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UK PLAN > Deck 29 > Flashcards

Deck 29 Flashcards

1
Q

strefa

A

zone

an area where a particular thing happens

“a war zone “,
“a nuclear-free zone”

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2
Q

łamać, naruszać, gwałcić

A

violate

to not obey a law, rule, or agreement

“Countries that violate international law will be dealt with severely.”

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3
Q

łamać

A

violate

to not allow someone something that they should morally be allowed to have

“They were accused of violating human rights.”

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4
Q

przewodni-k/czka

A

guide

someone whose job is to show interesting places to visitors, or to help people get somewhere

“a tour guide “

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5
Q

przewodnik

A

guide

a book that gives information about something or tells you how to do something

“a hotel/restaurant guide”,
“a user’s guide”

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6
Q

pomoc, wskazówka

A

guide

something that helps you plan or decide what to do

“Parents use this report as a guide when choosing schools for their children.”

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7
Q

harcerka

A

guide

a girl who belongs to an organization in the UK that teaches practical things like living outside, and how to work as part of a team

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8
Q

harcerstwo

A

guide

an organization in the UK that teaches girls practical skills and how to work as part of a team

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9
Q

naprowadzać, prowadzić

A

guide

to help someone or something go somewhere

“These missiles are guided by computers.”,
“He gently guided her back to her seat.”

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10
Q

doradzać, służyć radą

A

guide

to tell someone what they should do

“She had no one to guide her as a teenager.”

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11
Q

wielki

A

grand

very large and special

“a grand hotel”,
“the Grand Canal”

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12
Q

dostojny, ważny

A

grand

rich and important, or behaving as if you are

“a grand old lady”

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13
Q

świetny

A

grand

very good or enjoyable

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14
Q

patol, klocek

A

grand

one thousand dollars or pounds

“The holiday cost me two grand.”

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15
Q

dziewczyna

A

girlfriend

a woman or girl who someone is having a romantic relationship with

“Have you met Steve’s new girlfriend?”

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16
Q

przyjaciółka

A

girlfriend

a female friend, especially of a woman

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17
Q

zamarzać, zamrażać

A

freeze

If something freezes or is frozen, it becomes hard and solid because it is very cold.

“The river had frozen overnight.”,
“Water freezes at 0° Celsius.”

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18
Q

zamrażać

A

freeze

to make food last a long time by making it very cold and hard

“You can freeze any cakes that you have left over.”

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19
Q

marznąć

A

freeze

to feel very cold

“One of the climbers froze to death on the mountain.”

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20
Q

znieruchomieć

A

freeze

to suddenly stop moving, especially because you are frightened

“She saw someone outside the window and froze.”

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21
Q

zamrażać

A

freeze

to fix the level of something such as a price or rate so that it does not increase

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22
Q

zamrożenie

A

freeze

a situation in which the level of something such as a price or rate is fixed so that it does not increase

“a pay freeze”

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23
Q

zamrożenie, wstrzymanie

A

freeze

a situation in which a process is stopped for a period of time

“There was an immediate freeze on all new building in the city.”

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24
Q

mrozy

A

freeze

a period of extremely cold weather

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25
Q

zarabiać

A

earn

to get money for doing work

“She earns more than £40,000 a year.”

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26
Q

zarabiać na życie

A

earn

to work to get money for the things you need

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27
Q

zapracować na, zasłużyć sobie na

A

earn

to get something that you deserve because of your work, qualities, etc

“As a teacher you have to earn the respect of your students.”

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28
Q

przynosić

A

earn

to make a profit

“I want an account that earns a high rate of interest.”

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29
Q

brudny

A

dirty

not clean

“dirty clothes”,
“dirty dishes”

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30
Q

nieprzyzwoity, świński

A

dirty

talking about sex in a way that some people find offensive

“dirty books/jokes”

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31
Q

brudny

A

dirty

dishonest or unfair

“a dirty business”

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32
Q

brudzić

A

dirty

to make something dirty

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33
Q

ty, wy, cię, ciebie, was, ci, tobie, wam, tobą, wami

A

you

used to refer to the person or people you are talking to

“I love you.”,
“You said I could go with you.”

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34
Q

człowiek

A

you

people generally

“You learn to accept these things as you get older.”

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35
Q

sen

A

dream

a series of events and images that happen in your mind while you are sleeping

“a bad dream “,
“I had a very strange dream last night.”

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36
Q

marzenie

A

dream

something that you want to happen although it is not very likely

“It was his dream to become an actor.”

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37
Q

być rozmarzonym , być zamyślonym

A

dream

to not notice things that are around you because you are thinking about something else

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38
Q

śnić

A

dream

to experience events and images in your mind while you are sleeping

“Last night I dreamed that I was flying.”

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39
Q

marzyć

A

dream

to imagine something that you would like to happen

“I dream of living on a desert island.”,
“He never dreamed that one day he would become President.”

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40
Q

do głowy by coś człowiekowi nie przyszło

A

dream

used to say that you would not do something because you think it is wrong or silly

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41
Q

wymarzon-y/a dom/praca/samochód itp.

A

dream

the perfect house/job/car, etc

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42
Q

cyfra

A

figure

a symbol for a number

“Write down the amount in words and figures.”,
“He’s now being paid a six-figure salary.”

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43
Q

liczby jednocyfrowe /dwucyfrowe itp.

A

figure

numbers from 0 to 9/numbers from 10 to 99, etc

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44
Q

liczba

A

figure

a number that expresses an amount, especially in official documents

“Government figures show a rise in unemployment.”

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45
Q

postać

A

figure

a particular type of person, often someone important or famous

“a mysterious figure”,
“Lincoln was a major figure in American politics.”

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46
Q

postać

A

figure

a person that you cannot see clearly

“I could see two figures in the distance.”

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47
Q

figura

A

figure

the shape of someone’s body, usually an attractive shape

“She’s got a good figure for her age.”

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48
Q

ilustracja, rysunek

A

figure

a picture or drawing in a book or document, usually with a number

“Look at the graph shown in Figure 2.”

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49
Q

pojawiać się, figurować

A

figure

to be a part of something, or to appear in something

“Love figures in most pop songs.”

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50
Q

zdecydować

A

figure

to decide something after thinking about it

“I figured that it was time to tell her the truth.”

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51
Q

to było do przewidzenia , tego się należało spodziewać

A

figure

something you say when you expected something to happen

"”I’ve run out of money, Mum.” “That figures.””

