Deck 12 Flashcards
korzyść, zaleta
advantage
something good about a situation that helps you
“One of the advantages of living in town is having the shops so near.”
przewaga
advantage
something that will help you to succeed
“These new routes will give the airline a considerable advantage over its competitors.”,
“By half time we had a 2-0 advantage (= were winning by two points).”,
“If we could start early it would be to our advantage (= help us to succeed).”
korzystać z czegoś , wykorzystywać coś
advantage
to use the good things in a situation
“I thought I’d take advantage of the sports facilities while I’m here.”
wykorzystywać kogoś/coś
advantage
to treat someone badly in order to get what you want
pomarańczowy
orange
being a colour that is a mixture of red and yellow
“a deep orange sunset”
pomarańcza
orange
a round, sweet fruit with a thick skin and a centre that is divided into many equal parts
“orange juice”
(kolor) pomarańczowy
orange
a colour that is a mixture of red and yellow
napój lub sok pomarańczowy
orange
a drink made with oranges
“Would you like some orange?”
normalny
normal
usual, ordinary, and expected
“to lead a normal life “,
“It’s perfectly normal to feel some degree of stress at work.”,
“It’s normal for couples to argue now and then.”,
“That’s a fairly normal weight for someone of your height.”,
“Now that trains are running again things are back to normal.”
kredyt
credit
a way of buying something in which you arrange to pay for it at a later time
“We offer interest-free credit on all new cars.”,
“He bought most of the furniture on credit.”
uznanie
credit
praise that is given to someone for something they have done
“I did most of the work but Dan got all the credit!”,
“We should give her credit for her honesty.”,
“I can’t take full credit for this meal - Sam helped.”
być chlubą kogoś/czegoś
credit
to do something that makes a person or organization proud of you
“Giorgio is a credit to his family.”
trzeba przyznać, że …, trzeba kogoś pochwalić (za to, że) …, dzięki komuś
credit
If something is to someone’s credit, they deserve praise for it.
“To his credit, Bill never blamed her for the incident.”
mieć coś na koncie
credit
to have achieved something
“By the age of 25, she had five novels to her credit.”
wypłacalny
credit
having money in your bank account
wpłata
credit
an amount of money that you put into your bank account
punkt, zaliczenie
credit
a unit that shows you have completed part of a college course
wpłacać
credit
to add money to someone’s bank account
dawać wiarę
credit
to believe that something is true
“Dean’s getting married! Who would have credited it?”
autobus
bus
a large vehicle that carries passengers by road, usually along a fixed route
“a school bus”,
“I’ll go home by bus.”
wchłaniać
absorb
If a substance absorbs a liquid, it takes it in through its surface and holds it.
“The fabric absorbs all the moisture, keeping your skin dry.”
być pochłoniętym czymś
absorb
to give all your attention to something that you are doing
“Simon was so absorbed in his computer game, he didn’t notice me come in.”
przyswajać sobie
absorb
to understand and remember facts that you read or hear
“It’s hard to absorb so much information.”
wchłaniać się
absorb
If something is absorbed into something else, it becomes part of it.
“The drug is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.”
(opłata za) wstęp
admission
the money that you pay to enter a place
“Art exhibition - admission free.”
przyznanie się
admission
the act of agreeing that you did something bad, or that something bad is true
“She is, by her own admission, lazy.”,
“His departure was seen by many as an admission of guilt.”
przyjęcie, wstęp
admission
permission to enter somewhere or to become a member of a club, university, etc
“She’s applied for admission to law school.”
talerz
plate
a flat, round object that is used for putting food on
“a dinner plate “,
“a plate of biscuits”
płyta, proteza
plate
a flat piece of metal or glass
“I had a metal plate put in my knee after the accident.”
pozłacany/posrebrzany metal
plate
metal with a thin layer of gold or silver on top
rycina
plate
a picture in a book
płyta
plate
one of the large pieces of rock that form the surface of the Earth
ciemny, ≈ ciemno
dark
with no light or not much light
“It’s a bit dark in here.”,
“It doesn’t get dark until 9 o’clock in the evening.”
