Deck 6 Flashcards
garść
handful
the amount of something that you can hold in one hand
garstka czegoś
handful
a small number of people or things
“Only a handful of people came to the meeting.”
niezłe ziółko
handful
someone who is difficult to control, especially a child
“Daisy’s only three and she’s quite a handful.”
wyposażenie, sprzęt
equipment
the things that are used for a particular activity or purpose
“kitchen/office equipment”,
“electrical equipment (= equipment that uses electricity) “
przyrząd, narzędzie
equipment
a tool or object used for a particular activity or purpose
Przyimek of w wielu przypadkach nie ma odrębnego tłumaczenia; najczęściej of plus rzeczownik tłumaczy się rzeczownikiem w dopełniaczu, np. kolor jej włosów itp.
of
belonging or relating to someone or something
“a friend of mine”,
“the colour of her hair”,
“part of the problem”
-
of
used after words that show an amount
“a kilo of apples”,
“both of us”,
“a handful of raisins”,
“They sell 31 flavours of ice cream - enough to satisfy everyone!”
-
of
used with numbers, ages, and dates
“a boy of six”,
“a decrease of 10%”,
“the 14th of February 2012”
-
of
containing
“a glass of milk”,
“sacks of rubbish”
z
of
made or consisting of
“dresses of lace and silk”
z niektórymi czasownikami, przymiotnikami
of
used to connect particular adjectives and verbs with nouns
“frightened of spiders”,
“smelling of garlic”
-
of
showing someone or something
“a map of the city”
na
of
showing a reason or cause
“He died of a heart attack.”
od
of
showing position or direction
“the front of the queue”,
“a small town north of Seattle”
-
of
used after nouns describing actions or feelings to mean ‘done to’ or ‘experienced by’
“the destruction of the rain forest”,
“the suffering of millions”
-
of
written or made by
“the collected works of William Shakespeare”
południe
south
the direction that is on your right when you face towards the rising sun
południe
south
the part of an area that is further towards the south than the rest
fasolka, fasola
bean
a seed of some climbing plants, that is used as food
“soya beans”
fasolka, fasola
bean
a part of some climbing plants that contains the seeds and is eaten as a vegetable
“green beans”
ziarnko (kawy)
bean
a plant seed used to make coffee and chocolate
“coffee beans”
rozkładać coś gdzieś
spread
to arrange something so that it covers a large area
“He spread the cards out on the table.”
rozkładać
spread
to arrange for something to happen over a period of time and not at once
“The payments will be spread over two years.”
rozprzestrzeniać się, rozszerzać się
spread
to increase, or move to cover a larger area or affect a larger number of people
“The smoke soon spread into all the rooms in the house.”,
“The virus is spread by rats.”
smarować, rozsmarowywać
spread
to move a soft substance across a surface so that it covers it
“hot buttered toast spread with strawberry jam”,
“He spread a thin layer of glue on the paper.”
rozchodzić się, rozpowszechniać
spread
If information spreads or if someone spreads it, it is communicated from one person to another.
“News of his death spread quickly.”
rozprzestrzenianie się
spread
the degree to which something moves to cover a larger area or affect a larger number of people, or the fact of doing this
“They are looking for ways to slow down the spread of the disease.”
pasta
spread
a soft food that you put on bread
“cheese spread”
rozkładówka
spread
an article that covers one or more pages of a newspaper or magazine
“a double-page spread”
czapka
cap
a hat with a flat, curved part at the front
“a baseball cap”
zakrętka, kapturek
cap
a small lid that covers the top or end of something
ukoronować, uwieńczyć
cap
to be the last and the best or worst event in a series of events
“The party capped a wonderful week.”
ograniczać
cap
to put a limit on an amount of money that can be borrowed, charged, etc
“The interest rate has been capped at 5%.”
zwieńczać, pokrywać
cap
to cover the top of something
“The mountains were capped with snow.”
bohater/ka
hero
someone who does something brave or good that people respect or admire them for
“He became a national hero for his part in the revolution.”
bohater
hero
the main male character in a book or film who is usually good
“the hero of her new novel”,
“For once he plays the hero in the movie.”
zakładać
assume
to think that something is likely to be true, although you have no proof
“Everything was quiet when I got home so I assumed that you had gone out.”
obejmować kontrolę /władzę /przyjmować odpowiedzialność itp.
assume
to take a position of control/power/responsibility, etc
“He has assumed the role of spokesman for the group.”
przybierać postawę /minę
assume
to pretend to have a feeling that you do not have
występować pod przybranym nazwiskiem
assume
to pretend to be someone else
“an assumed name”
przemysł
industry
the production of goods in factories
“heavy industry”
przemysł
industry
all the companies involved in a particular type of business
“the entertainment industry”
kieszeń
a small bag that is sewn or fixed onto or into a piece of clothing, a bag, the back of a seat, etc
“a coat/shirt/trouser pocket”,
“He was asked to empty his pockets.”,
“Safety instructions are in the pocket on the seat in front of you.”