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52
Q

Francja

A

French

a country in Europe

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53
Q

satelita

A

satellite

a piece of equipment that is sent into space around the Earth to receive and send signals or to collect information

“a spy/weather satellite”

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54
Q

satelita

A

satellite

a natural object that moves around a planet in space

“The moon is the Earth’s satellite.”

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55
Q

inny, różny

A

different

not the same as someone or something

“Jo’s very different from her sister, isn’t she?”,
“The house is different to how I expected it to be.”

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56
Q

różny

A

different

used to talk about separate things or people of the same type

“I had to go to three different shops to find the book she wanted.”

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57
Q

myślenie, przemyślenie

A

thinking

the use of your mind to consider something

“This problem requires careful thinking.”

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58
Q

myśl

A

thinking

someone’s ideas or opinions

“The book discusses the impact of Christian thinking on western society.”

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59
Q

ogień

A

fire

heat, light, and flames that are produced when something burns

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60
Q

zapalić się, stanąć w płomieniach , zająć się ogniem

A

fire

to start burning

“The car crashed and caught fire.”

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61
Q

w płomieniach

A

fire

burning

“That house is on fire.”

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62
Q

podpalić coś

A

fire

to make something start burning, usually to cause damage

“Enemy troops set fire to the village.”

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63
Q

pożar

A

fire

an event when something burns in a way that causes damage and cannot be controlled

“Three people were killed in the fire.”,
“It took the firefighters two hours to put the fire out (= stop it burning).”,
“The smell from the fire still lingered hours later.”

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64
Q

ognisko, ogień

A

fire

a pile of wood, coal, etc that is burning to produce heat

“We sat by the fire.”,
“They put up the tents and lit a fire.”

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65
Q

grzejnik lub piecyk elektryczny/gazowy

A

fire

a piece of equipment that uses electricity/gas to heat a room

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66
Q

ogień

A

fire

the shooting of guns and other weapons

“The soldiers opened fire (= started shooting).”

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67
Q

strzelać, wystrzelić

A

fire

to shoot a bullet from a gun

“She fired three shots at him.”

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68
Q

wylać lub wyrzucać lub zwalniać (z pracy )

A

fire

to tell someone they must leave their job

“I was fired for being late.”

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69
Q

podsycać czyjąś wyobraźnię

A

fire

to make someone very excited or interested in something

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70
Q

zarzucać kogoś pytaniami

A

fire

to ask someone questions quickly one after the other

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71
Q

wschód

A

east

the direction that you face to see the sun rise

“Which way’s east?”

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72
Q

wschód

A

east

the part of an area that is further towards the east than the rest

“This town is the largest in the east.”

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73
Q

Wschód

A

east

the countries of Asia, especially Japan and China

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74
Q

beletrystyka, literatura (piękna )

A

fiction

literature and stories about imaginary people or events

“What’s the best-selling children’s fiction title?”

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75
Q

fikcja

A

fiction

something that is not true or real

“Nobody knows whether his statement is fact or fiction.”

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76
Q

smak

A

flavor

the taste of a particular type of food or drink

“We sell 50 different flavours of ice cream.”,
“Add some salt to give the soup more flavour.”

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77
Q

charakter, smaczek

A

flavor

a particular quality or style that something has

“London has a very international flavour.”

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78
Q

przyprawiać

A

flavor

to give a particular taste to food or drink

“This sauce is flavoured with garlic and herbs.”

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79
Q

o smaku serowym /czekoladowym itp.

A

flavor

tasting of cheese/chocolate, etc

“lemon-flavoured sweets”

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80
Q

były, dawny

A

former

happening, existing, or true in the past but not now

“the former Soviet Union”,
“former President Bill Clinton”

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81
Q

pierwszy

A

former

the first of two people or things that have just been talked about

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82
Q

pies

A

dog

an animal with fur, four legs, and a tail that is kept as a pet, or trained to guard buildings and guide blind people

“Let’s take the dog for a walk.”

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83
Q

prześladować, gnębić

A

dog

to cause someone or something trouble for a long time

“His football career has been dogged by injury.”

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84
Q

cisza

A

silence

If there is silence, there is no sound.

“The three men ate in silence.”,
“No sound broke the silence of the wintry landscape.”

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85
Q

milczenie

A

silence

a situation in which someone says nothing about a particular subject

“She ended her silence yesterday and spoke to a TV reporter about the affair.”

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86
Q

cisza

A

silence

a period of time when there is no sound or no talking

“an awkward/embarrassed silence”,
“There was a short silence while she thought about it.”

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87
Q

uciszać, zamknąć usta

A

silence

to stop something making a sound or stop someone from talking

“He silenced the alarm.”

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88
Q

uciszać, zamknąć usta

A

silence

to stop people from criticizing you by giving a good argument to support your opinion

“He seems to have silenced his critics.”

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89
Q

rzecz

A

thing

used to refer to an object without saying its name

“How do I switch this thing off?”,
“I need to get a few things in town.”

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90
Q

maleństwo, facet/ka, wraz z poprzedzającym przymiotnikiem często tłumaczymy jednym rzeczownikiem, np. biedactwo , szczęścia-rz/ra itp.

A

thing

used to refer to a person or animal when you are expressing your feelings towards them

“You look tired, you poor thing.”,
“He’s spending three months in Barbados, lucky thing!”

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91
Q

rzecz, coś

A

thing

used to refer to an idea, event, or activity

“I can’t believe Nick would say such a thing!”,
“Meeting Nina was the best thing that’s ever happened to me.”

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92
Q

choćby lub na przykład dlatego, że

A

thing

used to give a reason for something

“You can’t give Amy that shirt - for one thing it’s too small for her.”

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93
Q

tylko że, ale niestety

A

thing

used to introduce a problem that relates to something that you have just said

“I’d love to go out tonight, but the thing is, I’ve got to finish my report.”

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94
Q

(zupełnie) nic, (= z przeczeniem), coś

A

thing

used instead of ‘anything’ in order to emphasize what you are saying

“I haven’t got a thing to wear!”

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95
Q

mieć kota na punkcie czegoś/kogoś

A

thing

to like or dislike something or someone very much

“He’s got a thing about blonde women.”

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96
Q

to dobrze, dobrze się składa

A

thing

If it is a good thing that something happened, it is lucky that it happened.

“It’s a good thing that Jo was there to help you.”

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97
Q

z samego rana /tuż przed snem

A

thing

at the beginning/end of the day

“I’ll phone him first thing and tell him I can’t come.”,
“She likes a glass of milk last thing at night.”

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98
Q

być czyimś ulubionym zajęciem , być czymś , co ktoś lubi

A

thing

If an activity or subject is someone’s thing, they are very interested in it and like doing it.

