Deck 15 Flashcards
wprowadzać
introduce
to make something exist, happen, or be used for the first time
“CD players were first introduced in 1983.”,
“We have introduced a new training schedule for employees.”
przedstawiać
introduce
to tell someone another person’s name the first time that they meet
“He took me round the room and introduced me to everyone.”,
“Emma introduced herself and they shook hands.”
przedstawiać, zapowiadać
introduce
to tell an audience who is going to speak to them or perform for them
“I’d like to introduce Rachel Elliott who is our speaker this evening.”
zgubić
lose
to not be able to find someone or something
“I’ve lost my passport.”,
“She’s always losing her car keys.”
stracić
lose
to stop having someone or something that you had before
“She lost a leg in a car accident.”,
“I hope he doesn’t lose his job.”,
“He lost his mother (= his mother died) last year.”
stracić
lose
to have less of something than you had before
“She’s lost a lot of weight.”,
“He’s losing his hair.”,
“to lose your memory”
przegrać
lose
If you lose a game, competition, or election, the team or person that you are competing with wins.
“Chelsea lost by a goal.”,
“They’re losing 3-1.”,
“They hadn’t lost an election in 15 years.”
stracić wiarę/zainteresowanie/cierpliwość itp.
lose
to stop feeling something good
“I’m rapidly losing interest in the whole subject.”,
“He kept on crying and I lost my patience.”,
“I’ve lost faith in doctors.”
tracić
lose
If you lose a number of hours or days, you cannot work during this time.
“Four million hours were lost last year through stress-related illnesses.”
spóźniać się
lose
If a clock loses time, it goes slower than it should.
“My watch loses ten minutes every day.”
namieszać, zdezorientować
lose
to confuse someone so that they do not understand something
“No, you’ve lost me there - can you explain that again?”
wyrzucić
lose
to take something away, usually because it looks bad.
“Lose the belt, Andrea, it looks ridiculous with that dress.”
stracić równowagę
lose
to fall because you are leaning too much to one side
stracić rachubę
lose
to forget the exact number
“I’ve lost count of how many times I’ve called her.”
stracić życie
lose
to die
“Millions of young men lost their lives in the war.”
chmura
cloud
a white or grey mass that floats in the sky, made of small water drops
“rain/storm clouds”,
“The entire region is covered in thick cloud.”
chmura
cloud
a mass of gas or very small pieces of something floating in the air
“a cloud of dust/smoke”
zaciemniać
cloud
to make someone confused, or make something harder to understand
“to cloud someone’s judgment/vision “
zmącić (się)
cloud
If something transparent clouds, it becomes hard to see through, and if something clouds it, it makes it hard to see through.
tkanka
tissue
the material that animals and plants are made of
“human brain tissue”
chusteczka (jednorazowa lub higieniczna )
tissue
a soft piece of paper that you use for cleaning your nose
bibułka
tissue
soft, thin paper that you cover things with in order to protect them
zwiększać (się), wzrastać
increase
to get bigger or to make something bigger in size or amount
“Eating fatty food increases the risk of heart disease.”,
“Exports of computers have increased by 15% since January.”,
“increased demand/competition”,
“Her anxieties are shared by an increasing number of women.”
wzrost
increase
a rise in the number, size, or amount of something
“a price/tax increase”,
“We are seeing an increase in standards of living.”
rosnący
increase
If something is on the increase, it is happening more often.
“Violent crime is on the increase.”
koszt
expense
the money that you spend on something
“You have to pay your own medical expenses.”,
“He eventually found her the car she wanted, at great expense (= it cost him a lot of money).”
kosztem czegoś
expense
If you do one thing at the expense of another, doing the first thing harms the second thing.