ciemny
dark
nearer to black than white in colour
“dark blue/green”,
“dark clouds”,
“He has dark hair and blue eyes.”
ciemnowłosy, ciemnoskóry
dark
having black or brown hair or brown skin
“a short, dark woman with glasses”
ponury
dark
frightening or unpleasant
“a dark period in human history”
ciemność
dark
somewhere where there is no light
“I don’t like going out alone in the dark.”,
“He’s scared of the dark.”
przed zmrokiem /po zmroku
dark
before/after it becomes night
“She doesn’t let her children out after dark.”
dwanaście
twelve
the number 12
zainteresowanie
interest
the feeling of wanting to give attention to something or discover more about it
“Mark had an interest in the media and wanted to become a journalist.”,
“After a while he simply lost interest in (= stopped being interested) his studies.”,
“Bindi felt that her father didn’t take much of an interest in her (= he was not very interested).”
zainteresowanie
interest
something you enjoy doing, studying, or experiencing
“We share a lot of the same interests, particularly music and football.”
odsetki
interest
the extra money that you must pay to a bank, company, etc which has lent you money
“low interest rates “
odsetki
interest
the money you earn from keeping your money in a bank account
zainteresowanie
interest
a quality that makes you think something is interesting
“Would this book be of any interest to you?”,
“The tour offers a chance to visit places of interest.”
interes
interest
something that gives someone or something an advantage
“A union looks after the interests of its members.”
być w czyimś interesie
interest
to help someone and give them an advantage
“It may not be in your interests to change jobs so soon.”
w interesie czegoś , w imię czegoś
interest
in order to achieve a particular situation or quality
“In the interest of safety, passengers are advised to wear their seat belts at all times.”
udział
interest
the legal right to own or receive part of a building, company, profits, etc
interesować
interest
If someone or something interests you, you want to give them your attention and discover more about them.
“History doesn’t really interest me.”
Irak
Iraqi
a country in Asia
wieszać, powiesić, wisieć
hang
to fasten something so that the top part is fixed but the lower part is free to move, or to be fastened in this way
“He hung his coat on the hook behind the door.”
powiesić, zginąć na szubienicy
hang
to kill someone by putting a rope around their neck and making them drop, or to die in this way
“The poor woman tried to hang herself with her sheet.”
wisieć
hang
to stay in the air for a long time
“Thick fog hung over the town.”
nauczyć się czegoś
hang
to gradually learn how to do or use something
dowód
proof
a fact or a piece of information that shows something exists or is true
“She showed us her passport as proof of her identity.”,
“My landlord has asked for proof that I’m employed.”
-odporny
proof
used at the end of words to mean ‘protecting against’ or ‘not damaged by’
“a bulletproof vest”,
“a waterproof jacket”
wygrać
win
to get the most points in a competition or game, or the most votes in an election
“Barcelona won the game 6-0.”,
“Who do you think will win the election?”
wygrać
win
to be successful in a war, fight, or argument
“Protesters have won their battle to stop the road being built.”
wygrać
win
to get a prize in a game or competition
“He won $500.”,
“She won a gold medal at the Olympics.”
zdobyć (sobie) poparcie/szacunek/wsparcie itp.
win
to get approval/respect/support, etc because of your skill and hard work
“Her plans have won the support of many local people.”
ktoś jest bez szans
win
used to say that nothing someone does in a situation will succeed or please people
“Whatever I do seems to annoy her - I just can’t win.”
wygrana, zwycięstwo
win
an occasion when someone wins a game or competition
“The Jets have only had three wins this season.”
przedpokój, hol
hall
a room or passage in a building, which leads to other rooms
“I left my coat and umbrella in the hall.”
sala, audytorium
hall
a large room or building where meetings, concerts, etc are held
“the Albert Hall”,
“The disco will be held in the school hall.”