“Jogging’s just not my thing - I prefer team sports.”

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99
Q

morze, ocean

A

sea

a large area of salt water

“I’d like to live by the sea.”,
“We went swimming in the sea.”,
“It was our third day at sea (= travelling on the sea).”,
“It’s cheaper to send parcels by sea (= on a ship).”

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100
Q

Morze

A

sea

a particular area of salt water

“the North Sea”,
“the Black Sea”

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101
Q

morze czegoś

A

sea

a large number of something

“He looked across the room and saw a sea of faces.”

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102
Q

era, epoka

A

era

a period of time in history that is special for a particular reason

“the Victorian era”,
“a new era of peace”

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103
Q

mój

A

mine

the things that belong or relate to the person who is speaking or writing

“I borrowed them from a friend of mine.”,
““Whose book is this?” “It’s mine.””,
“Can I use your pen? Mine’s not working.”

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104
Q

kopalnia

A

mine

an underground system of holes and passages where people dig out coal or other minerals

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105
Q

mina

A

mine

a bomb hidden in the ground or water that explodes when it is touched

“He was killed when he drove over a mine.”

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106
Q

wydobywać, poszukiwać

A

mine

to dig out of the ground minerals such as coal, metals, and valuable stones

“Tin was mined in this area for hundreds of years.”,
“He made his fortune mining for gold and diamonds.”

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107
Q

zaminować

A

mine

to put mines (= bombs) in the ground or water

“The southern coast was heavily mined during the war.”

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108
Q

propozycja, sugestia

A

suggestion

an idea or plan that someone suggests

“to make a suggestion “,
“Have you got any suggestions for improvements?”

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109
Q

oznaka czegoś , podejrzenie czegoś

A

suggestion

something that makes something seem likely to be true

“There’s no suggestion of any connection between the two men.”

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110
Q

za czyjąś radą lub namową

A

suggestion

following the advice that someone has given you

“We went to that restaurant at Paul’s suggestion.”

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111
Q

(swoje ) ja

A

self

your characteristics, including your personality, your abilities, etc

“our sense of self”,
“his true self”

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112
Q

być uzależnionym od kogoś/czegoś

A

rely

to need someone or something in order to be successful, work correctly, etc

“Families rely more on wives’ earnings than before.”

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113
Q

polegać na kimś/czymś

A

rely

to trust someone or something

“I know I can rely on you to help me.”

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114
Q

częsty

A

frequent

happening often

“He is a frequent visitor to the US.”

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115
Q

odwiedzać, bywać w

A

frequent

to go to a place often

“a bar frequented by criminals”

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116
Q

minuta

A

minute

a period of time equal to 60 seconds

“It’ll take you thirty minutes to get to the airport.”,
“She was ten minutes late for her interview.”,
““Did you have a good holiday?” “Yes, thanks. I enjoyed every minute of it.””,
“a thirty-minute journey”

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117
Q

minutka, chwila

A

minute

a very short period of time

“It’ll only take a minute to call him.”,
“I’ll be with you in a minute.”,
“She died within minutes of (= very soon after) the attack.”,
““When is Paul coming?” “He’ll be here in a minute.””

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118
Q

lada moment

A

minute

very soon

“Her train should be arriving any minute.”

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119
Q

ostatnia chwila

A

minute

the latest time possible

“The concert was cancelled at the last minute.”

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120
Q

(zaraz) jak tylko, zaraz jak

A

minute

as soon as

“I’ll tell you the minute we hear any news.”

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121
Q

Moment!, Chwileczkę!Moment!, Chwileczkę!

A

minute

used when asking someone to wait for a short timeused when you disagree with something that someone has said or done

“Just a minute - I’ve left my coat in the restaurant.”,
“Hold on a minute, Pete! I never said you could borrow my car.”

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122
Q

mikroskopijny

A

minute

extremely small

“a minute amount/quantity”

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123
Q

drobiazgowy, drobny

A

minute

done in great detail

“He explained everything in minute detail.”

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124
Q

droga, szosa

A

road

a long, hard surface built for vehicles to drive on

“Be careful when you cross the road.”,
“The journey takes about three hours by road (= in a car, bus, etc).”,
“Follow the main road (= large road) till you come to a church.”,
“a road accident”

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125
Q

ulica

A

road

used in the name of a road as part of an address

“142 Park Road”

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126
Q

trochę dalej, niedaleko

A

road

a distance away on the same road

“There’s a supermarket just down the road.”

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127
Q

po drugiej stronie (drogi )

A

road

on the other side of the road

“Who lives in that big house over the road?”

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128
Q

w drodze , w podróży

A

road

driving or travelling, usually over a long distance

“We’d been on the road for 48 hours.”

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129
Q

widzieć, zobaczyć

A

see

to notice people and things with your eyes

“Have you seen Jo?”,
“Turn the light on so I can see.”

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130
Q

rozumieć

A

see

to understand something

“I see what you mean.”,
“I don’t see why I should go.”

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131
Q

spotykać się z, iść do

A

see

to meet or visit someone

“I’m seeing Peter tonight.”,
“You should see a doctor.”

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132
Q

oglądać, widzieć

A

see

to watch a film, television programme, etc

“Did you see that programme last night?”

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133
Q

spojrzeć, sprawdzić

A

see

to find out information

“I’ll just see what time the train gets in.”

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134
Q

widzieć

A

see

to imagine or think about something or someone in a particular way

“I just can’t see him as a father.”

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135
Q

widzieć

A

see

to believe that something will happen

“I can’t see us finishing on time.”

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136
Q

przynosić, być świadkiem

A

see

to be the time or place where something happens

“This decade has seen huge technological advances.”

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137
Q

dopilnować żeby

A

see

If you ask someone to see that something happens, you want them to make sure it happens.

“Could you see that everyone gets a copy of this letter?”

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138
Q

odprowadzać kogoś do domu /na dworzec

A

see

to go somewhere with someone, especially to make sure they are safe

“Let me see you home.”

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139
Q

zastano-wię/wimy się, zobaczy się

A

see

used to say that you will make a decision about something later

"”Dad, can I have a guitar?” “We’ll see.””

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140
Q

na razie

A

see

used for saying goodbye

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141
Q

uczyć, kształcić

A

educate

to teach someone at a school or college

“She was educated ata private school.”

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142
Q

uświadamiać, informować

A

educate

to give people information about something so that they understand it better

“This is part of a campaign to educate people about the dangers of smoking.”

