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UK PLAN > Deck 1 > Flashcards

Deck 1 Flashcards

1
Q

konserwatywny

A

conservative

not trusting sudden changes or new ideas

“Older people tend to be very conservative.”

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2
Q

ostrożna ocena

A

conservative

a guess about a number or amount that is probably lower than the true number or amount

“At a conservative guess, I’d say there were about 100 people there.”

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3
Q

konserwatyst-a/ka

A

conservative

someone who supports the Conservative Party in the UK

“the Conservative candidate/MP”

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4
Q

przesuwać się/ coś , wsuwać się/ coś , ślizgać się

A

slide

to move smoothly over a surface, or to make something move smoothly over a surface

“He likes sliding on the ice.”,
“He slid the letter into his pocket.”

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5
Q

wślizgnąć/wyślizgnąć/prześlizgnąć itp. się/coś

A

slide

to move somewhere quietly, or to make something move quietly

“She slid out of the room, being careful not to wake Alan.”

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6
Q

slajd, przezrocze

A

slide

a small piece of film that you shine light through in order to see a photograph

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7
Q

zjeżdżalnia

A

slide

a large object that children climb and slide down as a game

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8
Q

preparat, szkiełko (podstawowe )

A

slide

a small piece of glass that you put something on when you want to look at it under a microscope (= equipment used to make things look bigger)

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9
Q

spadek

A

slide

a reduction in the level or quality of something

“a price slide”

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10
Q

góra

A

mountain

a very high hill

“to climb a mountain “,
“a mountain range “

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11
Q

góra

A

mountain

a large pile of something

“There’s a mountain of papers on my desk.”

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12
Q

dziecko

A

child

a young person who is not yet an adult

“an eight-year-old child”,
“How many children are there in your class?”

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13
Q

dziecko

A

child

someone’s son or daughter, also when they are adults

“Both our children have grown up and moved away.”

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14
Q

reklama, ogłoszenie

A

ad

an advertisement

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15
Q

n.e. (= = naszej ery)

A

ad

abbreviation for Anno Domini: used to show that a particular year came after the birth of Christ

“1066 AD”

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16
Q

łapać

A

catch

to stop someone or something that is moving through the air by getting hold of it

“Try to catch the ball.”,
“She fell backwards but he caught her in his arms.”

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17
Q

złapać

A

catch

to find and stop a person or animal who is trying to escape

“He ran after his attacker but couldn’t catch him.”,
“Did you catch many fish today?”

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18
Q

ująć, schwytać

A

catch

If the police catch a criminal, they find them and take them away.

“These terrorists must be caught.”

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19
Q

złapać, dostać

A

catch

to get an illness or disease

“I think I’ve caught a cold.”

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20
Q

złapać

A

catch

to get on a bus, train, etc in order to travel somewhere

“You can catch the bus from the top of the hill.”

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21
Q

przyłapać

A

catch

to discover someone who is doing something wrong or something secret

“I caught her listening outside the door.”,
“You won’t catch me wearing (= I never wear) a tie.”

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22
Q

zaczepić się

A

catch

to stick somewhere, or to make something stick somewhere

“My dress caught on the door handle as I was leaving.”

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23
Q

łapać

A

catch

to collect something that is falling

“I used a bucket to catch the drips.”

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24
Q

załapać się na

A

catch

to manage to be in time to see or do something

“I only caught the end of the programme.”

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25
Q

dosłyszeć, zrozumieć

A

catch

to hear or understand something correctly

“I’m sorry. I didn’t catch your name.”

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26
Q

zająć się ogniem

A

catch

to start burning

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27
Q

nie uciec

A

catch

to be unable to avoid something unpleasant

“I got caught in the rain.”

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28
Q

złapać opaleniznę

A

catch

to burn your skin in the sun

“You’ve caught the sun on your shoulders.”

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29
Q

dostrzec

A

catch

to see something suddenly, often only for a short time

“He caught sight of himself in the mirror.”

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30
Q

trafić

A

catch

to hit something or someone

“The ball flew across the garden, and caught me on the chin.”

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31
Q

chwyt

A

catch

the act of catching something that is moving through the air

“a brilliant catch”

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32
Q

połów

A

catch

the amount of fish that someone has caught

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33
Q

kruczek

A

catch

a hidden problem or difficulty with something

“He’s offering us a free flight? There must be a catch.”

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34
Q

zapadka

A

catch

a part on something that fastens it and keeps it closed

“a safety catch “

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35
Q

zabierać, przynosić, przyprowadzać

A

bring

to take someone or something with you when you go somewhere

“Did you bring an umbrella with you?”,
“He brought me some flowers.”

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36
Q

przynosić szczęście/pokój/wstyd itp.

A

bring

to cause happiness/peace/shame, etc

“Money does not always bring happiness.”

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37
Q

nie móc zmusić się do zrobienia czegoś

A

bring

to not be willing to do something because it is so unpleasant

“He couldn’t bring himself to talk to her.”

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38
Q

kategoria

A

category

a group of people or things of a similar type

“Our customers fall into two main categories: retired people and housewives.”

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39
Q

zachowanie

A

conduct

the way someone behaves

“a code of conduct (= rules about how to behave) “

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40
Q

prowadzenie czegoś , przeprowadzenie czegoś

A

conduct

the way someone organizes or does something

“He was criticized for his conduct of the inquiry.”

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41
Q

przeprowadzać

A

conduct

to organize or do something

“They’re conducting a survey.”

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42
Q

dyrygować

A

conduct

to stand in front of a group of musicians and control their performance

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43
Q

przewodzić

A

conduct

If a substance conducts electricity or heat, it allows electricity or heat to go through it.

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44
Q

zachowywać się

A

conduct

to behave in a particular way

“She conducted herself with great dignity.”

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45
Q

zaprowadzić

A

conduct

to lead someone to a place

“I was conducted to a side room.”