ruch
traffic
the cars, trucks, etc using a road
“Traffic is heavy (= there are a lot of cars, etc) in both directions.”,
“a traffic accident “,
“Sorry we’re late - we got stuck in traffic.”
ruch
traffic
the planes or ships moving around an area
“air traffic control”
(nielegalny) handel
traffic
the illegal buying and selling of goods, such as drugs, weapons, etc
“the traffic in illegal drugs”
siedzieć
sit
to be in a position with the weight of your body on your bottom and the top part of your body up, for example, on a chair
“Emma was sitting on a stool.”,
“The children sat at the table by the window.”,
“We sat by the river and had a picnic.”
siadać
sit
to move your body into a sitting position after you have been standing
“She came over and sat beside him.”,
“She sat down on the grass.”
posadzić kogoś gdzieś
sit
to make someone sit somewhere
“She sat me down and told me the bad news.”,
“I thought we’d sit the children at the end of the table.”
stać
sit
to stay in one place for a long time and not be used
“He hardly ever drives the car. It just sits in the garage.”
obradować
sit
If a court, parliament, etc sits, it has a meeting to do its work.
“The board will be sitting next week.”
zdawać
sit
to take a test or exam
“The changes will affect many students sitting their exams this summer.”
etyka
ethics
ideas and beliefs about what type of behaviour is morally right and wrong
“a code of ethics “,
“the ethics of genetic engineering”
odległy
distant
far away in space or time
“distant galaxies”,
“the distant sound of traffic”,
“We hope to see you in the not too distant future.”
daleki
distant
A distant relative is not very closely related to you.
“a distant cousin”
obojętny, zdystansowany
distant
not friendly
“She seemed cold and distant.”
uśmiechać się
smile
to make a happy or friendly expression in which the corners of your mouth curve up
“She smiled at me.”
uśmiech
smile
a happy or friendly expression in which the corners of your mouth curve up
“He gave me a big smile and wished me good luck.”,
““I passed my driving test,” she said with a smile.”
myśleć, uważać
think
to have an opinion about something or someone
“Do you think it’s going to rain?”,
“I don’t think that Emma will get the job (= I believe she will not get it).”,
“What did you think of the film?”,
“What do you think about modern art?”
myśleć, zastanawiać się
think
to consider an idea or a problem
“He thought for a few seconds before answering.”,
“You should think about where you want to live.”
myśleć
think
to believe that something is true, or to expect that something will happen, although you are not sure
“I think she’s called Joanna.”,
““Does this train stop at Oxford?” “Yes, I think so.””,
“I never thought that I would see Steven again.”
myśleć o czymś
think
to consider doing something
“I’m thinking of moving to Sydney.”,
“We thought about getting married, but decided not to.”
myśleć o kimś/czymś
think
to use your mind to imagine a situation
“I’m sorry I can’t be at the wedding, but I’ll be thinking of you.”
wymyślić coś
think
to use your imagination and intelligence to produce an idea, a solution to a problem, or an answer to a question
“When did you first think of the idea?”,
“I need to think of a suitable response to this letter.”
mieć o kimś/czymś dobre zdanie
think
to admire someone, or to believe that something is good quality
“Simon thinks a lot of you, you know.”
nie lubić kogoś/czegoś , nie mieć o kimś/czymś najlepszego zdania
think
to not like someone, or to believe that something is not good quality
“I don’t think much of the food here.”
myślę , że, wydaje mi się, że
think
used to introduce a suggestion or explanation in order to be polite
“It’s getting late - I think that we should go.”