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143
Q

makijaż

A

makeup

coloured substances that a person puts on their face in order to make themselves more attractive

“to put on/take off make-up “,
“She doesn’t wear much make-up.”

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144
Q

rama

A

frame

a structure that goes around the edge of something such as a door, picture, window, or mirror

“a picture frame “,
“a window frame “

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145
Q

rama, szkielet

A

frame

the basic structure of a building, vehicle, or piece of furniture that other parts are added onto

“a bicycle frame”

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146
Q

sylwetka

A

frame

the shape of someone’s body

“his large/small frame”

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147
Q

oprawiać

A

frame

to put something such as a picture into a frame

“I’m going to frame this and put it on the wall.”

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148
Q

podkreślać, (zgrabnie) obramować

A

frame

to form an edge to something in an attractive way

“Dark hair framed her face.”

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149
Q

wrabiać

A

frame

to intentionally make it seem as if someone is guilty of a crime

“He claimed he had been framed by the police.”

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150
Q

formułować, układać

A

frame

to express something choosing your words carefully

“I tried to frame a suitable reply.”

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151
Q

przetrwać, zachować się, pozostawać

A

remain

to continue to exist when everything or everyone else has gone

“Only a few hundred of these animals remain today.”

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152
Q

zachować spokój/być otwartym itp. , pozostawać tajemnicą /więźniem itp.

A

remain

to continue to be in the same state

“Despite the chaos around him, he remained calm.”,
“The exact date of the wedding remains a secret.”

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153
Q

pozostawać na/w/z itp.

A

remain

to stay in the same place

“She will remain at her mother’s until I return.”

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154
Q

przepis

A

regulation

an official rule that controls how something is done

“building regulations”

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155
Q

regulacja, kontrola

A

regulation

the control of a process or activity

“government regulation of interest rates”

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156
Q

taktyka

A

tactic

a way of doing something that you plan in order to achieve what you want

“These bomb attacks represent a change of tactics by the terrorists.”

157
Q

rozróżniać, odróżniać

A

distinguish

to recognize the differences between two people, ideas, or things

“Children must learn to distinguish between right and wrong.”,
“People have difficulty distinguishing Tracy from her twin sister Mary.”

158
Q

wyróżniać, odróżniać

A

distinguish

to make one person or thing seem different from another

“His great skill distinguishes him from the rest of the team.”

159
Q

wyławiać, rozpoznawać

A

distinguish

to be able to see, hear, or understand something

160
Q

wyróżniać się

A

distinguish

to do something so well that people notice and admire you

161
Q

mieszkanie

A

flat

a set of rooms to live in, with all the rooms on one level of a building

“a large block of flats “

162
Q

płaski

A

flat

smooth and level, with no curved, high, or hollow parts

“a flat surface”,
“The countryside around here is very flat.”

163
Q

beznamiętny, pozbawiony entuzjazmu

A

flat

without any energy, interest, or emotion

“Her voice sounded very flat.”

164
Q

bez powietrza

A

flat

If a tyre is flat, it does not contain enough air.

165
Q

bez gazu , zwietrzały

A

flat

If a drink is flat, it does not contain enough bubbles of gas.

166
Q

rozładowany

A

flat

If a battery (= object which provides electricity) is flat, it does not contain any more electrical power.

167
Q

stała cena/stawka itp.

A

flat

a price/rate, etc that is the same for everyone and does not change

“He charges a flat rate of 15 euros an hour.”

168
Q

b/e-moll itp. , Uwaga: B flat to wyjątkowo dźwięk lub skala b (zamiast h-moll), nie b-moll ; wszystkie pozostałe dźwięki skali mają zawsze po polsku końcówkę -moll

A

flat

the musical note that is between the note B/E, etc and the note below it

169
Q

zbyt niski

A

flat

A flat musical note sounds unpleasant because it is slightly lower than it should be.

170
Q

płaski

A

flat

Flat shoes do not raise your feet far from the ground.

171
Q

płasko

A

flat

in a horizontal or level position on a surface

“She spread the cloth flat across the kitchen table.”

172
Q

na pełnych obrotach

A

flat

using all your energy or effort

“We’ve all been working flat out to finish the project on time.”

173
Q

dokładnie w 5 minut/30 sekund itp.

A

flat

in exactly and only 5 minutes, 30 seconds, etc

“He showered and got dressed in 10 minutes flat.”

174
Q

podczas, w czasie

A

during

for the whole of a period of time

“Emma’s usually at home during the day.”

175
Q

w ciągu , podczas, w trakcie

A

during

at a particular moment in a period of time

“We’ll arrange a meeting some time during the week.”

176
Q

piętnaście

A

fifteen

the number 15

177
Q

zwykle, zazwyczaj, na ogół

A

usually

in the way that most often happens

“I usually get home at about six o’clock.”,
“Usually I just have a sandwich.”

178
Q

efektywny, skuteczny

A

effective

successful or achieving the result that you want

“effective management”,
“What is the most effective way of teaching grammar?”

179
Q

wchodzić w życie

A

effective

If changes, laws, etc become effective, they officially start.

“The new tax law becomes effective on Monday.”

180
Q

faktyczny, rzeczywisty

A

effective

used to say what the real situation is although officially it is different

“She has effective control of the company.”

181
Q

udar

A

stroke

a sudden problem in your brain that changes the flow of blood and makes you unable to move part of your body

“to have/suffer a stroke “

182
Q

ruch, pociągnięcie

A

stroke

a movement that you make against something with your hand, a pen, brush, etc

“a brush stroke “

183
Q

styl (pływacki)

A

stroke

a style of swimming

184
Q

uderzenie

A

stroke

the action of moving your arm and hitting the ball in sports such as tennis, golf, etc

185
Q

głaskać

A

stroke

to gently move your hand over a surface

“to stroke a cat/dog”,
“He stroked her hair.”

186
Q

ocena, szacunek

A

estimate

a guess of what a size, value, amount, etc might be

“a rough estimate “

187
Q

wycena, kosztorys

A

estimate

a written document saying how much it will probably cost to do a job

“Can you give me an estimate for the work?”

188
Q

oceniać, szacować

A

estimate

to guess the cost, size, value, etc of something

“They estimate that a hundred people were killed in the accident.”,
“The number of dead is estimated at a hundred.”

189
Q

piłka nożna

A

football

a game in which two teams of players kick a round ball and try to score goals

“a game of football”,
“a football match/team “

190
Q

futbol amerykański

A

football

a game in which two teams of players try to kick, run with, or throw an oval ball across each other’s goal line

191
Q

piłka (nożna lub do nogi lub futbolowa )

A

football

a large ball for kicking, especially in football

192
Q

walczyć, bić się, toczyć

A

fight

When people fight, they use physical force to try to defeat each other.