zakątek, obszar
a small area or small amount of something that is different from what is around it
“There was real poverty in some pockets of the country.”,
“small pockets of air trapped inside the glass”
kieszeń
the amount of money that you have for spending
“I shouldn’t have to pay for travel out of my own pocket (= with my own money).”
być do tyłu
to have less money than you should have because you have paid for something
“The travel company cancelled our trip and we were left hundreds of pounds out of pocket.”
przywłaszczyć sobie
to take something, especially money, which does not belong to you
“His plan was to pocket the money from the sale of the business and leave the country.”
schować do kieszeni
to put something in your pocket
“Juan pocketed the knife and walked away.”
kieszonkowy
small enough to fit in your pocket
“a pocket dictionary”
twój, wasz
yours
the things that belong or relate to the person or people you are talking to
“Is this pen yours?”,
“Our tent’s smaller than yours.”
z poważaniem
yours
used just before your name at the end of a polite or formal letter
mówiący te słowa
yours
I or me
noc
night
the time in every 24 hours when it is dark and people usually sleep
“I didn’t get any sleep last night.”,
“It’s warm during the day, but it can get quite cold at night.”,
“The phone rang in the middle of the night.”,
“Did you hear that storm during the night?”,
“We stayed up almost all night talking.”,
“Tim’s working nights this week.”
wieczór
night
the period from the evening to the time when you go to sleep
“Did you have a good time last night?”,
“Are you doing anything on Friday night?”
wieczór, noc
night
used to describe the hours from the evening until just after 12 midnight
“They’re open from 7 in the morning until 10 o’clock at night.”
wcześnie/późno się położyć
night
to go to bed early/late
“We had a bit of a late night last night.”
wyjście, wieczór poza domem
night
an evening spent away from home doing something enjoyable
“a night out at the theatre”
Dobranoc!
night
You say ‘Good night’ to someone who is going to bed.
“Good night, sleep well.”
raz
once
one time
“It’s only snowed once or twice this year.”,
“I go swimming once a week (= one time every week).”
kiedyś
once
in the past, but not now
“This house once belonged to my grandfather.”
jeszcze raz, znowu
once
again
“Once again I’m left with all the washing up.”
nagle
once
suddenly
“All at once he stood up and walked out of the room.”
od razu , natychmiastna raz
once
immediatelyat the same time
“I knew at once that I would like it here.”,
“They all started talking at once.”
raz na jakiś czas, czasem, czasami
once
sometimes but not often
“He plays tennis once in a while.”
raz na zawsze
once
If you do something once and for all, you do it now so that it does not have to be dealt with again.
“Let’s get to the bottom of this matter once and for all!”
jeszcze raz
once
one more time
“If you say that once more, I’m going to leave.”
chociaż raz, tym razem
once
used to mean that something is happening that does not usually happen
“For once, I think I have good news for him.”
dawno (dawno) temu, pewnego razu
once
used at the beginning of a children’s story to mean that something happened a long time ago
jak tylko, kiedy
once
as soon as
“Once I’ve found somewhere to live, I’ll send you my new address.”,
“We’ll send your tickets once we’ve received your cheque.”
skarżyć się, uskarżać się, narzekać, składać reklamację
complain
to say that something is wrong or that you are annoyed about something
“Lots of people have complained about the noise.”,
“He’s always complaining that nobody listens to him.”
gdziekolwiek, (= z przeczeniem) nigdzie
anywhere
in or to any place
“Just sit anywhere.”,
“I couldn’t find a post office anywhere.”
gdzieś, (= z przeczeniem) nigdzie
anywhere
used in questions and negatives to mean ‘a place’
“He doesn’t have anywhere to stay.”,
“Can you find anywhere to hang your coat?”,
“Is there anywhere else you’d like to visit while you’re here?”
choć trochę, (= z przeczeniem) ani trochę
anywhere
used in questions and negatives to mean ‘close to being or doing something’
“The house isn’t anywhere near ready.”
grób
grave
a place in the ground where a dead body is buried
“She visits his grave every day.”
poważny
grave
very serious
“grave doubts “,
“a grave mistake “
ćwiczenie (fizyczne ), ruch, aktywność fizyczna
exercise
physical activity that you do to make your body strong and healthy
“Swimming is my favourite form of exercise.”,
“Let’s do some stretching exercises to start with.”
ćwiczenie
exercise
a piece of written work that helps you learn something
“For your homework, please do exercise 3 on page 24.”
działanie
exercise
an activity that is intended to achieve a particular thing
“The whole point of the exercise was to get people to share their ideas.”,
“a team-building exercise.”
