Captopril Flashcards
What is the classification of captopril?
Captopril is classified as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
What is the typical adult dosage of captopril for hypertension?
The typical adult dosage of captopril for hypertension is 25 mg to 150 mg per day, divided into two or three doses.
What is the primary action of captopril?
Captopril works by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, leading to decreased production of angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.
Captopril is indicated for the treatment of which condition?
Captopril is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
True or False: Captopril can be used to treat diabetic nephropathy.
True.
What are common adverse effects of captopril?
Common adverse effects include cough, elevated potassium levels, hypotension, and rash.
Fill in the blank: Captopril can cause ________ as a serious adverse effect.
angioedema.
What should be monitored while a patient is on captopril?
Kidney function and serum potassium levels should be monitored.
Which two medications should be avoided in combination with captopril due to potential interaction?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and potassium supplements.
What is a key consideration when prescribing captopril to elderly patients?
Elderly patients may require lower doses due to increased sensitivity to blood pressure-lowering effects.
What is the mechanism by which captopril lowers blood pressure?
Captopril lowers blood pressure by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation.
True or False: Captopril is safe for use during pregnancy.
False.
What is the maximum recommended daily dose of captopril?
The maximum recommended daily dose of captopril is 450 mg.
What should be done if a patient experiences a persistent cough while on captopril?
Consider discontinuing captopril and switching to another antihypertensive medication.
What is the role of captopril in heart failure management?
Captopril is used to reduce symptoms of heart failure and improve survival in patients with reduced ejection fraction.
Fill in the blank: Captopril should be taken ________ to food to enhance absorption.
one hour.
What is the first-line use of captopril in diabetic patients?
Captopril is used to prevent or delay the onset of nephropathy in diabetic patients.
Which demographic is at a higher risk for adverse effects from captopril?
Patients with renal impairment.
What are the signs of angioedema that should be monitored in patients taking captopril?
Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing.
What lifestyle modification should accompany captopril therapy for hypertension?
Patients should be advised to follow a low-sodium diet.
True or False: Captopril can be used in conjunction with diuretics.
True, but caution is advised as it may increase the risk of hypotension.
What is a potential interaction of captopril with lithium?
Captopril may increase lithium levels and the risk of lithium toxicity.
What should be evaluated before starting captopril therapy?
Baseline blood pressure, renal function, and serum electrolytes should be evaluated.
Fill in the blank: Captopril is contraindicated in patients with a history of ________.
angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor therapy.