(i) kto by pomyślał , że …?
think
used to express how surprising something is
“Who would have thought that buying a house could take so long!”
zastanawiać się
think
to consider something carefully
“Have a think about it and then tell me what you’ve decided.”
znany, znajomy
familiar
easy to recognize because of being seen, met, heard, etc before
“It’s nice to see a few familiar faces (= people that I recognize) around here.”,
“This street doesn’t look familiar to me.”
znać coś , znać się na czymś
familiar
to know about something or have experienced it many times before
“Anyone who’s familiar with his poetry will find the course easy.”
poufały
familiar
friendly and very informal
“He doesn’t like to be too familiar with his staff.”
wymiana
exchange
an occasion when you give something to someone and they give you something else
“an exchange of ideas/information “,
“They were given food and shelter in exchange for work.”
wymiana
exchange
an arrangement by which students and teachers from one country go to stay with students and teachers in another
“Janet has happy memories of going on an exchange to France.”
wymiana zdań
exchange
a short conversation or argument
“There were angry exchanges between the police and demonstrators.”
wymieniać
exchange
to give something to someone and receive something similar from them
“It’s traditional for the two teams to exchange shirts after the game.”
wymieniać
exchange
to take something back to the shop where you bought it and change it for something else
“Could I exchange this shirt for a larger size?”
wymieniać spojrzenia /uśmiechy /zamieniać słowa itp.
exchange
If two people exchange looks, smiles, words, etc, they look at each other/smile at each other/talk to each other, etc.
“The couple opposite us sat through the whole meal without exchanging a word.”
gotówka
cash
money in the form of coins or notes (= paper money)
“I’m taking 100 euros in cash.”,
“Are you paying by cheque or cash?”
gotówka
cash
money in any form
“She’s short of cash at the moment.”,
“a cash prize”
zrealizować czek
cash
to exchange a cheque (= piece of paper printed by a bank and used to pay for things) for coins or paper money
“Where can we cash our traveller’s cheques?”
przewoźnik, transporter
carrier
a person, vehicle, or machine that transports things from one place to another
nosiciel/ka
carrier
a person who has a disease that they can give to other people without suffering from it themselves
linia lotnicza , przewoźnik
carrier
a company that operates aircraft
prześcieradło, pościel
sheet
a large piece of cloth put on a bed to lie on or under
“a double fitted sheet”,
“to change the sheets”
kartka papieru /szyba/arkusz blachy itp.
sheet
a flat piece of paper/glass, etc
“a sheet of yellow paper”
kultura
culture
the habits, traditions, and beliefs of a country, society, or group of people
“American/Japanese culture”,
“It’s a good opportunity for children to learn about other cultures.”
kultura
culture
music, art, theatre, literature, etc
“popular culture”
hodowla, kultura
culture
the process of growing things, especially bacteria, for scientific purposes, or the bacteria produced by this process
ekonomia
economics
the study of the way in which trade, industry, and money are organized
sprawiedliwy, uczciwy, w porządku
fair
treating everyone in the same way, so that no one has an advantage
“a fair trial “,
“That’s not fair. You always go first!”
sprawiedliwy, uczciwy, w porządku
fair
acceptable or right
“a fair deal”,
“We’d like to move abroad, but it’s just not fair on the children.”
jasny
fair
having pale skin or a light colour of hair
“a boy with fair hair and blue eyes”
spora ilość/odległość/wielkość itp.
fair
quite a large amount, distance, size, etc
“There’s still a fair bit of work to be done on the house.”
pogodny
fair
sunny and not raining
“Tomorrow will be fair, with some early morning frost.”
przyzwoity, niezły
fair
not very good but not very bad
“He has a fair chance of winning.”
w porządku
fair
used to say that you agree, or think that something is acceptable
"”He’ll only work on Sunday if he gets paid extra.” “Fair enough.””
wesołe miasteczko
fair
an event outside where you can ride large machines for pleasure and play games to win prizes
targi, targ
fair
an event where people show and sell goods or services relating to a particular business or hobby
“a trade fair “
postępować uczciwie
fair
to do something in a fair and honest way
styczność, kontakt, ekspozycja
exposure
a situation in which someone experiences something or is affected by it because they are in a particular situation or place
“There is a risk of exposure to radiation.”,
“Many young children now have exposure to computers in the home.”
zdemaskowanie, ujawnienie
exposure
a situation in which something bad that you have done is made public
“She was threatened with exposure by a journalist.”
wychłodzenie organizmu
exposure
a serious medical condition that is caused by being outside in very cold weather
“He died of exposure while trying to climb Mount Everest.”
klatka
exposure
a single photograph on a piece of film
“This film has 24 exposures.”
napaść
assault
an attack
“an assault on a police officer”,
“sexual assault “
pełny
full
If a container or a space is full, it contains as many things or people as possible or as much of something as possible.