“He spent a lot of time at work, at the expense of his marriage.”
na czyjś kosztczyimś kosztem
expense
If you do something at someone’s expense, they pay for it.in order to make someone look stupid
“We went on holiday at my father’s expense.”,
“Stop making jokes at my expense.”
okazja, raz
occasion
a time when something happens
“a previous/separate occasion”,
“We met on several occasions to discuss the issue.”
okazja
occasion
an important event or ceremony
“a special occasion “,
“She bought a new dress for the occasion.”
sporadycznie, czasami, czasem
occasion
sometimes, but not often
“I only drink alcohol on occasion.”
oznaka, znak
indication
a sign showing that something exists or is likely to be true
“There are strong indications that the case will be referred to the Court of Appeal.”
oznaka, znak
indication
a sign showing what someone means or what they intend to do
“Helen’s face gave no indication of what she was thinking.”
lista, spis
list
a series of names, numbers, or items that are written one below the other
“a shopping list “,
“Is your name on the list?”,
“Make a list of everything you need.”
wymieniać, wyliczać
list
to make a list, or to include something in a list
“The directory lists only small businesses.”,
“All participants’ names are listed alphabetically.”
cichy, bezgłośny
silent
without any sound
“The building was dark and silent.”,
“At last the guns fell silent.”
małomówny
silent
without talking
“He remains silent about his plans.”
niemy
silent
If a letter in a word is silent, it is not pronounced.
“The ‘p’ in ‘receipt’ is silent.”
trwały
permanent
continuing forever or for a long time
“permanent damage”,
“a permanent job”
list
letter
a written message that you send to someone, usually by post
“I got a letter from Paul this morning.”
litera
letter
a symbol that is used in written language and that represents a sound in that language
“the letter K”
wyjątkowy
extraordinary
very special, unusual, or strange
“an extraordinary tale of courage”,
“She was an extraordinary young woman.”,
“How extraordinary that you should be here too!”
zły, rozgniewany
angry
having a strong feeling against someone who has behaved badly, making you want to shout at them or hurt them
“He’s really angry at/with me for upsetting Sophie.”,
“I don’t understand what he’s angry about.”
wzmacniać (się)
strengthen
to become stronger or make something become stronger
“exercises to strengthen the leg muscles”
strategia
strategy
a plan that you use to achieve something
“an economic strategy “,
“a long-term strategy “
strategia
strategy
the act of planning how to achieve something
“a military strategy “
farba
paint
a coloured liquid that you put on a surface to decorate it
“a gallon of blue paint”,
“The door needs another coat (= layer) of paint.”
malować, pomalować
paint
to cover a surface with paint in order to decorate it
“We’ve painted the kitchen yellow.”
malować
paint
to produce a picture of something or someone using paint
“I learned to paint in Italy.”,
“These pictures were all painted by local artists.”
liga
league
a group of teams that compete against each other in a sport
“top/bottom of the league”,
“major/minor league baseball “,
“Who won the league championship this year?”
być w zmowie z kimś
league
to be secretly working or planning something with someone, usually to do something bad
nie dorównywać komuś/czemuś
league
to not be as good as someone or something
“It’s a nice enough restaurant but it’s not in the same league as Rossi’s.”
organizacja
organization
an official group of people who work together for the same purpose
“a charitable/voluntary organization “
organizacja
organization
the way that parts of something are arranged
“Better organization of the office would improve efficiency.”
organizacja
organization
the planning of an activity or event
“Who was responsible for the organization of the conference?”
na, za
per
for each
“Our hotel room costs $60 per night.”,
“The speed limit is 100 kilometres per hour.”,
“The wedding dinner will cost £30 per head (= for each person).”
brak czegoś
lack
not having something, or not having enough of something
“a lack of food/money”,
“a lack of facilities for young people”
nie mieć, ≈ brakować komuś czegoś
lack
to not have something, or not have enough of something
“She really lacks confidence.”
≈ brakować czegoś
lack
If something that you need is lacking, you do not have enough of it.
“Enthusiasm has been sadly lacking these past few months at work.”
≈ brakować komuś czegoś
lack
to not have a quality
“He’s totally lacking in charm of any sort.”
gest
gesture
a movement you make with your hand, arm, or head to express what you are thinking or feeling
“He made a rude gesture at the crowd.”
gest
gesture
something you do to show people how you feel about a person or situation
“It would be a nice gesture to invite her to dinner.”
wskazywać, dawać lub uczynić znak
gesture
to point at something or express something using your hand, arm, or head
“He gestured towards the window.”
w związku z
regarding
about or relating to
“I am writing to you regarding your application dated 29 April.”