“Two men were arrested for fighting outside a bar.”,
“Sam’s always fighting with his little brother.”

193
Q

walczyć, toczyć

A

fight

to take part in a war

“Millions of young men fought in World War I.”

194
Q

kłócić się

A

fight

to argue

“We’ve got to stop fighting in front of the children.”

195
Q

walczyć, zwalczać

A

fight

to try hard to stop something bad happening

“He fought against racism.”,
“New measures have been introduced to fight crime.”,
“Aspirin and vitamin C help fight colds and flu.”

196
Q

walczyć

A

fight

to try hard to achieve something you want or think is right

“They are fighting for their freedom.”,
“He had to fight very hard to keep his job.”

197
Q

walczyć o życie

A

fight

to be trying very hard to stay alive when you are very sick or badly injured

198
Q

bójka

A

fight

an occasion when people use physical force to hurt or attack others

“He’s always getting into fights.”

199
Q

kampania, walka

A

fight

a determined effort to achieve or stop something

“She was very active in the fight against drugs.”,
“Join us in our fight for freedom!”,
“the fight to save the whales”

200
Q

kłótnia

A

fight

an argument

“I don’t want to have a fight over this.”

201
Q

walka

A

fight

a boxing competition

202
Q

wątpliwość

A

doubt

the feeling of not being certain about something, or not trusting someone or something

“I have some doubts about his ability to do the job.”

203
Q

nie mieć wątpliwości

A

doubt

to be certain

“I have no doubt that I made the right decision.”

204
Q

nie ma wątpliwości , bez wątpienia

A

doubt

it is certain

“There is no doubt that he’s a good player.”

205
Q

stać pod znakiem zapytania

A

doubt

to not be certain

“The future of the project is in doubt.”

206
Q

podawać coś w wątpliwość

A

doubt

to make something seem uncertain

“Witnesses have cast doubt on the suspect’s innocence.”

207
Q

bez wątpienia

A

doubt

certainly

“She is without doubt a great musician.”

208
Q

na pewno, niewątpliwie

A

doubt

used to say that something is very likely

“No doubt she’ll spend the money on new clothes.”

209
Q

wątpić

A

doubt

to feel uncertain about something or think that something is not probable

“I doubt that I’ll get the job.”,
“I doubt if/whether he’ll win.”

210
Q

wątpić, niedowierzać

A

doubt

to not believe someone or something

“Do you have any reason to doubt her?”

211
Q

różnorodność

A

diversity

a situation in which many different types of things or people are included in something

“ethnic diversity”

212
Q

frustracja

A

frustration

the feeling of being annoyed because things are not happening in the way that you want, or in the way that they should

“I could sense his frustration at not being able to help.”

213
Q

zatrudnienie, praca

A

employment

paid work that someone does for a person or company

“full-time/part-time employment “,
“It is not easy to find employment in the countryside.”,
“employment opportunities/rights”

214
Q

zastosowanie

A

employment

the use of something

215
Q

rzeczy , rzecz, coś

A

stuff

used to refer to a substance or a group of things or ideas, etc without saying exactly what they are

“There’s some sticky stuff on the carpet.”,
“They sell bread and cakes and stuff like that.”,
“What sort of stuff are you interested in?”,
“Can I leave my stuff at your house?”

216
Q

wpychać coś gdzieś

A

stuff

to push something into a small space, often quickly or in a careless way

“He stuffed the papers into his briefcase and left.”

217
Q

wypełniać, napychać

A

stuff

to completely fill a container with something

“an envelope stuffed with money”

218
Q

faszerować, nadziewać

A

stuff

to fill meat, vegetables, etc with a mixture of food before you cook them

“stuffed peppers”

219
Q

wypychać

A

stuff

to fill the body of a dead animal with special material so that it looks as if it is still alive

220
Q

chwila, moment

A

moment

a very short period of time

“I’ll be back in a moment.”,
“For a moment I thought it was Anna.”,
“Could you wait a moment?”

221
Q

chwila, moment

A

moment

a point in time

“Just at that moment, the phone rang.”

222
Q

w tej chwili

A

moment

now

“I’m afraid she’s not here at the moment.”

223
Q

na razie

A

moment

If you do something for the moment, you are doing it now but might do something different in the future.

“For the moment, let’s do what we agreed to.”

224
Q

(zaraz) jak tylko, zaraz jak

A

moment

as soon as

“I’ll call you the moment I hear anything.”

225
Q

osiągać sukces lub powodzenie, ≈ udać się

A

succeed

to achieve what you are trying to achieve

“She has the skill and determination to succeed.”,
“He has finally succeeded in passing his exams.”

226
Q

zastępować, obejmować urząd po

A

succeed

to take an official job or position after someone else

“The Queen was succeeded by her eldest son when she died.”

227
Q

nie zgadzać się

A

disagree

to have a different opinion from someone else about something

“I disagree with most of what he said.”,
“Experts disagree about/on the causes of the disease.”

228
Q

model/ka

A

model

someone whose job is to wear fashionable clothes, be in photographs, etc in order to advertise things

“a fashion model”

229
Q

model

A

model

a smaller copy of a real object, often used to show how something works or what it looks like

“He makes models as a hobby.”

230
Q

wzór

A

model

someone or something that is an example for others to copy

“a model of good behaviour”

231
Q

model

A

model

a design of machine or car that is made by a particular company

“I think her car is a slightly older model.”

232
Q

pracować jako model/ka, prezentować

A

model

to wear clothes in fashion shows, magazines, etc as a model

“She’s been modelling for the same designer for years.”

233
Q

obniżka

A

reduction

the act of reducing something

“She refused to accept a reduction in wages.”,
“price reductions”

234
Q

redukcja

A

reduction

the process of adding one or more electrons to a substance or removing oxygen from a substance

235
Q

tuzin

A

dozen

twelve, or a group of twelve

“There were about a dozen people at the party.”

236
Q

dziesiątki

A

dozen

a lot

“She’s got dozens of friends.”

237
Q

równy, gładki

A

even

flat, level, or smooth

“Find an even surface to work on.”

238
Q

równy, równomierny

A

even

An even temperature or rate is regular and does not change very much.

“Walking at an even pace, they covered about four miles in the first hour.”

239
Q

parzysty

A

even

An even number is a number that can be exactly divided by two, for example four, six, or eight.

