in disease and prevents the body from functioning normally

A

infectious disease

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5
Q

subjective effects that are experienced by patient (pain/nausea)

A

symptoms

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6
Q

objective evidence of infection (can be seen & measured)

A

signs

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7
Q

Infection in a previously healthy individual; initial infection

A

primary infection

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8
Q

Infection that occurs along with or immediately following another infection

A

secondary infection

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9
Q

microbe/virus that cause disease in otherwise healthy person

A

primary pathogen

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10
Q

microbes that causes disease only when body is immune systems are compromised

A

oppurtunistic pathogen

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11
Q

ability of a pathogen to overcome body defenses and cause disease; degree of pathogenicity

A

virulence

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12
Q

Traits of a microbe that promote pathogenicity

A

virulence factors

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13
Q

infectious diseases that spread from one host to another

A

communicable/ contagious

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14
Q

Number of microbes sufficient to establish an infection

A

infectious dose

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15
Q

time between infection to host & onset of signs/symptoms

A

incubation period

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16
Q

signs and symptoms of disease

A

illness

17
Q

Period of recuperation and recovery from an illness

A

convalescence

18
Q

Progression/ Stages of Infectious Disease

A

Incubation, illness, convalescence

19
Q

A period of early, vague symptoms indicating the onset of a disease

A

prodromal phase

20
Q

infectious agents can be spread mostly through which 2 phases

A

incubation & convalescence

21
Q

may harbor and spread infectious agent for long periods of time in absence of signs or symptoms

A

carriers

22
Q

infection where symptoms develop quickly, last a short time (ex: strep throat); incubation –> illness —> convalescence

A

Acute infection

23
Q

infection that generally develops slowly and lasts for months or years; incubation—->illness

A

chronic infection

24
Q

Infection in which the infectious agent is present but not causing symptoms. incubation —> illness —>convalescence —> latency —> recurrence

A

latent infection (ex: tuberculosis, herpes)

25
Q

Infection limited to one site in or on the body

A

localized infection

26
Q

Infection in which the infectious agent spreads throughout the body

A

systemic infection

27
Q

bacteria circulation in blood

A

bacteremia

28
Q

toxins circulating in bloodstream

A

toxemia

29
Q

viruses circulating in bloodstream

A

viremia

30
Q

criteria used to determine the cause of an infectious disease by culturing the agent and reproducing the disease

A

Koch’s postulates

31
Q

Koch’s Postulates 1-5

A
  1. Microorg must be present in every case of disease 2. Microorg must be grown in pure culture from diseased host 3. Same diseases can be produced when a pure culture can of microrg is introduced into new host 4. Microorg must be recovered from experimental host
32
Q

Limitation of Koch’s Postulates

A

some orgs cannot be grown in lab, infected ppl dont always have symptoms, suitable animal host not always available for experiment

33
Q

criteria established to study a microbe’s virulence factors using genetic and molecular techniques

A

Molecular Koch’s Postulates