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46
Q

konsekwencja

A

consequence

the result of an action or situation, especially a bad result

“The ship capsized, with disastrous consequences.”,
“If you make him angry, you’ll have to suffer the consequences.”

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47
Q

mało ważny/bez znaczenia

A

consequence

not important

“The money was of little consequence to Tony.”

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48
Q

jak

A

like

similar to or in the same way as someone or something

“I wish I were slim like you.”,
“They were acting like children.”,
“He looks like his father.”,
“It sounded like Harry.”

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49
Q

Jaki/e ktoś/coś jest?

A

like

something you say when you want someone to describe someone or something

“I haven’t met him - what’s he like?”,
“So what’s your new dress like?”

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50
Q

Mądre to było?

A

like

used when someone has said or done something silly

“You’ve bought another jacket? What are you like?”

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51
Q

podobny do, typowy dla

A

like

If behaviour is like someone, it is typical of the way that they behave.

“It’s just like Anita to miss her train.”,
“It’s not like Tim to be late.”

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52
Q

(taki) jak

A

like

for example

“She looks best in bright colours, like red and pink.”

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53
Q

lubić

A

like

to enjoy something or feel that someone or something is pleasant

“Most kids like playing computer games.”,
“I like to paint in my spare time.”,
“He really likes her.”,
“What do you like about him?”

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54
Q

nie lubić lub nie chcieć czegoś robić

A

like

to not usually do something because you think it is wrong

“I don’t like to criticize her too much.”

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55
Q

≈ chciałbym itp. coś

A

like

to want something

“I’d like to think about it.”,
“I’d like some chips with that, please.”

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56
Q

może (chcesz ) …?

A

like

used to offer someone something

“Would you like a drink?”,
“Would you like to eat now?”

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57
Q

jeśli chcesz lub nalegasz jeśli chcesz

A

like

used to say ‘yes’ when someone suggests a planused when you offer someone something

"”Shall I come?” “If you like.””,
“If you like I could drive you there.”

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58
Q

Jak ci się podoba ktoś/coś ?

A

like

used to ask someone for their opinion

“How do you like my new shoes?”

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59
Q

(tak) jak

A

like

in the same way as

“Do it exactly like I told you to.”

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60
Q

(tak) jakby, jak gdyby

A

like

as if

“He acted like he didn’t hear me.”

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61
Q

taki jak, coś podobnego

A

like

someone or something that is similar to someone or something else

“Economists are predicting a depression, the like of which the world has never seen.”

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62
Q

i tym podobne

A

like

and similar things

“There’s a gym that they use for dance and aerobics and the like.”

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63
Q

czyjeś upodobania , czyjeś sympatie i antypatie

A

like

the things that someone likes and does not like

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64
Q

-podobny, -kształtny

A

like

changes a noun into an adjective meaning ‘typical of or similar to’

“childlike trust”,
“a cabbage-like vegetable”

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65
Q

przedsiębiorstw/a

A

corporate

relating to a large company or group

“corporate finance”

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66
Q

spuścizna, dziedzictwo

A

legacy

a situation that was caused by something from an earlier time

“The war has left a legacy of hatred.”

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67
Q

spadek

A

legacy

money or buildings, etc that you receive after someone dies

“On the death of his father, he received a small legacy.”

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68
Q

czołowy

A

leading

very important or most important

“They’re the world’s leading manufacturer of audio equipment.”,
“He’s a leading Hollywood producer.”

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69
Q

słoneczny

A

solar

relating to, or involving, the sun

“a solar eclipse”,
“solar panels “

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70
Q

częsty, normalny, powszechny

A

common

happening often or existing in large numbers

“Injuries are common in sports such as hockey.”

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71
Q

wspólny

A

common

belonging to or shared by two or more people or things

“a common goal/interest “,
“English has some features common to many languages.”

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72
Q

żadna tajemnica, fakt ogólnie znany

A

common

something that a lot of people know

“It’s common knowledge that he spent time in jail.”

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73
Q

pospolity, zwyczajny

A

common

not special in any way

“The herbs all have common names and Latin names.”

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74
Q

prostacki, pospolity

A

common

typical of a low social class

“My mum thinks dyed blonde hair is really common.”

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75
Q

mieć coś wspólnego

A

common

to share interests, experiences, or other characteristics with someone or something

“Sue and I don’t have much in common.”

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76
Q

podobnie jak ktoś/coś

A

common

in the same way as someone or something

“In common with many working mothers, she feels guilty towards her children.”

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77
Q

błonia

A

common

a large area of grass in a town or village that everyone is allowed to use

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78
Q

tragedia, nieszczęście

A

tragedy

an event or situation that is very sad, often involving death

“the tragedy of their daughter’s death”

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79
Q

tragedia

A

tragedy

a play with a sad end

“a Greek tragedy”

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80
Q

gotowanie

A

cooking

the activity of preparing or cooking food

“I do most of the cooking.”

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81
Q

kuchnia

A

cooking

a style of preparing food

“vegetarian/French cooking”

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82
Q

sufit

A

ceiling

the surface of a room that you can see when you look above you

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83
Q

pułap

A

ceiling

a limit on the amount that can be paid for something

“They have set a ceiling on pay rises.”

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84
Q

wirus

A

virus

an infectious organism too small to be seen that causes disease, or an illness that it causes

“The doctor says I’ve got a virus.”

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85
Q

wirus

A

virus

a program that is secretly put onto a computer in order to destroy the information that is stored on it

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86
Q

popierać

A

advocate

to express support for a particular idea or way of doing things

“I certainly wouldn’t advocate the use of violence.”

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87
Q

zwolenni-k/czka

A

advocate

someone who supports a particular idea or way of doing things

“He has always been an advocate of stricter gun controls.”

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88
Q

adwokat/ka

A

advocate

a lawyer who defends someone in court

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89
Q

dosłownie

A

literally

having the real or original meaning of a word or phrase

“They were responsible for literally millions of deaths.”