“We couldn’t get in, the cinema was full.”,
“The shelves were full of books.”,
“The bottle was still nearly full.”
pełny
full
containing a lot of things or people or a lot of something
“The room was full of people.”,
“His face was full of anger.”,
“Don’t speak with your mouth full.”
pełny, cały
full
complete and including every part
“Please give your full name and address.”,
“I don’t think that we’ve heard the full story yet.”
pełna szybkość/cała siła/maksymalna głośność itp.
full
the greatest speed/strength/volume, etc possible
“We were driving at full speed.”,
“UK She got full marks in the test.”
być zadufanym w sobie
full
to think that you are very important
żyć czymś
full
to be talking or thinking a lot about a particular thing
“He’s full of stories about his trip.”
pełny, najedzony
full
having eaten enough food
“No more for me, thanks, I’m full.”
pełna twarz/figura
full
a face or body shape that is large and round
w całości
full
completely and with nothing missing
“The speech will be published in full in tomorrow’s newspaper.”,
“He paid the bill in full.”
w (całej ) pełni
full
as much or as well as possible
“She certainly lived life to the full.”
zdrowy
healthy
physically strong and well
“Sue is a normal healthy child.”
zdrowy
healthy
good for your health
“a healthy diet “
zdrowy
healthy
successful and strong
“a healthy economy “
szorstki, nierówny
rough
A rough surface is not smooth.
“rough hands”,
“rough ground”
przybliżony, orientacyjny
rough
approximate
“a rough estimate “,
“Can you give me a rough idea of the cost?”
wzburzony, gwałtowny
rough
If the sea or weather is rough, there is a lot of strong wind and sometimes rain.
“The boat sank in rough seas off the Swedish coast.”
kiepski, podły
rough
sick
“I feel a bit rough after last night.”
trudny
rough
difficult or unpleasant
“She’s having a rough time at work.”
niebezpieczny, brutalny
rough
dangerous or violent
“a rough part of town”,
“Hockey can be quite a rough game.”
pobieżny, schematyczny
rough
quickly done and not perfect
“These are just rough sketches.”
mieszkać/spać gdzie popadnie lub pod mostem
rough
to live and sleep outside because you have nowhere else to live
żyć po spartańsku , żyć w prymitywnych warunkach
rough
to live in a way that is simple and not comfortable
blisko, niedaleko, koło, w pobliżu
near
not far away in distance
“Could you come a bit nearer, please?”,
“I stood near the window.”,
“They live in a small village near the Danish border.”,
“Are you going anywhere near the post office?”
być bliskim czegoś , prawie coś zrobić
near
to almost achieve or do something
“This is the nearest I’ve ever got to winning anything.”,
“He came near to punching him.”
prawie, bliski
near
If something or someone is near a particular state, they are almost in that state.
“She looked near exhaustion.”,
“Climbing that mountain is near impossible without ropes.”,
“She was near to tears (= almost crying) when I told her.”
blisko, niedaleko
near
not far away in time
“She shouldn’t be partying so near her exams.”,
“We can decide nearer the time.”
bliski
near
similar
“The feelings I had were near hysteria.”,
“He is Russia’s nearest thing to a rock legend.”
ani trochę nie, nawet w przybliżeniu nie, daleki od
near
not close in distance, amount, time, or quality
“It wasn’t me - I was nowhere near him.”,
“That’s nowhere near enough for six people.”,
“It was nowhere near as difficult as I thought it would be.”
