Deck 8 Flashcards
pismo, magazyn
magazine
a thin book published every week or month, that has shiny, colourful pages with articles and pictures
“a fashion/news magazine”
sos
sauce
a hot or cold liquid that you put on food to add flavour
“mint sauce”,
“pasta with tomato sauce”
bardzo, wielce
highly
very or to a large degree
“a highly effective treatment”,
“It is highly unlikely that they will succeed.”
wysoko
highly
at a high level
“a highly paid worker”
wysoko kogoś/coś oceniać
highly
to have or express a very good opinion of someone or something
“The course is very highly thought of.”
dyscyplina
discipline
the control of people’s behaviour using rules and punishments
“There should be better discipline in schools.”
dyscyplina, samozaparcie
discipline
the ability to control your own behaviour carefully
“I don’t have enough discipline to save money.”
dyscyplina, dziedzina
discipline
a particular subject of study
“the scientific disciplines”
dyscyplinować, karać
discipline
to punish someone
“He was disciplined for missing a training session.”
narzucać dyscyplinę
discipline
to teach someone to behave in a controlled way
“You have to learn to discipline yourself.”
hej
hey
used to get someone’s attention or to show that you are interested, excited, angry, etc
“Hey, Helen, look at this!”,
“Hey, wait a minute!”
postawa, stosunek
attitude
how you think or feel about something and how this makes you behave
“a positive attitude “,
“He has a very bad attitude to/towards work.”
przeżyć, przetrwać
survive
to continue to live after almost dying because of an accident, illness, etc
“He was born with a heart problem and only survived ten days.”,
“No one survived the plane crash.”
przetrwać
survive
to continue to exist after being in a difficult or dangerous situation
“Only two buildings survived the earthquake.”
przeżyć
survive
If you survive someone, you continue to live after they have died.
kontrowersyjny
controversial
causing a lot of disagreement or argument
“a controversial decision/issue “
transport, komunikacja, przewóz
transportation
a vehicle or system of vehicles, such as buses, trains, etc for getting from one place to another
“Bicycles are an efficient and cheap form of transportation.”
przewóz, transport
transportation
the activity of moving people or goods from one place to another
“transportation costs”
wiara
faith
the belief that someone or something is good, right, and able to be trusted
“Have faith in me. I won’t let you down.”
wiara
faith
strong belief in a god or gods
“Throughout her illness, she never lost her faith in God.”
religia
faith
a religion
“the Jewish and Christian faiths”
w dobrej wierze
faith
If you act in good faith, you believe that what you are doing is good, honest, or legal.
“Mr Daniels claims the money was given to him in good faith.”
opór
resistance
If there is resistance to a change, idea, etc, people disagree with it and refuse to accept it.
“resistance to political change”
opór
resistance
If someone puts up resistance, they fight against someone who is attacking them.
“She didn’t put up much resistance .”
odporność
resistance
the ability of your body to not be affected by illnesses
“Cold weather may lower the body’s resistance to infection.”
oporność
resistance
the degree to which a substance prevents the flow of an electric current through it
opór
resistance
a force that makes something move slowly or stop
istnienie
existence
the state of existing
“She never doubted the existence of God.”,
“The theatre company that we started is still in existence today.”,
“When did the Football League come into existence (= begin to exist)?”
egzystencja
existence
a particular way of life
“We could have a much more peaceful existence in the countryside.”
wyzwanie
challenge
something that is difficult and that tests someone’s ability or determination
“Finding a decision that pleases everyone is the challenge which now faces the committee.”,
“It was the element of challenge which attracted me to the job.”
wyzwanie
challenge
an invitation to compete in a game or a fight
“I’m sure Paul will race you. He never refuses a challenge.”
wyzwanie, kwestionowanie
challenge
an expression of disagreement with ideas, rules, or someone’s authority
“a challenge to the authority of the President”
kwestionować
challenge
to express disagreement with ideas, rules, or someone’s authority
“The election results are being challenged.”
rzucać wyzwanie
challenge
to invite someone to compete in a game or fight
“He challenged Smith to a fight.”
zwolenni-k/czka
supporter
someone who supports a particular idea, group, or person
“a strong supporter of the government”
kibic
supporter
someone who likes a particular sports team and wants them to win
“English football supporters”
dotyczyć, wpływać na, szkodzić
affect
to influence someone or something, or cause them to change
“It’s a disease which affects many older people.”,
“The building was badly affected by the fire.”