240
Q

kwita

A

even

not now owing someone money

“If you pay for my cinema ticket, we’ll be even.”

241
Q

wyrównany

A

even

An even race or competition is one that both players, teams, or people involved have an equal chance of winning.

242
Q

wyrównywać (z kimś ) rachunki

A

even

If you get even with someone who has done something bad to you, you do something bad to them.

243
Q

nawet

A

even

used to emphasize something that is surprising

“Everyone danced, even Mick.”,
“I said hello, but he didn’t even look at me.”

244
Q

jeszcze lepszy/szybszy/mniejszy itp.

A

even

used when comparing things, to emphasize the difference

“I think Alex is going to be even taller than his father.”

245
Q

nawet jeśli, nawet gdyby

A

even

used to emphasize that a particular situation would not change what you have just said

“I would never eat meat, even if I was really hungry.”

246
Q

chociaż, mimo że

A

even

although

“He still smokes, even though he’s got asthma.”

247
Q

mimo to

A

even

used to emphasize that something surprising is true despite what you have just said

“Car prices have gone down a lot, but even so, we couldn’t afford to buy one.”

248
Q

dramatyczny

A

dramatic

very sudden or noticeable

“a dramatic change/improvement “

249
Q

dramatyczny, widowiskowy

A

dramatic

full of action and excitement

“a dramatic rescue”

250
Q

dramatyczny

A

dramatic

relating to plays and acting

251
Q

dramatyczny

A

dramatic

showing your emotions in a very obvious way because you want other people to notice you

“Stop being so dramatic!”

252
Q

pisanie

A

writing

the skill or activity of producing words on a surface

“Teachers focus on reading and writing in the first year.”

253
Q

pismo

A

writing

words that have been written or printed

“The writing was too small to read.”

254
Q

pismo, charakter pisma

A

writing

the way that someone writes

“You’ve got very neat writing.”

255
Q

pisarstwo

A

writing

the books, stories, articles, etc written by a particular person or group of people

“She’s studying women’s writing of the 1930s.”

256
Q

pisarstwo

A

writing

the activity or job of creating books, stories, or articles

257
Q

na piśmie

A

writing

An agreement that is in writing is official because it has been written and not only spoken.

“Please confirm your reservation in writing.”

258
Q

wczoraj

A

yesterday

the day before today

“I went to see the doctor yesterday.”,
“yesterday morning/afternoon”

259
Q

super, świetny, świetnie

A

super

very good

“We had a super time.”

260
Q

super-

A

super

extremely or more than usual

“a supermodel”,
“super-rich”

261
Q

dolny

A

lower

being the bottom part of something

“I’ve got a pain in my lower back.”,
“She bit her lower lip.”

262
Q

obniżać, opuszczać, spuszczać

A

lower

to move something to a low position

“They lowered the coffin into the grave.”

263
Q

obniżać

A

lower

to reduce the amount of something

“I’ll join if they lower the entrance fee.”

264
Q

przepis

A

formula

a plan or method that is used to achieve something

“There’s no magic formula for success.”

265
Q

wzór

A

formula

a set of letters, numbers, or symbols that are used to express a mathematical or scientific rule

266
Q

receptura, skład

A

formula

a list of the substances that something is made of

267
Q

wzmacniać

A

reinforce

to make an existing opinion or idea stronger

“to reinforce a view/feeling”

268
Q

wzmacniać

A

reinforce

to make something stronger

“a security door reinforced by steel bars”,
“reinforced concrete”

269
Q

się, sobie, siebie, sobą

A

yourself

the reflexive form of the pronoun ‘you’

“Don’t cut yourself with that sharp knife.”

270
Q

sam

A

yourself

used to emphasize the pronoun ‘you’ when talking about the actions of the person you are speaking to

“Did you make the dress yourself?”

271
Q

(całkiem) sam/sami

A

yourself

alone or without anyone else’s help

“I’m amazed you managed to move those boxes all by yourself.”

272
Q

(tylko) dla siebie

A

yourself

for your use only

“So you’ve got the whole house to yourself this weekend?”

273
Q

szeptać

A

whisper

to speak extremely quietly so that other people cannot hear

“She whispered something to the girl sitting next to her.”

274
Q

wypracowanie, esej

A

essay

a short piece of writing about a particular subject, especially one written by a student

“He wrote an essay on modern Japanese literature.”

275
Q

ruch

A

motion

the way something moves or the fact that it is moving

“The motion of the boat made him feel sick.”

276
Q

ruch

A

motion

a single action or movement

“She made a motion with her hand.”

277
Q

wniosek

A

motion

a suggestion that you make in a formal meeting or court of law

“to propose/oppose a motion “

278
Q

nadawać czemuś bieg, wprawiać coś w ruch

A

motion

to make something start to happen

279
Q

skinąć na kogoś , aby coś zrobił

A

motion

to make a movement as a sign for someone to do something

“She motioned him to sit down.”

280
Q

ulica

A

street

a road in a town or city that has houses or other buildings

“We live on the same street.”,
“a street map”

281
Q

udany, pomyślny

A

successful

achieving what you want to achieve

“If the operation is successful, she should be walking within a few months.”

282
Q

odnoszący sukcesy

A

successful

having achieved a lot or made a lot of money through your work

“a successful businessman”

283
Q

cieszący się powodzeniem

A

successful

very popular

“a successful book/film”

284
Q

sprawność (fizyczna ), forma, kondycja

A

fitness

the condition of being physically strong and healthy

“physical fitness “

285
Q

zdatność

A

fitness

the quality of being suitable for a particular purpose, job, course of study, etc

“The purpose of the exercise is to judge a soldier’s fitness for combat.”

286
Q

średni

A

media

in the middle of a group of different amounts or sizes

“people of medium weight”,
“She bought a medium-sized car.”,
“The shirt comes in small, medium, and large.”

287
Q

medium, środek (przekazu )

A

media

a way of communicating or expressing something

“the medium of television/radio”,
“The Internet has become yet another medium for marketing.”

288
Q

rejon, okolica, region

A

region

a particular area in a country or the world

“China’s coastal region”

289
Q

okolica

A

region

an area of the body

“pain in the lower abdominal region”

290
Q

około czegoś

A

region

approximately

“It probably cost somewhere in the region of 900 euros.”

291
Q

pierwszy

A

first

coming before all others

“Who was the first person to arrive at the party?”,
“He was nervous on his first day at school.”,
“Her first novel didn’t sell very well.”,
“They went abroad last year for the first time since having children.”

292
Q

pierwszy

A

first

1st written as a word

293
Q

pierwszy

A

first

most important

“Sheila won first prize in the photo competition.”

