Deck 2 Flashcards
rada, Rada
council
a group of people who are elected to control a town, city, or area
“Edinburgh City Council”,
“a council meeting”
rada, Rada
council
a group of people who are elected or chosen to give advice or make decisions
“the Medical Research Council”
budynek/mieszkanie komunaln-y/e
council
in the UK a house or flat that is owned by a city or town council and rented to people
fabuła
plot
the things that happen in a story
“I don’t like movies with complicated plots.”
spisek
plot
a plan to do something bad
“a plot to blow up the embassy”
działka
plot
a piece of land, often for growing food or for building on
“a building plot”
knuć, spiskować
plot
to plan to do something bad
“They plotted to bring down the government.”,
“He fired all those accused of plotting against him.”
wykreślać, nanosić
plot
to make marks on a map, picture, etc to show the position or development of something
“This chart plots the position of all aircraft.”
wzrokowy, wizualny
visual
relating to seeing
“The film has some powerful visual effects.”
opierać się
resist
to stop yourself from doing something that you want to do
“I can’t resist chocolate.”,
“I just can’t resist reading other people’s mail.”
opierać się
resist
to refuse to accept something and try to stop it from happening
“The President is resisting calls for him to resign.”
stawiać opór
resist
to fight against someone or something that is attacking you
“British troops resisted the attack for two days.”
przedsięwzięcie
venture
a new activity that may not be successful
“a business venture “
odważyć się wejść/wyjść itp.
venture
to leave a safe place and go somewhere that may involve risks
“If the snow stops I might venture out.”
zaryzykować, odważyć się, ośmielić się
venture
to be brave enough to say something that might be criticized
“I didn’t dare venture an opinion.”
budować
build
to make something by putting materials and parts together
“build a house/wall”,
“The bridge is built of steel and aluminium.”,
“They’re starting to build on that stretch of land.”
budować
build
to create and develop something over a long time
“They have built a solid friendship over the years.”
budowa
build
the size and shape of a person’s body
“He’s of medium build with short brown hair.”
składać się na, ≈ składać się z
compose
to be the parts that something consists of
“The committee was composed of elected leaders and citizens.”
komponować
compose
to write a piece of music
uspokoić się
compose
to make yourself calm again after being angry or upset
“He needed some time to compose himself.”
układać
compose
to write a speech, letter, etc, thinking carefully about the words to use
“Laura was composing a letter of sympathy.”
przedstawiciel, dealer
dealer
a person or company that buys and sells things for profit
“a car dealer “,
“a drug dealer “
rozdający
dealer
a person who gives out cards to players in a game
zbiorowy
collective
involving, felt by, or owned by everyone in a group
“collective responsibility”
spółdzielnia
collective
a business that is owned and controlled by the people who work in it
porozumiewać się, przekazywać
communicate
to share information with others by speaking, writing, moving your body, or using other signals
“We can now communicate instantly with people on the other side of the world.”,
“Has the news been communicated to the staff yet?”
dogadywać się, wyrażać
communicate
to talk about your thoughts and feelings, and help other people to understand them
“He can’t communicate with his parents.”
lekcja
lesson
a period of time when a teacher teaches people
“The best way to improve your game is to take lessons.”,
“She gives French lessons.”,
“Lessons start at 9 a.m.”
lekcja
lesson
an experience that teaches you how to behave better in a similar situation in the future
“My parents made me pay back all the money, and it was a lesson I never forgot.”
arabski
Arab
relating or belonging to the people of the Middle East or North Africa whose families came from Arabia in the past
“Arab countries”
kryzys
crisis
a situation or time that is extremely dangerous or difficult
“an economic/financial crisis”,
“The country’s leadership is in crisis.”
córka
daughter
your female child
gonić
chase
to run after someone or something in order to catch them
“The dog was chasing a rabbit.”
odpędzać kogoś/coś , odganiać kogoś/coś
chase
to run after a person or animal to make them leave a place
“I chased the cat away.”
polować na
chase
to try very hard to get something
“There are hundreds of graduates chasing very few jobs.”
pościg
chase
an occasion when you go after someone or something quickly in order to catch them
“a high speed car chase “
ruszyć w pościg
chase
to go after someone or something quickly in order to catch them
okres
period
a length of time
“a 24-hour period”,
“a period of four months”
godzina (lekcyjna), część
period
one of the equal parts of time that a school day or sports game is divided into
okres, miesiączka
period
the time each month when blood comes out of a woman’s uterus
kropka
period
a mark (.) used at the end of a sentence, or to show that the letters before it are an abbreviation
reagować, odpowiadać
respond
to say or do something as an answer or reaction to something that has been said or done
“The government has responded by sending food and medical supplies to the region.”,
“How quickly did the police respond to the call?”
