Diltiazem

Question 1

What is the classification of diltiazem?

Answer 1

Diltiazem is classified as a calcium channel blocker.

Question 2

What is the primary action of diltiazem?

Answer 2

Diltiazem primarily relaxes vascular smooth muscle and reduces heart rate.

Question 3

Diltiazem is indicated for which condition?

Answer 3

Diltiazem is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and angina.

Question 4

True or False: Diltiazem can be used to treat atrial fibrillation.

Answer 4

True.

Question 5

What is the typical adult dosage range for diltiazem?

Answer 5

The typical adult dosage range for diltiazem is 30 mg to 120 mg, administered three to four times daily.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Diltiazem works by blocking ______ channels in the heart and blood vessels.

Answer 6

calcium.

Question 7

What are some common adverse effects of diltiazem?

Answer 7

Common adverse effects include headache, dizziness, and peripheral edema.

Question 8

Which of the following is a serious adverse effect of diltiazem? A) Rash B) Heart block C) Insomnia

Answer 8

B) Heart block.

Question 9

What should be monitored when a patient is on diltiazem?

Answer 9

Heart rate and blood pressure should be monitored.

Question 10

True or False: Diltiazem can interact with beta-blockers.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

What is a key consideration when prescribing diltiazem to elderly patients?

Answer 11

Elderly patients may require a lower dosage due to increased sensitivity.

Question 12

Multiple choice: Which of the following medications can increase the effects of diltiazem? A) Rifampin B) Digoxin C) Antacids

Answer 12

B) Digoxin.

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action of diltiazem?

Answer 13

Diltiazem inhibits calcium ion influx across cardiac and smooth muscle cells.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: Diltiazem is often used in combination with ______ for better management of hypertension.

Answer 14

diuretics.

Question 15

What is the immediate-release formulation dosage for diltiazem?

Answer 15

The immediate-release formulation dosage can start at 30 mg, taken three times daily.

Question 16

True or False: Diltiazem is contraindicated in patients with severe hypotension.

Answer 16

True.

Question 17

What are the contraindications for diltiazem?

Answer 17

Contraindications include severe bradycardia, heart block, and hypotension.

Question 18

What is the effect of diltiazem on heart rate?

Answer 18

Diltiazem decreases heart rate by slowing conduction through the AV node.

Question 19

What is a potential interaction between diltiazem and grapefruit juice?

Answer 19

Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of diltiazem, leading to increased effects and side effects.

Question 20

What should be done if a dose of diltiazem is missed?

Answer 20

The missed dose should be taken as soon as remembered, but skip if close to the next dose.

Question 21

True or False: Diltiazem can cause constipation.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

What formulation of diltiazem is often used for once-daily dosing?

Answer 22

Extended-release formulation.

Question 23

What is an important patient education point regarding diltiazem?

Answer 23

Patients should be advised to avoid sudden discontinuation of diltiazem.

Question 24

What is the role of diltiazem in the management of angina?

Answer 24

Diltiazem reduces myocardial oxygen demand by lowering heart rate and contractility.

Question 25

What should be considered in patients with liver impairment when prescribing diltiazem?

Answer 25

Patients with liver impairment may require dosage adjustments due to altered metabolism.

Question 26

What class of medication is diltiazem?

Answer 26

Calcium channel blocker

Question 27

True or False: Diltiazem can interact with beta-blockers.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Diltiazem is primarily used to treat __________.

Answer 28

Hypertension and angina

Question 29

What effect does diltiazem have on heart rate?

Answer 29

It can decrease heart rate.

Question 30

List one food that should be avoided when taking diltiazem.

Answer 30

Grapefruit

Question 31

True or False: Diltiazem can increase the effects of digoxin.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What should be monitored regularly in patients taking diltiazem?

Answer 32

Blood pressure and heart rate

Question 33

Which laboratory value is important to monitor when a patient is on diltiazem?

Answer 33

Liver function tests

Question 34

True or False: Diltiazem can cause peripheral edema.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is a common side effect of diltiazem?

Answer 35

Dizziness

Question 36

Choose the correct statement: Diltiazem can increase the risk of hypotension when taken with __________.

Answer 36

Other antihypertensives

Question 37

What is the mechanism of action of diltiazem?

Answer 37

It inhibits calcium ions from entering cardiac and vascular smooth muscle.

Question 38

True or False: Diltiazem can be taken with food.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is the recommended nursing consideration when administering diltiazem?

Answer 39

Assess for signs of heart failure.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: Diltiazem should be used cautiously in patients with __________.

Answer 40

Severe hepatic impairment

Question 41

What should patients be advised regarding alcohol consumption while on diltiazem?

Answer 41

Limit or avoid alcohol.

Question 42

True or False: Diltiazem can be used in pregnancy.

Answer 42

False (it should be used cautiously and only if necessary)

Question 43

What is the potential interaction of diltiazem with statins?

Answer 43

Increased risk of statin toxicity.

Question 44

What is the significance of monitoring for bradycardia in patients taking diltiazem?

Answer 44

It may indicate excessive dosage or drug interactions.

Question 45

Which herbal supplement should be avoided when taking diltiazem?

Answer 45

St. John's Wort

Question 46

True or False: Diltiazem should not be abruptly discontinued.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

What is the effect of diltiazem on the coronary arteries?

Answer 47

It causes dilation of the coronary arteries.

Question 48

Fill in the blank: Diltiazem can be prescribed for __________.

Answer 48

Atrial fibrillation

Question 49

What is a serious side effect of diltiazem that requires immediate medical attention?

Answer 49

Severe allergic reactions

Question 50

True or False: Diltiazem is contraindicated in patients with a history of heart block.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

What should be done if a dose of diltiazem is missed?

Answer 51

Take it as soon as remembered unless it's close to the next dose.