poruszać, wzruszać
affect
to cause a strong emotion, especially sadness
“I was deeply affected by the film.”
ubrania , ubranie
clothes
items such as shirts and trousers that you wear on your body
“She was wearing her sister’s clothes.”,
“to put on/take off your clothes “
rozmawiać
talk
to say things to someone
“We were just talking about Simon’s new girlfriend.”,
“The teacher’s always telling him to stop talking.”,
“It was nice talking to you.”,
“It was nice talking with you.”
prowadzić rozmowy , negocjować
talk
to discuss something with someone, often to try to find a solution to a disagreement
“The two sides have agreed to talk.”
planować coś
talk
to think about or make plans to do something in the future
“They’re talking about building a new fire station just up the road.”
rozmawiać o interesach /polityce itp.
talk
to discuss a particular subject
“I don’t like to talk business over lunch.”
à propos czegoś , jak już jesteśmy przy czymś
talk
used when you are going to start talking about something that is related to what has just been said
“Talking of holidays, did you hear about Lesley’s skiing trip?”
rozmowa
talk
a conversation between two people, often about a particular subject
“I had a long talk with Chris at the weekend about going to university.”
mowa
talk
a situation in which people talk about what might happen or be true
“There’s been some talk of possible job losses.”,
“There’s been a lot of talk about green issues lately.”
pogadanka, wykład
talk
an occasion when someone speaks to a group of people about a particular subject
“Someone’s coming to the school to give a talk about road safety.”
imigrant/ka
immigrant
someone who comes to live in a different country
śliczny
lovely
pleasant or enjoyable
“We had a lovely day together.”,
“What lovely weather.”
uroczy
lovely
very attractive
“a lovely dress/house/village”,
“You look lovely!”
czyjaś wina
fault
If something bad that has happened is someone’s fault, they are responsible for it.
“She believes it was the doctor’s fault that Peter died.”
winny
fault
responsible for something bad that has happened
“I was at fault and I would like to apologize.”
wada
fault
something that is wrong with something or with someone’s character
“The car has a serious design fault.”,
“One of his faults is that he’s a bad loser.”
krytykować kogoś/coś , czepiać się kogoś/czegoś
fault
to criticize someone or something, especially without good reasons
uskok
fault
a place where the layers of rock under the surface of the Earth have broken and the pieces on either side can move
zarzucać coś, krytykować
fault
to find a reason to criticize someone or something
“I can’t fault the way that they dealt with the complaint.”
choroba
illness
a disease of the body or mind
“a serious/terminal illness “,
“He died at the age of 83 after a long illness.”
choroba
illness
the state of being ill
“Unfortunately I couldn’t go because of illness.”
ubezpieczenie
insurance
an agreement in which you pay a company money and they pay your costs if you have an accident, injury, etc
“car/travel insurance “,
“an insurance policy “
śnieg
snow
soft white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky when the weather is cold
“children playing in the snow”
pada śnieg
snow
If it snows, snow falls from the sky.
“It snowed all day yesterday.”
być zasypanym śniegiem
snow
to be unable to leave a place because there is too much snow
“We were snowed in for two days.”
próbować
try
to attempt to do something
“I tried to open the window but couldn’t.”,
“Try not to drop anything this time.”
próbować
try
to do, test, taste, etc something to discover if it works or if you like it
“I tried that recipe you gave me last night.”,
“He tried the door, but the handle was broken.”,
“Why don’t you try using a different shampoo?”
sądzić, osądzać
try
to examine facts in a court of law to decide if someone is guilty of a crime
“He was tried for attempted murder.”
próba
try
an attempt to do something
“She suggested I should have a try.”
spróbować czegoś
try
to do something in order to find out if it works or if you like it
przyłożenie (piłki )
try
a way of scoring points in rugby (= game played with an oval ball) by putting the ball on the ground behind the other team’s goal line
strata, marnotrawstwo
waste
a bad use of something useful, such as time or money, when there is a limited amount of it
“Meetings are a waste of time.”,
“They throw away loads of food - it’s such a waste.”,
“a waste of energy/resources”
odpady
waste
things that are not wanted, especially what remains after you have used something
“household/nuclear waste “
marnować się
waste
to not be used
“I hate to see good food go to waste.”
marnować, trwonić
waste
to use too much of something or use something badly when there is a limited amount of it
“I don’t want to waste any more time so let’s start.”,
“Why waste your money on things you don’t need?”
marnować się u kogoś , ≈ szkoda czegoś dla kogoś
waste
to be clever or of high quality in a way that someone will not understand or enjoy
“Good coffee is wasted on Joe - he prefers instant.”
zużyty, odpadowy
waste
Waste material is not now needed and can be got rid of.