reagować
respond
to improve as the result of a particular medical treatment
“She’s responding well to drug treatment.”
kopia
copy
something that is made to look exactly like something else
“Always make copies of important documents.”
egzemplarz
copy
a single book, newspaper, etc of which many have been produced
“a copy of the New York Times”,
“Four million copies of the book were sold in the first year.”
kopiować
copy
to produce something that is similar or exactly the same as something else
“Copy the file onto disk.”,
“The design was copied from the American model.”
naśladować
copy
to behave like someone else
“He likes to copy his older brother.”
odpisywać
copy
to cheat by looking at and using someone else’s work
“She copied his answers.”
więź
bond
an interest, experience, or feeling that makes two people feel connected
“A love of opera created a bond between them.”
obligacja
bond
an official document from a government or company to show that you have given them money that they will pay back with a certain amount of extra money
wiązanie
bond
the way two atoms are joined together in a chemical compound
wiązać
bond
If two things bond, they stick together, or if you bond them, you make them stick together.
“This glue bonds wood and metal in seconds.”
wytwarzać więź
bond
to develop a strong relationship with someone
“Physical contact helps a mother bond with her baby.”
specjalist-a/ka
specialist
someone who has a lot of experience, knowledge, or skill in a particular subject
“a cancer/software specialist”,
“He’s a specialist in childhood illnesses.”,
“specialist advice/help”
wyrobiony
sophisticated
well-educated and having experience of the world or knowledge of culture
skomplikowany
sophisticated
A sophisticated machine or system is very advanced and works in a clever way.
“a sophisticated computer system”
kwadrat
square
a shape with four equal sides and four 90° angles
plac
square
an open area with buildings around it, often in the centre of a town
“Trafalgar Square”
kwadrat, druga potęga
square
a number that results from multiplying a number by itself
“The square of 3 is 9.”
kwadratowy, kanciasty
square
having the shape of a square
“a square room”,
“He has broad shoulders and a square jaw.”
centymetr/metr/mila itp. kwadratow-y/a
square
the area of a square with sides that are a centimetre/metre/mile, etc long
“3000 square feet of office space”
2/3/4 itp. do kwadratu
square
2/3/4, etc multiplied by itself
“Four squared is sixteen.”
reklama
advertising
the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services
“an advertising agency “,
“She works in advertising.”
biologiczny
biological
relating to the study of living things such as plants and animals
“biological sciences”
biologiczny
biological
using living things or poisons made from living things
“biological weapons”
brytyjski
British
relating to Great Britain or the United Kingdom
Brytyjczycy
British
the people of Great Britain or the United Kingdom
uczestniczyć
participation
to be involved with other people in an activity
“She rarely participates in any of the discussions.”
porównywać
compare
to examine the ways in which two people or things are different or similar
“The teachers are always comparing me with/to my sister.”
wypadać
compare
to be as good as something else
“This product compares well with more expensive brands.”
w porównaniu do kogoś/czegoś /z kimś/czymś
compare
used when saying how one person or thing is different from another
“This room is very tidy compared to mine.”
sofa, kanapa
couch
a long, comfortable piece of furniture that two or more people can sit on
być napisanym lub wyrażonym jakoś
couch
to be expressed in a particular way
“His explanation was couched in technical language.”
telewizor
television
a piece of equipment, with a screen on the front, used for watching programmes
“Richard switched the television on.”
telewizja
television
the programmes that are shown on a television
“I mostly watch television in the evening.”,
“I saw it on television.”,
“a television programme “
telewizja
television
the system or business of making and broadcasting programmes for television
“She works in television.”,
“a television company/network”
odwracać się
turn
to move your body so that you are facing a different direction
“Ricky turned and saw Sue standing in the doorway.”
skręcać
turn
to change direction when you are moving, or to make a car do this
“Turn left at the traffic lights.”,
“I turned the car into the drive.”
odwracać
turn
to move something round so that it faces a different direction
“Ella turned the cup to hide the crack in it.”
obracać (się)
turn
to move around a central point in a circle, or to make something do this
“Turn the steering wheel as quickly as you can.”
sinieć/stygnąć/kwaśnieć itp.
turn
to become blue, cold, etc
“The sky turned black and it started to rain.”
skończyć 16/21 itp. lat
turn
to become a particular age
“He turned 18 last May.”
przewracać kartkę lub stronę
turn
to move a page in a book or magazine in order to see the next one
kolej
turn
the time when you can or must do something, usually before or after someone else
“It’s your turn to feed the rabbit - I did it yesterday.”,
“You’ll have to be patient and wait your turn.”
zmieniać się
turn
If two or more people take turns, one person does something, then another person does something, etc.