294
Q

najpierw, jako pierwszy

A

first

before everything or everyone else

“I can go to the cinema, but I’ve got to do my homework first.”,
“Jason came first in the 400 metres (= he won).”

295
Q

po raz pierwszy

A

first

for the first time

“I first heard the song on the radio.”,
“He first started playing the piano at school.”

296
Q

na początku , z początku

A

first

at the beginning of a situation or period of time

“At first I thought she was unfriendly, but actually she is just shy.”

297
Q

po pierwsze przede wszystkim

A

first

used to introduce the first idea, reason, etc in a seriesbefore doing anything else

“First, I think we have to change our marketing strategy.”,
“First of all check you have all the correct ingredients.”

298
Q

być na pierwszym miejscu

A

first

to be the most important person or thing

“Her career always comes first.”

299
Q

stawiać kogoś/coś na pierwszym miejscu

A

first

to consider someone or something to be the most important thing

“Most couples put their children first when sorting out their problems.”

300
Q

kto pierwszy ten lepszy

A

first

something you say when there is not enough of something for everyone and only the first people who ask for it will get it

301
Q

pierwszy

A

first

the first person, people, thing, or things

“Hillary and Norgay were the first to climb Everest.”,
“I enjoyed his second novel more than the first.”

302
Q

otwierać drogę , przecierać szlaki

A

first

to be something that has never happened before

“Man walking on the moon was a first in space history.”

303
Q

dyplom z wyróżnieniem

A

first

the highest exam result that you can achieve at the end of a university course in the UK

304
Q

zaskakujący, nieoczekiwany, dziwny

A

surprisingly

not expected and making someone feel surprised

“It’s not surprising you’re putting on weight, the amount you’re eating!”

305
Q

wschodni

A

eastern

in or from the east part of an area

“eastern Europe”

306
Q

wschodni, Wschodu

A

eastern

in or from the countries of Asia

“Eastern philosophy”,
“an Eastern religion”,
“Eastern cuisine”,
“The Eastern religions interest me more.”

307
Q

odzwierciedlać

A

reflect

to show or be a sign of something

“The statistics reflect a change in people’s spending habits.”

308
Q

odbijać

A

reflect

If a surface reflects heat, light, sound, etc, it sends the light, etc back and does not absorb it.

309
Q

odbijać (się)

A

reflect

If a surface such as a mirror or water reflects something, you can see the image of that thing in the mirror, water, etc.

“He saw himself reflected in the shop window.”

310
Q

zastanawiać się rozmyślać

A

reflect

to think in a serious and careful way

“In prison, he had plenty of time to reflect on the crimes he had committed.”

311
Q

księżyc

A

moon

the round object that shines in the sky at night and moves around the Earth

312
Q

księżyc w pierwszej lub ostatniej kwadrze /pełni /nowiu

A

moon

the shape made by the amount of the moon that you can see at a particular time

313
Q

księżyc

A

moon

a round object like the moon that moves around another planet

“The planet Saturn has eighteen moons.”

314
Q

kilka, parę

A

few

some, or a small number of

“She’s staying at the cottage for a few days.”,
“It’ll be here in a few minutes.”,
“I met a few of the other employees at my interview.”

315
Q

sporo

A

few

quite a large number of

“Quite a few people have had the same problem.”

316
Q

niewiele, mało

A

few

not many, or only a small number of

“We get few complaints.”,
“Few of the children can read or write yet.”,
“Very few people can afford to pay those prices.”

317
Q

bardzo rzadki

A

few

not happening or existing very often

“Opportunities like this are few and far between.”

318
Q

restauracja

A

restaurant

a place where you can buy and eat a meal

“an Italian/vegetarian restaurant”,
“We had lunch at/in a restaurant near the station.”

319
Q

wartość

A

value

how much money something could be sold for

“The new road has affected the value of these houses.”,
“Cars quickly go down in value.”

320
Q

wartość

A

value

how useful or important something is

“a document of great historical value”

321
Q

dobry interes

A

value

If something is good value, it is of good quality or there is a lot of it so you think the amount of money you spent on it was right.

“The meal was very good value.”

322
Q

cenić (sobie)

A

value

If you value something or someone, they are very important to you.

“I always value his opinion.”

323
Q

wyceniać

A

value

to judge how much money something could be sold for

“The ring was valued at $1000.”

324
Q

słodki

A

sweet

with a taste like sugar

“It was covered in a very sweet chocolate sauce.”

325
Q

słodki

A

sweet

attractive, often because of being small

“Look at that kitten - isn’t she sweet?”

326
Q

miły, kochany

A

sweet

kind and friendly

“It was really sweet of you to come.”

327
Q

słodki

A

sweet

A sweet smell or sound is pleasant.

328
Q

cukierek, ≈ słodycze

A

sweet

a small piece of sweet food, often made of sugar or chocolate

“You shouldn’t eat so many sweets - they’re bad for your teeth.”

329
Q

wymaganie

A

requirement

something that is needed or demanded

“college entrance requirements “,
“Valid insurance is a legal requirement.”

330
Q

itp.

A

etc

abbreviation for et cetera: used at the end of a list to show that other things or people could also be added to it

331
Q

oni, one

A

they

used as the subject of the verb when referring to a group of people, animals, or things that have already been talked about

“I saw Kate and Nigel yesterday - they came over for dinner.”,
““Have you seen my car keys?” “They’re on the kitchen table.””

332
Q

on, ona

A

they

used to refer to a person when you want to avoid saying ‘he’ or ‘she’ or when you do not know if the person is male or female

“Someone I met at a party said they knew you.”

333
Q

ludzie , wyraża stwierdzenia ogólne, bezosobowe, tłumaczone w różny sposób, np. mówi się , podobno itp.

A

they

people in general

“They say that breaking a mirror brings you seven years’ bad luck.”

334
Q

zapewniać, upewniać się, dopilnować

A

ensure

to make certain that something is done or happens

“Please ensure that all examination papers have your name at the top.”

335
Q

ramy

A

framework

a system of rules, ideas, or beliefs that is used to plan or decide something

“a legal framework for resolving disputes”

336
Q

szkielet, struktura

A

framework

the basic structure that supports something such as a vehicle or building and gives it its shape

337
Q

czysty

A

pure

A pure substance is not mixed with anything else.

“pure gold”,
“pure wool”

338
Q

czysty

A

pure

used to emphasize that a feeling, quality, or state is completely and only that thing

“pure coincidence “,
“Her face had a look of pure delight.”