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90
Q

dosłownie

A

literally

used to emphasize what you are saying

“He missed that kick literally by miles!”

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91
Q

definicja

A

definition

an explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase

“a dictionary definition”

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92
Q

ostrość

A

definition

how clear an image of something is in a photograph or on a screen

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93
Q

pozycja

A

standing

Your standing is the opinion that other people have of you.

“Last week’s speech has improved the Prime Minister’s standing in the polls.”

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94
Q

stały

A

standing

permanent and not only created when necessary

“a standing committee”,
“He has a standing invitation to stay at our house.”

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95
Q

pośmiewisko

A

standing

a situation that a group of people often make jokes about

“The poor quality of his work has become a standing joke in the office.”

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96
Q

chłopiec

A

boy

a male child or young man

“We have three children - a boy and two girls.”

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97
Q

koledzy

A

boy

a group of male friends

“Steve’s gone out with the boys.”

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98
Q

kurczę!

A

boy

used when you are excited or pleased

“Boy, that was good!”

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99
Q

widz, telewidz

A

viewer

someone who watches a television programme

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100
Q

krew

A

blood

the red liquid that flows around your body

“a blood test/sample”

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101
Q

krew

A

blood

the family or place that you come from

“There’s Spanish blood in me.”

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102
Q

≈ mieć coś we krwi

A

blood

If something is in your blood, you and other people in your family are interested in it or good at it.

“Sailing is in my blood.”

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103
Q

budowa

A

construction

the work of building houses, offices, bridges, etc

“railway construction”,
“construction work”

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104
Q

budowla, konstrukcja

A

construction

something large that is built

“a large steel construction”

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105
Q

budowa

A

construction

The construction of a sentence or phrase is the way the words are arranged.

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106
Q

celebryt-a/ka, sława

A

celebrity

a famous person

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107
Q

pojęcie, koncepcja

A

concept

an idea or principle

“the concept of free speech”

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108
Q

klinika

A

clinic

a place where people go for medical treatment or advice

“an eye/skin clinic”

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109
Q

hałas, odgłos, dźwięk

A

noise

a sound, often a loud, unpleasant sound

“a deafening/loud noise”,
“Stop making so much noise!”,
“I could hear a hissing noise.”,
“The engine’s making funny noises.”,
“There is some background noise on the recording.”,
“I had to shout above the noise of the party.”

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110
Q

różny coś/ktoś

A

variety

many different types of things or people

“Ben has done a variety of jobs.”

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111
Q

odmiana

A

variety

a different type of something

“a new variety of potato”

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112
Q

urozmaicenie

A

variety

a lot of different activities, situations, people, etc

“I need more variety in my life.”

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113
Q

zwykły, zwyczajny

A

usual

normal and happening most often

“I went to bed at my usual time.”,
“This winter has been much colder than usual.”

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114
Q

jak zwykle

A

usual

in the way that happens most of the time

“As usual, Ben was the last to arrive.”

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115
Q

program, kanał

A

channel

a television or radio station (= broadcasting company)

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116
Q

kanał

A

channel

a long, narrow passage for water or other liquids to flow along

“an irrigation channel”

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117
Q

kanał, droga

A

channel

a way of communicating with people or getting something done

“a channel of communication “,
“Please make your request through the proper channels.”

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118
Q

kanał La Manche

A

channel

the narrow area of water between England and France

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119
Q

kanał

A

channel

a part of a river or sea that is deep and wide enough for ships to travel along

“a navigable channel”

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120
Q

prowadzić, kierować

A

channel

to direct water along a particular route

“The waste water is channelled through this pipe.”

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121
Q

kierować

A

channel

to use money or energy for a particular purpose

“We’ve channelled all our resources into this project.”

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122
Q

dziecko, niemowlę

A

baby

a very young child

“a baby girl/boy”,
“baby clothes”,
“Liz has had a baby.”,
“Maria’s expecting a baby (= she is pregnant).”

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123
Q

młode

A

baby

a very young animal

“a baby bird”

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124
Q

dane

A

data

information or facts about something

“financial data”

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125
Q

dane

A

data

information in the form of text, numbers, or symbols that can be used by or stored in a computer

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126
Q

mieć lub dawać prawo, kwalifikować (się), ≈ przysługiwać

A

qualify

If you qualify for something, you are allowed to do it or have it, and if something qualifies you for something, it allows you to do it or have it.

“To qualify for the competition, you must be over 18.”,
“His disability qualifies him for extra benefits.”

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127
Q

zdobyć dyplom lub kwalifikacje

A

qualify

to pass exams so that you are able to do a job

“He’s recently qualified as a doctor.”

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128
Q

zakwalifikować się, awansować

A

qualify

to succeed in getting into a competition

“Nigeria were the first team to qualify for the World Cup.”

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129
Q

uściślać

A

qualify

to add something to what you say to make its meaning less certain

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130
Q

rytm

A

rhythm

a regular, repeating pattern of sound

“You need a sense of rhythm to be a good dancer.”

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131
Q

występ, przedstawienie

A

performance

acting, singing, dancing, or playing music to entertain people

“a performance of Shakespeare’s Hamlet”

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132
Q

wyniki

A

performance

how successful someone or something is

“The company’s performance was poor for the first two years.”,
“Some athletes take drugs to improve their performance.”

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133
Q

zamieszanie, dezorientacja

A

confusion

a state in which people do not understand what is happening or what they should do

“There was a lot of confusion about what was actually going on.”

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134
Q

dezorientacja

A

confusion

a feeling of not being able to think clearly

“He could see the confusion on Marion’s face.”,
“He seems to be in a perpetual state of confusion.”

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135
Q

pomyłka

A

confusion

the belief that one person or thing is another

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136
Q

zamieszanie

A

confusion

a situation that is confusing because there is a lot of noise and activity

“In the confusion, several prisoners tried to escape.”

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137
Q

ekran

A

screen

the part of a television or computer that shows images or writing

“I spend most of my day working in front of a computer screen.”