ćwiczenie
exercise
a set of actions that a group of soldiers do to practise their skills
“The cadets are out on military exercises.”
wykorzystanie
exercise
the use of something such as a power or right
ćwiczyć
exercise
to do physical activities to make your body strong and healthy
“I try to exercise every day.”
korzystać z
exercise
to use a power, right, or ability
“You should always exercise your right to vote.”
personel, pracownicy
staff
the people who work for an organization
“The report included doctors, nurses, and other hospital staff.”,
“The company has a staff of over 500 employees.”,
“Please talk to a member of staff.”
obsadzać
staff
to provide workers for an organization
“The charity was staffed by volunteers.”
aresztować
arrest
If the police arrest someone, they take them away to ask them about a crime that they might have committed.
“He was arrested for possession of illegal drugs.”
aresztowanie
arrest
an occasion when the police take someone away to ask them about a crime that they might have committed
“Police made 20 arrests at yesterday’s demonstration.”,
“He’s under arrest (= has been arrested).”
tolerancyjny, liberalny
liberal
accepting beliefs and behaviour that are new or different from your own
“a liberal attitude “,
“Her parents were very liberal.”
liberalny
liberal
Liberal political ideas emphasize the need to make new laws as society changes and the need for government to provide social services.
się, siebie, sobie, sobą
ourselves
the reflexive form of the pronoun ‘we’
“We’ve promised ourselves a holiday abroad this year.”
sami , samemu
ourselves
used for emphasis with the pronoun ‘we’ or when referring to yourself and at least one other person
“John and I arranged the wedding reception ourselves.”
(całkiem) sami , samemu, samodzielnie
ourselves
alone or without anyone else’s help
“It’s a big garden but we manage to look after it by ourselves.”
(tylko) dla siebie
ourselves
for our use only
“We arrived early and had the swimming pool all to ourselves.”
jest/są/były itp.
there
used to show that something exists or happens
“There are three girls in my family.”,
“There’s not much room in the back of the car.”,
“There have been a lot of accidents on this road.”,
“Is there any milk?”
tam
there
in or at a particular place
“We live in York because my wife works there.”,
“I went to the party but I didn’t know anyone there.”,
“We’ll never get there (= arrive) in time!”
tam
there
used when you are pointing or looking at something in order to make someone look in the same direction
“Put them in that box there.”,
“Your bag’s over there by the door.”
tam
there
present or available
“They were all there - Mark, Jill, and the three kids.”,
“That money is there for you if you need it.”
w tym lub tamtym miejscu lub momencie , teraz
there
at a particular point in a process or activity
“Do you want to play another game or do you want to stop there?”,
“Keep on trying - you’ll get there (= succeed) in the end.”
z miejsca , natychmiast
there
If you do something there and then, you do it immediately.
“I showed James the ring I liked and he bought it there and then.”
proszę (bardzo)A widzisz ?
there
used when you are giving something to someoneused to emphasize that you were right
“Do you want a tissue? There you are.”,
“There you go - I told you you’d win!”
żonaty, zamężna, małżeński
married
A married man or woman has a wife or husband.
“a married couple “,
“She’s been married to David for nearly ten years.”,
“As far as I know, they’re very happily married. “
pobierać się
married
to begin a legal relationship with someone as their husband or wife
“We got married last year.”
nieprzerwany, ciągły
continued
still happening, existing, or done
“his continued success”
turyst-a/ka
tourist
someone who visits a place for pleasure and does not live there
wiosna
spring
the season of the year between winter and summer, when the weather becomes warmer and plants start to grow again
“I’m starting a new course in the spring.”,
“spring flowers/weather”
sprężyna
spring
a piece of metal that curves round and round and that returns to its original shape after being pushed or pulled
“bed springs”
źródło
spring
a place where water comes out of the ground
“hot springs”
skok
spring
a sudden movement or jump somewhere
odskoczyć/skoczyć/wyskoczyć itp.
spring
to jump or move somewhere suddenly
“The cat sprang onto the sofa.”,
“I tried to shut the door, but it kept springing open.”
ożywać, budzić się do życia
spring
to suddenly become very active
“After about 8 o’clock, the city springs to life.”
przychodzić do głowy
spring
If a word or idea springs to mind, you suddenly think of it.
“He asked if I knew any good places to go, but nothing sprang to mind.”
postęp, postępy
progress
development and improvement of skills, knowledge, etc
“slow/rapid progress “,
“technological progress”,
“He has made good progress in French this year.”
w toku
progress
happening or being done now
“Quiet please - Exams in progress.”
postęp
progress
movement towards a place
rozwijać się
progress
to improve or develop in skills, knowledge, etc
“Technology has progressed rapidly in the last 100 years.”
postępować
progress
to continue gradually
“I began to feel more relaxed as the evening progressed.”
polityk
politician
someone who works in politics, especially a member of the government
“Churchill was a distinguished politician.”
porcelana
Chinese
the hard substance that plates, cups, bowls, etc are made from
“a china teapot”
porcelana, naczynia
Chinese
cups, plates, bowls, etc that are made from china
“My parents only use the best china when we have visitors.”
