Chap 16- Infectious Diseases & Koch's postulates

Question 1

Establishment and multiplication/growth of a microorganism on a surface

Answer 1

colonization

Question 2

Colonization by a pathogen on or within the body

Answer 2

infection

Question 3

An infection can be subclinical, meaning

Answer 3

it may cause no symptoms/mild symptoms

Question 4

An infection that results in disease and prevents the body from functioning normally

Answer 4

infectious disease

Question 5

subjective effects that are experienced by patient (pain/nausea)

Answer 5

symptoms

Question 6

objective evidence of infection (can be seen & measured)

Answer 6

signs

Question 7

Infection in a previously healthy individual; initial infection

Answer 7

primary infection

Question 8

Infection that occurs along with or immediately following another infection

Answer 8

secondary infection

Question 9

microbe/virus that cause disease in otherwise healthy person

Answer 9

primary pathogen

Question 10

microbes that causes disease only when body is immune systems are compromised

Answer 10

oppurtunistic pathogen

Question 11

ability of a pathogen to overcome body defenses and cause disease; degree of pathogenicity

Answer 11

virulence

Question 12

Traits of a microbe that promote pathogenicity

Answer 12

virulence factors

Question 13

infectious diseases that spread from one host to another

Answer 13

communicable/ contagious

Question 14

Number of microbes sufficient to establish an infection

Answer 14

infectious dose

Question 15

time between infection to host & onset of signs/symptoms

Answer 15

incubation period

Question 16

signs and symptoms of disease

Answer 16

illness

Question 17

Period of recuperation and recovery from an illness

Answer 17

convalescence

Question 18

Progression/ Stages of Infectious Disease

Answer 18

Incubation, illness, convalescence

Question 19

A period of early, vague symptoms indicating the onset of a disease

Answer 19

prodromal phase

Question 20

infectious agents can be spread mostly through which 2 phases

Answer 20

incubation & convalescence

Question 21

may harbor and spread infectious agent for long periods of time in absence of signs or symptoms

Answer 21

carriers

Question 22

infection where symptoms develop quickly, last a short time (ex: strep throat); incubation –> illness —> convalescence

Answer 22

Acute infection

Question 23

infection that generally develops slowly and lasts for months or years; incubation—->illness

Answer 23

chronic infection

Question 24

Infection in which the infectious agent is present but not causing symptoms. incubation —> illness —>convalescence —> latency —> recurrence

Answer 24

latent infection (ex: tuberculosis, herpes)

Question 25

Infection limited to one site in or on the body

Answer 25

localized infection

Question 26

Infection in which the infectious agent spreads throughout the body

Answer 26

systemic infection

Question 27

bacteria circulation in blood

Answer 27

bacteremia

Question 28

toxins circulating in bloodstream

Answer 28

toxemia

Question 29

viruses circulating in bloodstream

Answer 29

viremia

Question 30

criteria used to determine the cause of an infectious disease by culturing the agent and reproducing the disease

Answer 30

Koch’s postulates

Question 31

Koch’s Postulates 1-5

Answer 31

1. Microorg must be present in every case of disease 2. Microorg must be grown in pure culture from diseased host 3. Same diseases can be produced when a pure culture can of microrg is introduced into new host 4. Microorg must be recovered from experimental host

Question 32

Limitation of Koch’s Postulates

Answer 32

some orgs cannot be grown in lab, infected ppl dont always have symptoms, suitable animal host not always available for experiment

Question 33

criteria established to study a microbe’s virulence factors using genetic and molecular techniques

Answer 33

Molecular Koch’s Postulates