“waste paper “
co
what
used to ask for information about something
“What’s this?”,
“What time is it?”,
“What happened?”
co
what
used to refer to something without naming it
“I heard what he said.”,
“Do you know what I mean?”,
“What I like most about her is her honesty.”
co
what
used when you have not heard what someone has said and you want them to repeat it. Some people think this use is not very polite.
"”Do you want a drink Tom?” “What?””
co
what
used to ask what someone wants when they call you
"”Hey Jenny?” “Yes, what?””
co za …
what
used to give your opinion, especially when you have strong feelings about something
“What a mess!”,
“What an awful day!”
a może …?, co sądzisz o …?
what
used to suggest something
“What about asking Martin to help?”
po co …?
what
used to ask about the reason for something
“What are you doing that for?”,
““We really need a bigger car.” “What for?””
a (co będzie) jak lub jeśli …?
what
used to ask about something that could happen in the future, especially something bad
“What if I don’t pass my exams?”
co ( komuś ) jest ?, co się ( komuś ) stało ?
what
used to ask why someone is unhappy or angry
“What’s up, Angie? You look troubled.”
wszystko przez, zważywszy na
what
used to talk about the reasons for a particular situation, especially a bad or difficult situation
“I’m tired, what with travelling all day yesterday and sleeping badly.”
co więcej
what
used to add something surprising or interesting to what you have just said
światło
light
the brightness that shines from the sun, from fire, or from electrical equipment, allowing you to see things
“bright/dim light “,
“fluorescent/ultraviolet light”,
“a beam/ray of light”,
“Light was streaming in through the open door.”
światło
light
a device that produces light
“car lights”,
“to switch/turn the light on”,
“They must be in bed - I can’t see any lights on anywhere.”
ogień
light
a flame from a match, etc used to make a cigarette start burning
“Have you got a light, please?”
podpalić coś
light
to make something start burning
w świetle czegoś
light
If something is done or happens in the light of facts, it is done or happens because of those facts.
“The drug has been withdrawn in the light of new research.”
lekki
light
not heavy
“light clothing/machinery”,
“I can carry both bags - they’re quite light.”
lekki
light
small in amount
“light rain/snow”,
“The traffic’s much lighter than I expected.”,
“I only had a light lunch.”
lekki
light
not strong or not forceful
“a light breeze”,
“a light embrace”
jasny
light
Light colours are pale.
“light brown/green”,
“a light blue cardigan”
lekki
light
easy to understand and not serious
“light entertainment “,
“I’m taking some light reading on holiday.”
bagatelizować coś
light
to talk or behave as if you do not think a problem is serious
“I just laughed and tried to make light of it.”
jest jasno
light
it is bright from the sun
“Let’s go now while it’s still light.”
zapalać (się)
light
to start to burn, or to make something start to burn
“to light a candle/cigarette/fire “,
“The wood was damp and wouldn’t light.”
oświetlać
light
to produce light somewhere so that you can see things
“The room was lit by a single light bulb.”,
“Burning buildings lit up the sky.”
duży
large
big in size or amount
"a large number of people", "a large amount of money", "Police discovered a large quantity of drugs in the van.", "She comes from quite a large family.", "The shirt was a bit too large."
być na wolności
large
If someone dangerous is at large, they are not in prison.
ogół kogoś/czegoś
large
people or things in general
“This group is not representative of the population at large.”
przystosowywać się
adapt
to change your behaviour so that it is suitable for a new situation
“It takes time to adapt to a new working environment.”
przystosowywać
adapt
to change something so that it is suitable for a different use or situation
“Courses have to be adapted for different markets.”
adaptować, przerabiać
adapt
to change a book or play so that it can be made into a film or television programme
“Both novels have been adapted for television.”
głównie
mostly
mainly or most of the time
“She reads mostly romantic novels.”