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138
Q

na lub przy komputerze

A

screen

using a computer

“Do you work on screen?”,
“The text can be displayed and edited on screen.”

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139
Q

ekran

A

screen

a large, flat surface where a film or an image is shown

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140
Q

ekran

A

screen

cinema films

“an actor of stage and screen (= theatre and films) “,
“She first appeared on screen in 1965.”

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141
Q

siatka

A

screen

a wire net that covers a window or door and is used to stop insects coming in

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142
Q

zasłona, parawan

A

screen

a vertical structure that is used to separate one area from another

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143
Q

badać, monitorować

A

screen

to find out if people have an illness by doing medical tests on them

“Babies are routinely screened for the condition.”

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144
Q

sprawdzać

A

screen

to find out information about someone in order to decide if they are suitable for a particular job

“Applicants are screened to ensure that none of them is a security risk.”

145
Q

nadawać, wyświetlać

A

screen

to show something on television or at a cinema

“The first episode will be screened tonight.”

146
Q

doroczny

A

annual

happening or produced once a year

“an annual meeting/report “

147
Q

roczny

A

annual

measured over a period of one year

“annual rainfall”

148
Q

roślina jednoroczna

A

annual

a plant that grows, produces seed, and dies within one year

149
Q

rocznik

A

annual

a book produced every year containing new information about the same subject

150
Q

terytorium

A

territory

land that is owned or controlled by a particular country

“Spanish territory”

151
Q

terytorium

A

territory

an area that an animal or person thinks belongs to them

“Cats like to protect their territory.”

152
Q

obszar

A

territory

an area of knowledge or experience

“With this project we’ll be moving into unknown territory.”

153
Q

przejście

A

passage

a long, narrow space that connects one place to another

“There’s a passage to the side of the house, leading to the garden.”

154
Q

ustęp, fragment

A

passage

a short part of a book, speech, or piece of music

“She can quote whole passages from the novel.”

155
Q

przewód, kanał

A

passage

a tube in your body that allows air, liquid, etc to pass through it

“the nasal/respiratory passages”

156
Q

przejście, przejazd, przeprawa

A

passage

the movement or progress from one stage or place to another

“It’s a difficult passage from boyhood to manhood.”

157
Q

upływ czasu

A

passage

the way that time passes

“Love changes with the passage of time.”

158
Q

przypominać

A

remind

to make someone remember something, or remember to do something

“Every time we meet he reminds me about the money he lent me.”,
“Will you remind me to buy some eggs?”

159
Q

zmienność, zmiana

A

variation

a difference in amount or quality

“variations in price”

160
Q

odmiana

A

variation

something that is slightly different from the usual form

“It’s a variation on the standard apple pie.”

161
Q

opłata

A

charge

the amount of money that you have to pay for something, especially for an activity or a service

“bank charges”,
“There’s no charge for children under 14.”,
“He repaired the computer free of charge (= it did not cost anything).”

162
Q

kierować

A

charge

to be the person who has control of or is responsible for someone or something

“She’s in charge of a team of 20 people.”,
“Who’s in charge of organizing the music for the party?”

163
Q

brać na siebie

A

charge

to take control of or make yourself responsible for something

“I was happy to let her take charge of paying all the bills.”

164
Q

zarzut, oskarżenie

A

charge

a formal police statement saying that someone is accused of a crime

“to bring/press charges “,
“She was arrested on charges of theft and forgery.”

165
Q

zarzut, oskarżenie

A

charge

a statement that accuses someone of something

“This is a serious charge to make against your colleagues.”

166
Q

ładunek

A

charge

the amount of electricity that an electrical device has in it or that a substance has in it

167
Q

szarża

A

charge

an attack in which people or animals run forward suddenly

168
Q

dzwonić na koszt abonenta

A

charge

to make a telephone call that is paid for by the person who receives it

169
Q

obciążać, pobierać (opłatę )

A

charge

to ask someone to pay an amount of money for something, especially for an activity or a service

“They are going to charge motorists a tax to drive into the city centre.”,
“How much do you charge for delivery?”

170
Q

stawiać zarzuty , oskarżać

A

charge

If the police charge someone, they accuse them officially of a crime.

“He was charged with assault.”

171
Q

szarżować

A

charge

to attack someone or something by moving forward quickly

“The bull looked as if it was about to charge.”

172
Q

biegać

A

charge

to run from one place to another

“The children charged around the house.”

173
Q

ładować

A

charge

to put electricity into something

174
Q

stosunek, proporcja

A

ratio

the relationship between two things expressed in numbers to show how much bigger one is than the other

“The female to male ratio at the college is 2 to 1.”

175
Q

szczotka

A

brush

an object made of short, thin pieces of plastic, wire, etc fixed to a handle and used to tidy hair, to clean, to paint, etc

“a stiff wire brush”

176
Q

szczotkowanie

A

brush

the action of using a brush

“I need to give my hair a quick brush.”

177
Q

muśnięcie czegoś

A

brush

the feeling of something touching you lightly

“She felt the brush of his lips against her cheek.”

178
Q

zetknięcie z czymś

A

brush

an experience in which something unpleasant happens or almost happens

“a brush with death”

179
Q

szczotkować

A

brush

to use a brush to clean or tidy something

“to brush your hair/teeth “

180
Q

strzepnąć coś

A

brush

to move something somewhere using a brush or your hand

“He brushed the snow off his coat.”

181
Q

ocierać się o kogoś/coś

A

brush

to lightly touch someone or something as you move past

“He brushed past me as he went up the stairs.”

182
Q

dosyć, dość, raczej

A

rather

slightly or to a degree

“I rather like it.”,
“I find her books rather dull.”

183
Q

zamiast, raczej niż

A

rather

instead of

“I thought we could go to the cinema this evening rather than stay at home.”,
“He saw his music as a hobby rather than a career.”

184
Q

woleć

A

rather

If you would rather do something, you would prefer to do that thing.