negocjować
negotiate
to try to make or change an agreement by discussion
“to negotiate with employers about working conditions”
przebyć, pokonywać
negotiate
to successfully move around, through, or past something
“to negotiate your way around/through a city”
jasny, wyraźny
clear
easy to understand
“clear instructions”
wyraźny
clear
easy to hear, read, or see
“These photos are very clear.”,
“Can we make the sound any clearer?”
wyraźny, jednoznaczny
clear
not possible to doubt
“The evidence against him was clear.”,
“It was clear that Leif was angry.”,
“Ella made it clear that she didn’t like James.”
pewny, jasny
clear
certain about something
“Are you clear about how to get there?”,
“I’m not very clear why she phoned.”
pusty
clear
not covered or blocked by anything
“a clear road”,
“a clear desk”
czysty
clear
A clear sky does not have any clouds.
czysty
clear
easy to see through
“clear water”,
“clear glass”
opróżniać
clear
to remove all the objects or people from a place
“to clear a room/shelf”,
“Police cleared the building because of a bomb threat.”
przejaśniać się
clear
If the sky or weather clears, the clouds and rain disappear.
oczyścić z zarzutów
clear
to prove that someone is not guilty of something that they were accused of
“The jury cleared him of murder.”
zostać rozliczonym
clear
If a cheque (= printed paper used to pay for things) clears, the money goes from one person’s bank account to another person’s bank account.
pokonać
clear
to jump over something without touching it
“The horse easily cleared the fence.”
uzyskać lub dać pozwolenie
clear
to give or get permission to do something
“The plane is cleared for take-off.”,
“You have to clear it with the headteacher if you want a day off school.”
z dala
clear
away from something so that you are not touching it
“Stand clear of the doors, please.”
niewinnyna prostej , na plusie
clear
not responsible for a mistake or crimenot in a difficult situation or having problems any more
“We have had money problems but we should be in the clear by next year.”
proces
lawsuit
a legal complaint against someone that does not usually involve the police
“The tenants have filed a lawsuit against their landlord.”
osobisty
personal
relating to or belonging to a particular person
“I can only speak from my own personal experience. “,
“Please ensure you take all personal belongings with you when you leave the train.”,
“This is a personal view and not that of the government.”
prywatny, osobisty
personal
relating to the private parts of someone’s life, including their relationships and feelings
“He’s got a few personal problems at the moment.”,
“She prefers to keep her personal and professional lives separate.”
osobisty, indywidualny
personal
designed for or used by one person
“a personal computer/tutor”,
“a personal loan/pension”
napastliwy
personal
rude about or offensive towards someone
“I know you’re upset, but there’s no need to get personal (= start making offensive remarks).”
osobisty
personal
relating to your body
“personal hygiene “
dzieciństwo
childhood
the part of your life when you are a child
kobieta
woman
an adult female person
“a 30-year-old woman”,
“There were two women at the bus stop.”
dyskusja
discussion
a conversation in which people talk about something and tell each other their ideas or opinions
“They were having a discussion about football.”,
“Several ideas are still under discussion (= being discussed).”
mężczyzna
man
an adult male human
“a young/tall man”,
“men and women”
człowiek
man
used to refer to both men and women
“Man is still more intelligent than the cleverest robot.”
obsadzać, obsługiwać
man
to be present somewhere, especially in order to operate a machine
“The emergency room is manned 24 hours a day.”
być gotowym lub skłonnym do czegoś
willing
to be happy to do something, if you need to
“He’s willing to pay a lot of money for that house.”
chętny, ochoczy
willing
wanting to do something
“He is a very willing assistant.”
osobiście
personally
done by you and not someone else
“I’d like to personally apologize for the delay.”
jeśli o mnie chodzi
personally
used when you are going to give your opinion
“Personally, I’d rather stay at home and watch TV.”
brać coś do siebie
personally
to think that someone is criticizing you when they are not
“You mustn’t take everything so personally.”
spadek, obniżenie
decline
a situation in which something becomes less in amount, importance, quality, or strength
“a steady decline in sales/standards”
nie przyjmować, odmawiać
decline
If you decline something, you refuse it politely.