zeznawać
testify
to say what you know or believe is true in a law court
“Elliott testified that he had met the men in a bar.”
wciągać, angażować
engage
to interest someone in something and keep them thinking about it
“The debate about food safety has engaged the whole nation.”
zatrudniać, angażować
engage
to employ someone
“I have engaged a secretary to deal with all my paperwork.”
poza tym
otherwise
except for what has just been referred to
“She hurt her arm in the accident, but otherwise she was fine.”
inaczej, co innego
otherwise
different to what has just been stated
“It’s obvious they’re in love, so it’s silly of them to pretend otherwise.”,
“I’ll meet you there at 6 o’clock unless I hear otherwise.”,
“I’d like to help you with any problems, financial or otherwise.”
w przeciwnym razie
otherwise
used when saying what will happen if someone does not obey an order or do what has been suggested
“You’d better phone home, otherwise your parents will start to worry.”,
“He ought to pay the fine, otherwise he might go to prison.”
ciasteczko, herbatnik
cookie
a thin, flat cake that is dry and usually sweet
(plik) cookie, ciasteczko
cookie
a piece of information stored on your computer that contains information about Internet documents you have looked at
szczyt
summit
an important meeting between the leaders of two or more governments
“a two-day summit”,
“a summit meeting”
szczyt
summit
the top of a mountain
“The climbers hope to reach the summit before nightfall.”
oczekiwać, spodziewać się
expect
to think that something will happen
“He didn’t expect to see me.”,
“I expect that she’ll be very angry about this.”
oczekiwać na kogoś/coś , spodziewać się kogoś/czegoś
expect
to be waiting for someone or something to arrive
“We’ve been expecting you.”,
“I’m expecting a letter from my sister.”
oczekiwać, wymagać
expect
to think that someone should behave in a particular way or do a particular thing
“I expect punctuality from my students.”,
“You will be expected to work some weekends.”
pewnie, spodziewam się
expect
used to show that you think that something is likely to be true
“I expect Isabel’s told you about me?”,
““Will you be coming to the party?” “I expect so.””
spodziewać się (dziecka )
expect
to be going to have a baby
“I’m expecting my first baby in May.”
przerywać
pause
to stop doing something for a short time
“She paused for a moment and looked around her.”
sypialnia
bedroom
a room used for sleeping in
nosić, mieć na sobie
wear
to have a piece of clothing, jewellery, etc on your body
“I wear jeans a lot of the time.”,
“She wears glasses.”,
“I don’t usually wear make-up for work.”
mieć na twarzy
wear
to show a particular emotion on your face.
“He was wearing a smile/frown.”
czesać, nosić
wear
to arrange or grow your hair in a particular way
“She usually wears her hair in a ponytail.”
przecierać (się), zużywać (się)
wear
to become thin and damaged after being used a lot, or to make this happen
“The carpet is already starting to wear in places.”,
“He keeps wearing holes in his socks.”
zużycie
wear
damage that happens to something when it is used a lot
“The furniture is already showing signs of wear.”
użytek
wear
how much you wear a piece of clothing
“These clothes are not for everyday wear.”
być w kiepskim stanie
wear
to be in a bad state or condition
“He looked a little the worse for wear this morning.”
odzież
wear
used at the end of words that describe a particular type of clothes
“menswear/swimwear”
inwestor
investor
someone who puts money in a bank, business, etc in order to make a profit
dostosować, dopasować, ustawiać
pitch
to make something suitable for a particular level or group of people
“His talk was pitched at slightly too high a level for the audience.”
zachwalać, reklamować
pitch
to try to persuade someone to do something
“She pitched the idea to me over lunch.”,
“They are pitching for new business at the moment.”
rzucać kimś/czymś /się gdzieś , runąć
pitch
to suddenly move in a particular direction, or to make someone or something suddenly move in a particular direction
“He braked too hard and the car pitched forward.”,
“She pitched the stone into the river.”
rozbijać namiot
pitch
to choose a place for a tent and put it there
miotać, rzucać, grać na pozycji miotacza
pitch
in baseball, to throw the ball towards the person who is going to hit it
“He used to pitch for the Chicago White Sox.”
stroić, dobierać wysokość dźwięku
pitch
to make sound at a particular level
“The tune was pitched much too high for me.”