“I’d much rather go out for a meal than stay in and watch TV.”

185
Q

raczej

A

rather

used to change something you have just said and make it more correct

“I tried writing some drama, or rather comedy-drama, but it wasn’t very good.”

186
Q

drogi, szanowny

A

dear

used at the beginning of a letter, before the name of the person you are writing to

“Dear Amy”,
“Dear Mrs Simpson”,
“Dear Sir/Madam”

187
Q

drogi, bliski

A

dear

A dear person is someone who you know and like very much.

“my dear Peter”,
“He’s one of my dearest friends.”

188
Q

drogi

A

dear

expensive

“I wouldn’t buy anything there, it’s far too dear.”

189
Q

drogi czyjemuś sercu

A

dear

If something is dear to someone or dear to their heart, it is very important to them.

“The charity was very dear to his heart.”

190
Q

o jejku!

A

dear

used to express surprise and disappointment

“Oh dear! I forgot my keys!”

191
Q

kochanie

A

dear

used to address someone in a friendly way, especially a child or someone you love

“Don’t cry, my dear.”,
“Yes, dear?”

192
Q

życie

A

lifetime

the period of time that someone is alive

“We’ll see such huge changes in our lifetime.”

193
Q

myszka

A

mouse

a small piece of equipment connected to a computer that you move with your hand to control what the computer does

194
Q

mysz

A

mouse

a small animal with fur and a long, thin tail

195
Q

traktat

A

treaty

a written agreement between two or more countries

“a peace treaty “,
“an international treaty “

196
Q

uczestni-k/czka

A

participant

someone who is involved in an activity

“All participants finishing the race will receive a medal.”

197
Q

literatura

A

literature

books, poems, etc that are considered to be art

“classical/modern literature”

198
Q

literatura

A

literature

written information about a subject

“There is very little literature on the disease.”

199
Q

codziennie/co miesiąc/regularnie itp.

A

basis

how often something happens or is done

“Meetings are held on a weekly basis.”

200
Q

na zasadach komercyjnych /na pełny etat/proporcjonalnie itp.

A

basis

the way something happens or is organized

“We will consider claims for asylum on a case by case basis.”,
“We deal with each case on an individual basis.”,
“She’s having private lessons on a one-to-one basis.”

201
Q

podstawa

A

basis

the reason for something

“Marks are awarded on the basis of progress and performance.”,
“There is no legal basis for his claim.”

202
Q

punkt wyjścia

A

basis

a situation, fact, or idea from which something can develop

“Dani’s essay can serve as a basis for our discussion.”

203
Q

parkowanie

A

parking

leaving a vehicle in a particular place for a period of time

“free/underground parking”

204
Q

zostawać, pozostawać

A

stay

to continue to be in a place, job, etc and not leave

“The weather was bad so we stayed at home.”,
“Do you want to stay in teaching?”

205
Q

pozostawać, być

A

stay

to continue to be in a particular state

“The supermarket stays open late.”,
“I was tired and couldn’t stay awake.”

206
Q

zatrzymywać się, mieszkać

A

stay

to spend a short period of time in a place

“We stayed in a hotel.”,
“We’re going to stay with my grandmother.”

207
Q

nie ruszać się (z miejsca )

A

stay

to continue to be in the same place

“He told me to stay put while he fetched the car.”

208
Q

pobyt

A

stay

a period of time that you spend in a place

“Did you enjoy your stay in Tokyo?”

209
Q

pewny (siebie)

A

confident

certain about your ability to do things well

“a confident grin”,
“He feels confident of winning.”

210
Q

przekonany

A

confident

being certain that something will happen

“Doctors are confident that she’ll recover.”

211
Q

udzielać zezwolenia

A

license

to give someone official permission to do or have something

“Undercover agents are licensed to carry guns.”

212
Q

maszyna

A

machine

a piece of equipment with moving parts that uses power to do a particular job

“a fax machine”,
“a coffee machine”,
“Clothes are generally sewn by machine these days.”

213
Q

machina, system

A

machine

a group of people all working together to achieve the same result

“a political/war machine”

214
Q

system, komputer

A

machine

a computer

215
Q

ostry

A

sharp

having a very thin or pointed edge that can cut things

“a sharp knife”,
“sharp claws/teeth”

216
Q

ostry wzrost/spadek itp.

A

sharp

a sudden and very large increase or reduction in something

217
Q

ostry kontrast/wyraźna różnica/ostre rozróżnienie itp.

A

sharp

a very big and noticeable difference between two things

218
Q

bystry

A

sharp

quick to notice and understand things

“a sharp mind”

219
Q

ostry ból

A

sharp

a sudden, short, strong pain

220
Q

ostry

A

sharp

severe and not gentle

“sharp criticism”,
“She can be a bit sharp with people sometimes.”

221
Q

ostry zakręt itp.

A

sharp

a sudden large change in the direction you are travelling

222
Q

ostry, kwaskowaty

A

sharp

A sharp taste is slightly sour.

223
Q

ostry

A

sharp

A sharp image is very clear.

“a photograph in sharp focus”

224
Q

cięty dowcip

A

sharp

the ability to say things that are funny and clever

225
Q

cięty język

A

sharp

If you have a sharp tongue, you often upset people by saying unkind things to them.

226
Q

szykowny

A

sharp

If a piece of clothing or a style is sharp, it is fashionable and tidy.

“young men in sharp suits”

227
Q

cis/fis itp.

A

sharp

the musical note that is between the note C, F, etc and the note above it

228
Q

za wysoki

A

sharp

A sharp musical note sounds unpleasant because it is slightly higher than it should be.

229
Q

punktualnie o trzeciej/20:30 itp.