“She declined his offer of a lift.”,
“He declined to comment.”
zmniejszać się, obniżać się
decline
to become less in amount, importance, quality, or strength
“Sales of records have declined steadily.”
prawie nie, ledwie, ledwo
hardly
almost not, or only a very small amount
“I was so tired that I could hardly walk.”,
“We’ve hardly ever spoken to each other.”,
“There’s hardly any food left in the fridge.”
raczej nie
hardly
used to emphasize that you think something is not likely, true, possible, etc
“I hardly think she’ll want to talk to me now that I have a new girlfriend.”
grać (w/z)
play
to take part in a sport or game
“You play tennis, don’t you Sam?”,
“We often used to play cards.”,
“I used to play netball for my school.”,
“I’m playing Tony (= playing against Tony) at squash tonight.”,
“Two of the team weren’t playing because they were injured.”,
“Barcelona are playing against Real Madrid tonight.”
bawić się (w)
play
If children play, they enjoy themselves with toys and games.
“She likes playing with her dolls.”,
“Emma won’t play with me.”
grać (na)
play
to make music with a musical instrument
“Tim was playing the piano.”
grać, nadawać, odtwarzać
play
If a radio, record, etc plays, it produces sounds, or if you play a radio, record, etc you make it produce sounds.
“A radio was playing in the background.”,
“He plays his records late into the night.”
grać
play
to be a character in a film or play
“Morgan played the father in the film version.”
zrobić komuś dowcip/kawał
play
to deceive someone as a joke
“I played a trick on her and pretended we’d eaten all the food.”
sztuka
play
a story that is written for actors to perform, usually in a theatre
“We saw a play at the National Theatre.”,
“Most schools usually put on a play (= perform a play) at Christmas.”
gra
play
the activity of taking part in a sport or a game
“The West Indies were in the lead when rain stopped play.”
zabawa
play
the activity of enjoying yourself with toys and games
“a play area “
wyobrażać sobie
imagine
to create an idea or picture of something in your mind
“Imagine being able to travel in space.”,
“You can imagine how pleased I was when the letter arrived.”
wyobrażać sobie
imagine
to believe that something is probably true
“I imagine he must be under a lot of pressure at the moment.”
≈ zdawać się, wydawać się
imagine
to think that you hear or see something that does not really exist
“I can’t hear anything - you must be imagining it.”
rozwijać (się)
developing
to grow or change and become more advanced, or to make someone or something do this
“The baby develops inside the mother for nine months.”,
“She’s taking a course to develop her computer skills.”,
“He’s developing into a very good tennis player.”
opracowywać
developing
to make something new such as a product
“Scientists are developing new drugs all the time.”
nabywać, ≈ pojawiać się
developing
to start to have something, such as an illness, problem, or feeling
“Shortly after take-off the plane developed engine trouble.”,
“He’s recently developed an interest in football.”
pojawiać się
developing
to start to happen or exist
“Further problems may develop if you do not deal with this now.”
wywoływać
developing
to use special chemicals on a piece of film to make photographs appear
“I need to get my holiday photos developed.”
zagospodarować
developing
to build houses, factories, shops, etc on a piece of land
papieros
cigarette
a thin tube of paper filled with tobacco, that people smoke
znosić
bear
to accept someone or something unpleasant
“She couldn’t bear the thought of him suffering.”,
“I like her, but I can’t bear her friends.”,
“How can you bear to watch?”,
“The pain was too much to bear.”
wykazywać podobieństwo do kogoś/czegoś /związek z kimś/czymś itp.
bear
to be similar to someone or something
“He bears a striking resemblance to his father.”
nieść
bear
to carry something
“He came in, bearing a tray of drinks.”
wytrzymać, podtrzymywać
bear
to support the weight of something
“I don’t think that chair will bear his weight.”
ponosić odpowiedzialność/koszty
bear
to accept that you are responsible for something, you should pay for something, etc
“He must bear some responsibility for the appalling conditions in the prison.”
nosić (= urazę)
bear
to continue to have a bad feeling towards someone
“They were rude to her in the past, but she’s not the kind of woman who bears grudges (= continues to be angry).”
rodzić
bear
to give birth to a child
“She has been told that she will never bear children.”
nosić
bear
to have or show a particular name, picture, or symbol
“The shop bore his family name.”