“They all took turns carrying the suitcase.”,
“The children took it in turns to hold the baby.”
kolejno, po kolei
turn
one after another
“He spoke to the three boys in turn.”
skręt
turn
a change in the direction in which you are moving or facing
“a right/left turn “
zakręt
turn
a bend or corner in a road, river, etc
“Take the next turn on the right.”
rozwój wydarzeń
turn
the way in which a situation develops, especially a sudden or unexpected change
zmieniać się na lepsze /gorsze
turn
to become better or worse suddenly
zrobić komuś przysługę
turn
to do something to help someone
przełom wieku
turn
the start of a new century
cotygodniowy, co tydzień
weekly
happening once a week or every week
“a weekly newspaper”,
“We’re paid weekly.”
amerykański
American
relating to the United States of America
“an American accent”
północnoamerykański/południowoamerykański
American
relating to one or more of the countries of North/South America
“the North American Free Trade agreement”
konkurs, rywalizacja
contest
a competition or election
zaskarżyć, odwołać się od
contest
to say formally that something is wrong or unfair and try to have it changed
“Mr Hughes went back to court to contest the verdict.”
walczyć o
contest
to compete for something
twórczy
creative
good at thinking of new ideas or using imagination to create new and unusual things
“Her book is full of creative ways to decorate your home.”
wieś, wioska
village
a place where people live in the countryside that includes buildings such as shops and a school but which is smaller than a town
“She lives in a small village outside Oxford.”,
“a village shop”
zwyczajny, zwykły
ordinary
not special, different, or unusual in any way
“ordinary life”,
“an ordinary day”,
“I had a very ordinary childhood.”
zwykły
ordinary
Ordinary people are not rich or famous and do not have special skills.
“ordinary people/citizens”,
“an ordinary man/woman”
niezwykły
ordinary
unusual or different
“Their relationship was a little out of the ordinary.”,
“The investigation revealed nothing out of the ordinary.”
aktualny, obecny, bieżący
currently
happening or existing now
“What is your current address?”,
“the current issue of Newsweek magazine”
prąd
currently
the natural flow of air or water in one direction
“a current of air”,
“dangerous/strong currents”
prąd
currently
the flow of electricity through a wire
“an electrical current”
żałować, że nie …, szkoda, że nie …, woleć, żeby …
wish
to want a situation that is different from the one that exists
“I wish that I didn’t have to go to work.”,
“I wish he would leave.”,
“I wish I had been there.”
życzyć sobie lub chcieć coś zrobić
wish
to want to do something
“I wish to speak to the manager.”
życzyć komuś szczęścia /sukcesów itp.
wish
to say that you hope someone will be lucky/successful, etc
“I wished him luck for his test.”
niestety nie!, ba!
wish
used to say that you would like something to be true although you know it is not true
"”Have your exams finished yet?” “I wish!””
życzenie
wish
what you want to do or what you want to happen
“The hospital always tries to respect the wishes of its patients.”,
“I have no wish to travel the world.”
życzenie
wish
something that you say secretly to yourself about what you want to have or happen
“She closed her eyes and made a wish.”
pozdrowienia
wish
something you say or write at the end of a letter, to show that you hope someone is happy and has good luck
“Please give her my best wishes when you see her.”
publiczność, widownia
audience
the people who sit and watch a performance at a theatre, cinema, etc
“There were a lot of children in the audience.”
publiczność, odbiorcy
audience
the type of people who watch a particular TV show, read a particular book, etc
“This magazine is aimed at a teenage audience.”
audiencja
audience
a formal meeting with an important person
“an audience with the Queen”
dziesięć minut /sześć lat /dawno temu
ago
used to refer to a time in the past
“They moved to New York ten years ago.”,
“I went to China a long time ago.”
bawełna
cotton
cloth or thread that is produced from the cotton plant
“a cotton shirt/dress”
bawełna
cotton
a plant that produces a soft, white substance used for making thread and cloth
wata
cotton
a soft mass of cotton, usually used for cleaning your skin
określać, ustalać
determine
to discover the facts or truth about something
“The doctors are still unable to determine what is wrong.”
decydować, rozstrzygać
determine
to decide what will happen
“Her exam results will determine which university she goes to.”
wiara, przekonanie
belief
something that you believe is true or real
“It is a widely-held belief that smoking helps you lose weight.”,
“She married him in the belief that he would change.”
przekonanie, wierzenie
belief
an idea that you are certain is true
“religious/political beliefs “
wiara
belief
the feeling that someone or something is effective or right
“a belief in social justice”