A

sharp

at exactly 3 o’clock, 8.30 p.m., etc

230
Q

nuta z krzyżykiem

A

sharp

a musical note that is between a particular note and the note above it

231
Q

katolicki

A

Catholic

belonging or relating to the part of the Christian religion that has the Pope as its leader

“a Catholic priest/school”

232
Q

dorad-ca/czyni

A

adviser

someone whose job is to give advice about a subject

“a financial adviser “

233
Q

uczęszczać na, być obecnym

A

attend

to go to an event

“to attend a concert/meeting”

234
Q

uczęszczać lub chodzić do szkoły /kościoła itp.

A

attend

to go regularly to a particular church/school, etc

235
Q

przyznawać się

A

admit

to agree that you did something bad, or that something bad is true

“Both men admitted taking illegal drugs.”,
“She admitted to stealing the keys.”,
“I was wrong - I admit it.”,
“He finally admitted that he couldn’t cope.”

236
Q

przyjmować

A

admit

to allow someone to enter somewhere, especially to take someone who is sick into hospital

“to be admitted to hospital/ US to be admitted to the hospital”,
“It says on the ticket ‘admits 2’.”

237
Q

życie

A

life

living things and their activities

“human/marine life”,
“Is there life in outer space?”

238
Q

życie, istnienie

A

life

the existence of a person

“How many lives will be lost to AIDS?”

239
Q

życie

A

life

the time between a person’s birth and their death

“I’m not sure I want to spend the rest of my life with him.”,
“Life’s too short to worry about stuff like that.”,
“Unfortunately, accidents are part of life.”,
“He had a happy life.”

240
Q

życie

A

life

a way of living

“You lead an exciting life.”

241
Q

życie rodzinne /prywatne /intymne itp.

A

life

one part of someone’s existence

“My private life is nobody’s business but mine.”

242
Q

życie

A

life

energy and activity

“She was always bubbly and full of life.”,
“I looked through the window but couldn’t see any signs of life (= people moving).”

243
Q

żywotność, trwałość

A

life

the amount of time that a machine, system, etc exists or can be used

“Careful use will prolong the life of your machine.”

244
Q

przypominać, być podobnym do

A

resemble

to look like or be like someone or something

“She resembles her father.”

245
Q

nieznany

A

unknown

not known

“The cause of his death is still unknown.”

246
Q

nieznany

A

unknown

not famous

“an unknown actor”

247
Q

nieznane

A

unknown

things that you have not experienced and know nothing about

“It’s normal to fear the unknown.”

248
Q

ktoś nieznany

A

unknown

someone who is not famous

“The game was won by a complete unknown.”

249
Q

umowa, układ

A

deal

an arrangement or an agreement, especially in business

“a business deal “,
“The police refused to do/make/strike a deal with the terrorists.”

250
Q

interes

A

deal

the price you pay for something, and what you get for your money

“I got a really good deal on my new car.”

251
Q

dużo

A

deal

a lot

“A great deal of time and effort went into arranging this party.”,
“I paid a good deal less than it was worth.”

252
Q

rozdawać (karty )

A

deal

to give cards to players in a game

“Whose turn is it to deal?”

253
Q

bez wątpienia , zdecydowanie

A

definitely

without any doubt

“This book is definitely worth reading.”,
““Do you want to come?” “Yes, definitely.””

254
Q

śpiewać

A

sing

to make musical sounds with your voice

“They all sang ‘Happy Birthday’ to him.”,
“She sings in the church choir.”

255
Q

zarządzanie

A

management

being in control of an office, shop, team, etc

“management skills/training”

256
Q

dyrekcja, zarząd

A

management

the people who are in control of an office, shop, team, etc

“Management is considering your proposals.”,
“middle/senior management “

257
Q

tamte, tamci

A

those

plural of that

258
Q

zmieniać (się), przerabiać

A

alter

to change, or to make someone or something change

“We’ve had to alter our plans.”,
“Your life alters completely when you have kids.”

259
Q

kawałek

A

bit

a small amount or piece of something

“I wrote it down on a bit of paper.”,
“There’s a little bit more pasta left.”,
“My favourite bit of the film is right at the end.”,
“The books are falling to bits (= into separate parts).”

260
Q

trochęchwila

A

bit

slightlya short time

“It’s a bit cold in here.”,
“It was a bit too expensive.”,
“I’ll see you in a bit.”,
“She lived in Italy for a bit.”

261
Q

mała zmiana/trochę niemądry/drobny kłopot itp.

A

bit

a change, fool (= stupid person), problem, etc, but not an important or serious one

“I am a bit of a romantic.”,
“It was a bit of a shock.”

262
Q

sporo

A

bit

a lot

“He does quite a bit of travelling.”,
“She is quite a bit older than him.”

263
Q

trochę za wiele, lekka przesada

A

bit

more than is fair, or more than you can deal with

“It’s a bit much to expect me to tidy up their mess.”

264
Q

stopniowo

A

bit

gradually

“She saved up the money, bit by bit.”

265
Q

równie

A

bit

used to emphasize that one thing is equally good, important, etc as something else

“The gardens are every bit as impressive as the castle itself.”

266
Q

drobiazgi

A

bit

small things or jobs that are not connected or not very important

“We’ve packed most of it up now, there are just a few bits and pieces left.”

267
Q

bit

A

bit

a unit of information in a computer

“Can I run 32-bit programs on a 64-bit computer?”

268
Q

wędzidło

A

bit

a piece of metal which goes in the mouth of a horse to control it

269
Q

-

A

bit

past tense of bite

270
Q

ach

A

ah

used to show sympathy or to show pleasure at seeing a baby or attractive animal

“Ah, you poor thing!”,
“Ah, look at that little kitten!”

271
Q

acha

A

ah

used to show that you have just understood something

“Ah, now I see what you’re saying!”

272
Q

prawdopodobnie

A

probably

used to mean that something is very likely

“I’ll probably be home by midnight.”

273
Q

zły, niedobry

A

bad

not pleasant

 "bad weather ",
 "bad news ",
 "a bad dream",
 "My phone bill was even worse than I'd expected.",
 "He's in a bad mood today."
274
Q

zły, niegrzeczny, słaby

A

bad

of low quality

“bad behaviour”,
“The service was really bad.”,
“He’s always been bad at grammar.”