skręcać w lewo/prawo
bear
to turn left or right
“Bear right at the next set of traffic lights.”
niedźwiedź
bear
a large, strong, wild animal with thick fur
zegar
clock
a piece of equipment that shows you what time it is, usually in a house or on a building
“She could hear the hall clock ticking.”
licznik
clock
a piece of equipment in a vehicle for measuring how far it has travelled
“The car has 63,000 kilometres on the clock. “
24 godziny na dobę
clock
all day and all night
“Rescue teams are working round the clock to search for survivors of the earthquake.”
walczyć z czasem
clock
to do something as fast as you can in order to finish before a particular time
gra
game
an entertaining activity or sport that people play, usually needing some skill and played according to rules
“a computer game “,
“Football’s an exciting game.”,
“Hockey can be quite a rough game.”,
“Do you want to play a different game?”
mecz, partia
game
a particular occasion when people play a game
“Would you like a game of chess?”,
“Who won yesterday’s game?”
wuef, wychowanie fizyczne
game
organized sports that children do at school
“I always hated games at school.”,
“a games teacher”
igrzyska Europy/WspólnotyNarodów itp.
game
a special event where there are lots of competitions for different sports
plan
game
a secret plan
“What’s your game?”
zwierzyna (łowna )
game
wild animals and birds that are hunted for food or sport
chętny, gotowy
game
willing to do new things, or things that involve a risk
“She’s game for anything.”
alkohol
alcohol
drinks such as wine and beer that can make you drunk
alkohol
alcohol
a liquid that has no colour and is in drinks that make you drunk
dyrektor, kierownik
director
an important manager in an organization or company
“Meet the new sales director.”
reżyser
director
someone who tells the actors in a film or play what to do
“the famous film director, Alfred Hitchcock”
program
program
a set of instructions that you put into a computer to make it do something
“to write a computer program “
program
program
US spelling of programme
programować
program
If you program a computer, you give it a set of instructions to do something.
programować
program
US spelling of programme
ręka, ramię
arm
the long part at each side of the human body, ending in a hand
“She held the tiny baby in her arms.”,
“He put his arms around her.”,
“She was standing with her arms folded (= with one arm crossed over the other).”
pod rękę
arm
with your arm gently supporting or being supported by someone else’s arm
“They walked through the park, arm in arm.”
rękaw
arm
the part of a piece of clothing that you put your arm in
poręcz
arm
the part of a chair where your arm rests
uzbroić
arm
to give weapons to someone
“The terrorists had armed themselves with automatic rifles.”
pragnienie
desire
a strong feeling that you want something
“I have no desire to have children.”,
“There is a strong desire for peace among the people.”
pożądanie
desire
a strong feeling of being sexually attracted to someone
pragnąć
desire
to want something
“You can have whatever you desire.”
przechodzić, przeżywać, zostać poddanym
undergo
to experience something, especially a change or medical treatment
“The country is currently undergoing major political change.”,
“He is undergoing surgery for a heart problem.”
wydarzenie, incydent, zajście
incident
an event, especially one that is bad or unusual
“Police are investigating the incident.”
zdawać sobie sprawę z/że
aware
to know about something
“Are you aware of the risks involved?”,
“She was well aware that he was married.”
świadomy
aware
interested in and knowing a lot about a particular subject
“politically/socially aware “
ponadto, poza tym, co więcej
moreover
also
“It is a cheap and, moreover, effective way of dealing with the problem.”
zaawansowany
advanced
having developed or progressed to a late stage
“advanced technology “,
“The disease was at an advanced stage.”
zaawansowany, dla zaawansowanych
advanced
at a higher, more difficult level
“an advanced English course”
schemat, wzór
pattern
a particular way that something is often done or repeated
“behaviour patterns”
wzór
pattern
a design of lines, shapes, colours, etc
wzór
pattern
a drawing or shape that helps you to make something
“a dress pattern”
przemysłowy
industrial
connected with industry
“industrial production/development”,
“the industrial revolution “
przemysłowy
industrial
with a lot of factories
“an industrial city such as Sheffield”
drukować
to produce writing or images on paper or other material with a machine
“The instructions are printed on the side of the box.”
drukować
to produce books, newspapers, magazines, etc, usually in large quantities, using machines
“Fifty thousand booklets have been printed for the exhibition.”
opublikować
to include a piece of writing in a newspaper or magazine
“They printed his letter in Tuesday’s paper.”
pisać drukowanymi literami
to write words without joining the letters together
“Please print your name and address clearly using capitals.”
nadrukować, drukować
to produce a pattern on material or paper
druk
words, letters, or numbers that are produced on paper by a machine
“The print’s so small in this book that I can hardly read it.”
dostępny/wyczerpany
If a book is in print, it is possible to buy a new copy of it, and if it is out of print, it is not now possible.