Chiny
Chinese
a country in Asia
ciekawy
curious
wanting to know or learn about something
“I was curious about his life in India.”,
“I was curious to know what would happen next.”
dziwny
curious
strange or unusual
“The house was decorated in a curious style.”
pod, poniżej
beneath
under something, or in a lower position than something
“He hid the letter beneath a pile of papers.”,
“She looked out of the window at the children playing beneath.”
poniżej godności
beneath
If someone or something is beneath you, you think they are not good enough for you.
“He thinks housework is beneath him.”
dzielnica, okolica, sąsiedztwo
neighborhood
an area of a town or city that people live in
“I grew up in a very poor neighbourhood.”,
“Are there any good restaurants in the neighbourhood (= in this area)?”
wydarzenie
event
something that happens, especially something important or unusual
“Local people have been shocked by recent events in the town.”
impreza
event
a race, party, competition, etc that has been organized for a particular time
“a social/sporting event “
ostatecznie, końcem końców
event
used to emphasize what did happen when it was not what you had expected
“In the event, we didn’t need the extra money.”
w razie czegoś
event
if something happens
“An airbag could save your life in the event of an accident.”
w każdym razie , tak czy siak
event
whatever happens
“I’m not sure if I’m coming on Friday, but in any event, I’ll see you next week.”
licznik, miernik, przyrząd pomiarowy
meter
a piece of equipment for measuring the amount of something such as electricity, time, or light
“a gas/water meter”,
“a parking/taxi meter”
-
meter
US spelling of metre
złocisty
golden
being a bright yellow colour
“bright golden hair”
złoty
golden
made of gold or like gold
“a golden ring”
życiowa szansa
golden
a very exciting and good opportunity
nominacja
nomination
the act of officially suggesting a person for a job or their work for a prize
“to seek/win a nomination “,
“He won the Democratic nomination for mayor of Chicago.”,
“She has just received her fourth Oscar nomination.”
nominacja, kandydatura
nomination
the choice of someone for a job or to do something
“They did everything they could to defeat his nomination to be surgeon general.”
obyczaj, zwyczaj
custom
a habit or tradition
klienci , klientela, obroty
custom
people who buy things from shops or businesses
“Free gifts are a good way of attracting custom.”
na (indywidualne ) zamówienie
custom
used before another word to mean ‘specially designed for a particular person or purpose’
“custom-built”,
“custom-designed”
potwierdzać
confirm
to say or show that something is true
“The report could not be confirmed independently.”,
“His wife confirmed that he’d left the house at 8.”
potwierdzać
confirm
to make an arrangement certain
“Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.”
mieć bierzmowanie, zostać konfirmowanym
confirm
to become a member of the Christian Church at a special ceremony
zmartwiony
worried
anxious because you are thinking about problems or unpleasant things that might happen
“She’s really worried about her son.”,
“I’m worried that she’ll tell Maria.”
srebro
silver
a valuable, shiny, grey-white metal used to make coins and jewellery (symbol Ag)
“silver and gold”,
“a solid silver ring”
srebra
silver
objects made of silver
srebro
silver
a silver medal (= a small, round disc given to someone for finishing second in a race or competition)
srebrny
silver
made of silver
“a silver coin”,
“a silver necklace”
srebrny, srebrzysty
silver
being the colour of silver
“a silver sports car”,
“red, green, and silver Christmas decorations”
(język) angielski
English
the language that is spoken in the UK, the US, and in many other countries
“American/British English”,
“Do you speak English?”
Anglicy
English
the people of England
angielski, (języka ) angielskiego
English
relating to the English language
“an English teacher”
angielski
English
relating to England
“English law”
plamka, kropka
spot
a small, round mark that is a different colour to the surface it is on
“a blue shirt with white spots”,
“I noticed a small spot of oil on my jacket.”
pryszcz
spot
an unpleasant, small, red mark on your skin
“He suffered badly with spots as a teenager.”
miejsce
spot
a place
“We found a good spot to sit and have our picnic.”,
“The town is a popular tourist spot.”
odrobina czegoś
spot
a small amount of something
“a spot of lunch/shopping”
z miejsca na miejscu
spot
immediatelyin the place where something happens
“I accepted the job on the spot.”,
“The police were called and they were on the spot within three minutes.”
zauważać, spostrzegać
spot
to see or notice something or someone
“They were spotted together in London last week.”,
“She soon spotted the mistake.”
sięgać gdzieś , sprawdzać gdzieś
refer
to read something in order to get information
“Please refer to your owner’s manual for more information.”