275
Q

poważny

A

bad

very serious or severe

“a bad injury”,
“the worst flooding for years”

276
Q

pechowy, nieodpowiedni

A

bad

not lucky, not convenient, or not happening how you would like

“It was just bad luck that she heard us.”,
“Is this a bad time to ask?”

277
Q

niezły, ≈ nieźle

A

bad

satisfactory

"”There are about 10 people in a group.” “Oh well, that’s not bad.””,
“That’s not bad for such a small company.”

278
Q

szkodzić komuś/czemuś

A

bad

to be harmful for someone or something

“Looking at a computer screen for too long can be bad for your eyes.”,
“The negative publicity has been bad for business.”

279
Q

komuś przykro z jakiegoś powodu

A

bad

to feel guilty or sorry about something that has happened

“I felt bad about letting her down.”

280
Q

szkoda, to przykrośćtrudno

A

bad

used to say that you are sorry about a situationused to say that nothing can be done to change a situation

"”He didn’t get the job.” “Oh, that’s too bad.””,
“I know you don’t want to go but it’s too bad, we have to.”

281
Q

zły

A

bad

evil

“She’s a really bad person.”

282
Q

zepsuty

A

bad

Bad food is not fresh and cannot be eaten.

283
Q

chory

A

bad

If you have a bad arm, leg, heart, etc, there is something wrong with it and it is painful.

284
Q

krytyk

A

critic

someone who says that they do not approve of someone or something

“an outspoken critic of the government”

285
Q

krytyk

A

critic

someone whose job is to give their opinion of a book, play, film, etc

“a theatre/film critic “

286
Q

przezwyciężać

A

overcome

to deal with and control a problem or feeling

“He’s trying to overcome his drug addiction and find a job.”,
“Let’s hope she overcomes her shyness.”

287
Q

nie móc opanować podniecenia/przerażenia/smutku itp. , nie posiadać się z podniecenia/przerażenia/ze smutku itp.

A

overcome

to suddenly have too much of a feeling

“She was overcome by emotion.”

288
Q

zatruć się dymem /oparami itp. , nawdychać się dymu /oparów itp.

A

overcome

to become sick or weak because you have been breathing smoke or poisonous gas

“One worker died when he was overcome by chemical fumes.”

289
Q

pojmać

A

capture

to catch someone and make them your prisoner

“Two soldiers were captured by the enemy.”

290
Q

zdobyć, opanować

A

capture

to get control of a place with force

“Rebel troops have captured the city.”

291
Q

zdobyć

A

capture

to succeed in getting something when you are competing against other people

“The Green Party has captured 12% of the vote.”

292
Q

uchwycić

A

capture

to show or describe something successfully using words or pictures

“His book really captures the spirit of the place.”

293
Q

uchwycić kogoś/coś na taśmie (filmowej ) itp.

A

capture

to record someone or something on camera/film, etc

294
Q

przyciągać czyjąś uwagę

A

capture

to make someone very interested or excited

“The campaign has really captured the public’s imagination.”

295
Q

zawładnąć czyimś sercem

A

capture

to make someone love you

“She captured the hearts of the nation.”

296
Q

schwytanie, pojmanie

A

capture

the act of catching someone and making them a prisoner

“He shot himself to avoid capture.”

297
Q

zdobycie, opanowanie

A

capture

the act of getting control of a place with force

“the capture of the city by foreign troops”

298
Q

agencja

A

agency

a business that provides a service

“an advertising agency”

299
Q

agencja, biuro, urząd

A

agency

an international organization or government department

“an international development agency”

300
Q

kąt, narożnik

A

angle

a space between two lines or surfaces that meet at one point, which you measure in degrees

“an angle of 90 degrees”

301
Q

pod kątem , na ukos

A

angle

not horizontal or vertical, but sloping

“He wore his hat at an angle.”

302
Q

punkt widzenia

A

angle

the way you think about a situation

“Try looking at the problem from my angle.”

303
Q

kąt

A

angle

the direction from which you look at something

“This is the same building photographed from different angles.”

304
Q

ustawiać (pod kątem )

A

angle

to aim or turn something in a direction that is not horizontal or vertical

“She angled a shot into the corner of the court.”

305
Q

zawód

A

occupation

your job

“You have to give your name, age, and occupation on the application form.”

306
Q

okupacja

A

occupation

a situation in which an army moves into a place and takes control of it

“a military occupation “

307
Q

zajęcie

A

occupation

something that you do in your free time

308
Q

granica

A

border

the line that separates two countries or states

“the border between France and Spain”,
“We crossed the border from Canada into the US.”

309
Q

brzeg

A

border

a strip around the edge of something for decoration

“white plates with a blue border”

310
Q

otaczać

A

border

to form a line around the edge of something

“The fields are bordered by tall trees.”

311
Q

graniczyć z

A

border

to have a border with another country

“Spain is bordered by France and Portugal.”

312
Q

wiązać, związywać

A

bind

to tie something together with string, rope, etc

“His hands were bound behind his back.”

313
Q

zobowiązywać

A

bind

to force someone to keep a promise

“His contract binds him to working a six-day week.”

314
Q

łączyć

A

bind

to unite people

“Culture and language bind people together.”

315
Q

oprawiać

A

bind

to fasten pages together to make a book

“The book was printed and bound in New York.”

316
Q

trudne położenie, tarapaty

A

bind

a difficult or unpleasant situation

“a financial bind”

317
Q

niewdzięczna robota

A

bind

a job that uses a lot of your time

“Cleaning the bathroom is a bind.”

318
Q

pojemnik

A

container

an object such as a box or a bottle that is used for holding something

319
Q

nagroda

A

award

a prize given to someone for something they have achieved

“the award for best actress”,
“to receive/win an award “

320
Q

odszkodowanie

A

award

money given to someone because of a legal decision

321
Q

przyznawać, zasądzać

A

award

to officially give someone something such as a prize or an amount of money

“He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.”