“The novel was first published in 1880 and has been in print ever since.”
kopia, rycina
a copy of a picture made using photography or by pressing paper onto a design covered in ink
“a print of Van Gogh’s ‘Sunflowers’”
odbitka
a photograph that is produced on paper
nadruk, wzór
a pattern that is produced on material or paper
“a floral print”
odcisk lub ślad (palca )
a mark that is left on a surface where someone has touched it
“His prints were found all over the house and he was arrested the next day.”
odcisk lub ślad (stopy )
a mark that is left on a surface where someone has walked
“The dog left prints all over the kitchen floor.”
pociąg
train
a long, thin vehicle that travels along metal tracks and carries people or goods
“a train journey”,
“We could go by train.”,
“You’ll have to catch/get the next train.”
tok myśli /bieg wypadków
train
a series of connected thoughts, ideas, or events that come or happen one after the other
“I was interrupted and lost my train of thought.”
szkolić, ćwiczyć
train
to teach someone how to do something, usually a skill that is needed for a job
“We are training all our staff in how to use the new computer system.”,
“The aid workers trained local people to give the injections.”
szkolić się
train
to learn the skills you need to do a job
“He trained as a lawyer in Vienna.”,
“I’m trained in basic first aid.”
trenować
train
to practise a sport or exercise, often in order to prepare for a sporting event, or to help someone to do this
“He’s been training hard for the race for several weeks now.”
pić
drink
to put liquid into your mouth and swallow it
“Would you like something to drink?”,
“He was drinking a glass of milk.”
pić
drink
to drink alcohol, usually regularly
“She doesn’t smoke or drink.”
napój, łyk
drink
a liquid or an amount of liquid that you drink
“a hot/cold drink”,
“Can I have a drink of water please?”
drink, kieliszek
drink
alcohol, or an alcoholic drink
“Do you fancy a drink tonight to celebrate?”
sławny, wybitny, znaczący
prominent
important or famous
“a prominent figure “
widoczny, wydatny
prominent
very easy to see or notice
“a prominent feature “,
“prominent eyes”
wprowadzać (w życie), wdrażać
implement
to make a law, system, plan, etc start to happen or operate
“Our new computerized system will soon be fully implemented.”
narzędzie
implement
a tool
“a garden/farm implement”
tzn. (= = to znaczy), tj. (= = to jest)
ie
used to explain exactly what you are referring to or what you mean
“The price must be more realistic, i.e. lower.”
po
after
when a time or event has happened
“We went swimming after lunch.”,
“I’m seeing her the day after tomorrow.”,
“Let’s finish the meeting. After that, we can have coffee.”
po
after
following in order
“H comes after G in the alphabet.”
po
after
used to say how many minutes past the hour it is
“It’s five after three.”
po (tym jak)
after
because of something that happened
“I’ll never trust her again after what she did to me.”
po tym jak
after
despite
“I can’t believe he was so unpleasant after you gave him so much help.”
za
after
following someone or something
“We ran after him, but he escaped.”
po 5 minutach /2 tygodniach itp.
after
when five minutes, two weeks, etc have passed
“The bus arrived after twenty minutes.”
dzień w dzień/rok w rok itp.
after
continuing for a long time, or happening many times
“I’m bored with going to school day after day.”
po, na cześć
after
used when giving someone or something the same name as another person or thing
“It was called the Biko building, after the famous South African.”
jednak, mimo wszystkow końcu , przecież
after
used to say that something happened or was true although you did not expect it to happen or be trueused to add information that shows that what you have just said is true
“Helen couldn’t come to the party after all.”,
“You can’t expect to be perfect - after all, it was only your first lesson.”