339
Q

czysty

A

pure

clean and healthy

“pure air/water “

340
Q

matematyka/fizyka itp. czysta

A

pure

the study of mathematics/physics, etc based only on ideas and not on practical use

341
Q

czysty

A

pure

completely good and not having any bad qualities or bad morals

342
Q

lot

A

flight

a journey in an aircraft

“Have you booked your flight yet?”,
“The flight to Chicago took 4 hours.”

343
Q

lot

A

flight

an aircraft that carries passengers from one place to another

“Flight 102 is ready for boarding at Gate 3.”

344
Q

lot

A

flight

the movement of flying or moving through the air

“an eagle in flight”

345
Q

piętro, kondygnacja

A

flight

a set of stairs

“The lift was broken so we had to climb six flights of stairs.”

346
Q

przedstawiać

A

portray

If a book or film portrays someone or something, it describes or shows them.

“Both novels portray the lives of professional athletes.”,
“In the movie he’s portrayed as a hero.”

347
Q

grać, odtwarzać rolę

A

portray

to act the part of a character in a film or play

348
Q

zmiana, zwrot

A

shift

a change in something

“There has been a dramatic shift in public opinion on this matter.”

349
Q

zmiana

A

shift

a period of work in a place such as a factory or hospital

“afternoon/night shift “,
“He works an eight-hour shift.”

350
Q

przesuwać

A

shift

to change something

“We are trying to shift the emphasis from curing illness to preventing it.”

351
Q

przenosić

A

shift

to move something to another place

“We need to shift all these boxes into the other room.”

352
Q

przemieszczać, kręcić się

A

shift

to move into a different position

“He shifted uncomfortably in his seat.”

353
Q

zmieniać, wrzucać

A

shift

to change the position of the gears (= parts that control how fast the wheels turn) in a vehicle

“to shift gears “,
“She shifted into neutral and turned off the engine.”

354
Q

brać, zabierać

A

take

to get and carry something with you when you go somewhere

“I always take my mobile phone with me.”

355
Q

brać, zabierać

A

take

to go somewhere with someone, often paying for them or being responsible for them

“I took the kids to the park.”,
“I’m taking my wife to Florence for the weekend.”

356
Q

brać, zabierać

A

take

to remove something without permission

“Someone’s taken my coat.”

357
Q

brać, zabierać

A

take

to get hold of something and move it

“He reached across and took the glass from her.”

358
Q

przyjmować

A

take

to accept something

“So, are you going to take the job?”,
“Do you take credit cards?”

359
Q

zajmować, zabierać, wymagać

A

take

If something takes a particular amount of time, or a particular quality, you need that amount of time or that quality in order to be able to do it.

“It’s taken me three days to get here.”,
“It takes a lot of courage to stand up and talk in front of so many people.”

360
Q

brać

A

take

to swallow or use medicine

“Take two tablets, three times a day.”

361
Q

mierzyć

A

take

to measure something

“Have you taken her temperature?”

362
Q

nosić

A

take

to wear a particular size of clothes

“I take a size 12 in trousers.”

363
Q

mieścić

A

take

to have enough space for a particular number of people or things

“There’s six of us and the car only takes five.”

364
Q

jechać

A

take

to travel somewhere by using a bus, train, car, etc, or by using a particular road

“Are you taking the train to Edinburgh?”,
“Take the A316 towards Richmond.”

365
Q

robić przerwę /odpoczynek itp.

A

take

to stop working for a period

“If you’re tired, take a rest.”

366
Q

znajdować przyjemność/być dumnym /interesować się itp.

A

take

to have a particular, good feeling about something that you do

“I take great pleasure in cooking.”,
“These women take their jobs very seriously (= think their jobs are very important).”

367
Q

spoglądać

A

take

to look at something

“Take a look at these photos.”

368
Q

przyjmować, rozumieć

A

take

to understand something in a particular way

“Whatever I say she’ll take it the wrong way.”

369
Q

rozumiem , że

A

take

used when you think that what you say is probably true

“I take it you’re not coming with us.”

370
Q

nie móc czegoś znieść, mieć czegoś dosyć

A

take

to not be able to deal with an unpleasant situation

“We argue all the time - I really can’t take it any more.”

371
Q

możesz mi wierzyć

A

take

accept that what I say is true, because I know or have experienced it

“You could be doing a much less interesting job, take it from me.”

372
Q

radzić sobie z czymś na bieżąco

A

take

to deal with something as it happens, without planning for it

“With an illness like this you just have to take every day as it comes.”

373
Q

zajmować

A

take

to get control of something by force

“By morning they had taken the city.”

374
Q

użytkownik

A

user

someone who uses a product, machine, or service

“drug users”,
“a new service for Internet users”

375
Q

(na) zawsze, wiecznie

A

forever

for all time in the future

“I’ll love you forever.”

376
Q

całe wieki

A

forever

used to emphasize that something takes a long time

“The journey home took forever.”

377
Q

wiecznie

A

forever

used to emphasize that something happens often

“She is forever helping people.”

378
Q

emocjonalny, uczuciowy

A

emotional

relating to emotions

“a child’s emotional development”

379
Q

emocjonalny, poruszony, poruszający

A

emotional

showing strong feelings, or making people have strong feelings

“an emotional speech”,
“After the argument, I was feeling confused and emotional.”

380
Q

uczuciowy

A

emotional

An emotional person shows their emotions very easily or very often.

381
Q

przeciwny, przeciw

A

against

disagreeing with a plan or activity

“Andrew wants to change offices but I’m against it.”,
“There were 70 votes for the new proposal and 30 against.”

382
Q

przeciw, z

A

against

competing with or opposing someone or something

“Liverpool is playing against AC Milan.”,
“the fight against racism”

383
Q

do, o

A

against

touching something

“Push the bed against the wall.”

384
Q

na, przed, przeciw

A

against

protecting you from something bad

“Fresh fruit in the diet may protect against cancer.”

385
Q

pod

A

against

in the opposite direction to the way something is moving

“I was cycling against the wind.”

386
Q

wbrew prawu /zasadom

A

against

forbidden by a law or by rules

“It’s against the law to leave young children alone in the house.”

387
Q

wbrew czyimś radom /życzeniom itp.

A

against

If you do something against someone’s advice, wishes, etc, you do it although they have said you should not or must not.

“He flew there against his doctor’s advice.”

388
Q

mieć coś przeciwko komuś/czemuś

A

against

to have a reason not to like someone or something

“I have nothing against him personally, I just don’t think he’s the right man for the job.”

UK PLAN (30 decks)

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