322
Q

zawsze

A

always

every time, or at all times

“Diane is always so cheerful.”,
“I always walk to work.”

323
Q

zawsze

A

always

at all times in the past

“We’ve always lived here.”

324
Q

zawsze

A

always

forever

“I will always remember you.”

325
Q

zawsze

A

always

again and again, usually in an annoying way

“He’s always losing his keys.”

326
Q

zawsze (przecież) móc coś zrobić

A

always

used to suggest something

“You can always stay with us if you miss your train.”

327
Q

następny, drugi, jeszcze jeden

A

another

one more person or thing, or an additional amount

“Would you like another piece of cake?”,
“We can fit another person in my car.”,
“For another £30 you can get a better model.”

328
Q

inny

A

another

a different person or thing

“I’m going to look for another job.”,
“This one’s slightly damaged - I’ll get you another.”

329
Q

nieść, przenosić

A

carry

to hold something or someone with your hands, arms, or on your back and take them from one place to another

“He was carrying my bags.”,
“She picked up the child and carried him down the stairs.”

330
Q

przenosić, nieść, wieźć

A

carry

to move someone or something from one place to another

“The plane was carrying 30 passengers.”,
“Underground cables carry electricity to all parts of the building.”,
“Strong currents carried them out to sea.”

331
Q

nosić

A

carry

to have something with you in a pocket, bag, etc

“She still carries his photo in her purse.”,
“Is it legal to carry a handgun?”

332
Q

przenosić, być nosicielem

A

carry

to have a disease that you might give to someone else

“Mosquitoes carry malaria and other infectious diseases.”

333
Q

zawierać, nieść za sobą

A

carry

to have something as a part or a result of something

“All cigarette advertising must carry a government health warning.”,
“Murder still carries the death penalty there.”

334
Q

nieść się

A

carry

If a sound or someone’s voice carries, it can be heard a long way away.

335
Q

udźwignąć

A

carry

to support the weight of something

“Is the ice thick enough to carry my weight?”

336
Q

przenieść

A

carry

to put a number into another column when adding numbers

337
Q

doprowadzać

A

carry

to develop something in a particular way

“She carried her diet to extremes.”

338
Q

przechodzić

A

carry

to be formally accepted by people voting at a meeting

“The motion was carried by 210 votes to 160.”

339
Q

klient/ka

A

customer

a person or organization that buys goods or services from a shop or business

“a satisfied customer “,
“Mrs Wilson is one of our regular customers. “

340
Q

rezolucja

A

resolution

an official decision that is made after a group or organization have voted

“Congress passed a resolution in support of the plan (= voted to support it).”

341
Q

postanowienie

A

resolution

a promise to yourself to do something

“My New Year’s resolution is to do more exercise.”

342
Q

rozwiązanie

A

resolution

the solution to a problem

“a successful resolution to the crisis”

343
Q

stanowczość, determinacja

A

resolution

the quality of being determined

344
Q

rozdzielczość

A

resolution

the ability of a microscope, or a television or computer screen, to show things clearly and with a lot of detail

“a high/low resolution image”

345
Q

demokratyczny

A

democratic

following or supporting the political system of democracy

“a democratic society/government”

346
Q

demokratyczny

A

democratic

where everyone has equal rights and can help to make decisions

“a democratic discussion/debate”

347
Q

nie

A

not

used to form a negative phrase after verbs like ‘be’, ‘can’, ‘have’, ‘will’, ‘must’, etc, usually used in the short form ‘n’t’ in speech

 "I won't tell her.",
 "I can't go.",
 "He hasn't eaten yet.",
 "Don't you like her?",
 "It isn't difficult (= It is easy).",
 "The service isn't very good (= it is bad).",
 "You're coming, aren't you?",
 "I will not tolerate laziness."
348
Q

nie

A

not

used to give the next word or group of words a negative meaning

“I told you not to do that.”,
“I like most vegetables but not cabbage.”,
““Come and play football, Dad.” “Not now, Jamie.””,
““Whose are these?” “Not mine.””

349
Q

nie

A

not

used after verbs like ‘be afraid’, ‘hope’, ‘suspect’, etc in short, negative replies

"”Do you think it’s going to rain?” “I hope not.””,
““Have you finished?” “I’m afraid not.””

350
Q

na pewno nie/miejmy nadzieję , że nie

A

not

used after an adverb in short, negative replies

"”She’s not exactly poor, is she?” “Certainly not.””,
““We won’t need much money, will we?” “Hopefully not.””

351
Q

skądże, wcale

A

not

used instead of ‘no’ or ‘not’ to emphasize what you are saying

"”I hope this won’t cause you any trouble.” “No, not at all.””,
“I’m not at all happy about it.”

352
Q

Nie ma za co!

A

not

used as a polite reply after someone has thanked you

"”Thanks for all your help.” “Not at all.””

353
Q

(a) jak lub jeśli nie

A

not

used to say what the situation will be if something does not happen

“I hope to see you there but, if not, I’ll call you.”

354
Q

czy nie, albo nie

A

not

used to express the possibility that something might not happen

“Are you coming or not?”

355
Q

ani (jeden)

A

not

used to emphasize that there is nothing of what you are talking about

“Not one person came to hear him talk.”,
““You haven’t heard from Nick, have you?” “Not a word.””

356
Q

rozwiązanie

A

solution

the answer to a problem

“There’s no easy solution to this problem.”

357
Q

roztwór

A

solution

a liquid which a substance has been dissolved into

358
Q

jądrowy, nuklearny

A

nuclear

relating to the energy that is released when the nucleus (= central part) of an atom is divided

“nuclear weapons/waste “,
“a nuclear power plant”

359
Q

jądrowy, nuklearny

A

nuclear

relating to the nucleus (= central part) of an atom

“nuclear physics “

UK PLAN (30 decks)

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