szukać czegoś , polować na coś
after
to be trying to get something
“What type of job are you after?”
poszukiwać kogoś
after
to be looking for someone
“The police are after him.”
po (tym jak)
after
at a later time than something else happens
“We arrived after the game had started.”,
“My computer went wrong a week after I bought it.”,
“After further discussion, we decided to call the police.”
później
after
later than someone or something else
“He had the operation on Monday and I saw him the day after.”
konkretny
specific
used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
“a specific purpose/reason “,
“Could we arrange a specific time to meet?”
szczegółowy, konkretny
specific
exact or containing details
“Could you be more specific about the problem?”
kapłan, ksiądz
priest
someone who performs religious duties and ceremonies
śmierć
death
the end of life
“Do you believe in life after death?”,
“We need to reduce the number of deaths from heart attacks.”,
“a death threat”
na śmierć, śmiertelnie
death
until you die
“He was beaten to death by a gang of youths.”
stracić kogoś , uśmiercić kogoś
death
to kill someone as a punishment
“She was put to death for her beliefs.”
śmiertelnie przerażony/znudzony itp.
death
extremely frightened/bored, etc
“She’s scared to death of dogs.”
się, sobie, siebie, sobą
herself
the reflexive form of the pronoun ‘she’
“She kept telling herself that nothing was wrong.”
sama
herself
used to emphasize the pronoun ‘she’ or the particular female person you are referring to
“She decorated the cake herself.”
(całkiem) sama
herself
alone or without anyone else’s help
“She managed to put her shoes on all by herself.”
(tylko) dla siebie
herself
for her use only
“My sister’s got the house to herself this weekend.”
złożony
complex
involving a lot of different but connected parts in a way that is difficult to understand
“complex details/issues”,
“The situation is very complex.”
kompleks
complex
a group of buildings or rooms that are used for a particular purpose
“a sports/housing complex”
kompleks
complex
a mental problem that makes someone anxious or frightened about something
“an inferiority complex “
wybuchać, eksplodować, detonować
explode
If something such as a bomb explodes, it bursts (= breaks suddenly from inside) with noise and force, and if you explode it, you make it burst with noise and force.
“One of the bombs did not explode.”
wybuchać
explode
to suddenly start shouting because you are very angry
“She exploded when he said he was going to the pub with his friends.”
oparty na rywalizacji , wymagający rywalizacji
competitive
involving competition
“competitive sports”,
“a highly competitive industry”
ambitny
competitive
wanting to win or to be more successful than other people
“She’s very competitive.”
konkurencyjny
competitive
Competitive prices, services, etc are as good as or better than other prices, services, etc.
warga
lip
one of the two soft, red edges of the mouth
“He licked his lips.”
brzeg, krawędź
lip
the edge of a container that liquid is poured from
konsekwentny
consistent
always behaving or happening in a similar, usually positive, way
“consistent effort/improvement”
zgodny z czymś , w zgodzie z czymś
consistent
having the same principles as something else, or agreeing with other facts
“His account of events is entirely consistent with the video evidence.”
proponować
propose
to suggest a plan or action
“I propose that we delay our decision until we have more information.”,
“proposed changes “
zamierzać coś ( zrobić )
propose
to intend to do something
“They propose to cycle across Europe.”
oświadczać się
propose
to ask someone to marry you
“He proposed to me on my birthday.”
Meksyk
Mexican
a country in North America
szalony
mad
stupid or crazy
“You’re mad to walk home alone at night.”
wściekły
mad
angry
“Were your parents mad at you when you came home late?”
wściec sięoszaleć
mad
to become very angryto suddenly become very excited
“Dad’ll go mad when he finds out you took the car.”,
“When the band arrived on stage, the crowd went mad.”
szaleć za kimś/czymś
mad
to love someone or something
“She’s mad about Hugh Grant.”,
“Jo’s mad about skiing.”
pomylony
mad
mentally ill
desperacki
mad
not controlled
“We made a mad dash for the exit.”
jak wariat/kajak diabli
mad
If you run, work, etc like mad, you do it very quickly and with a lot of energy.If something hurts like mad, it hurts a lot.
niespodzianka, zaskoczenie
surprise
an event that you did not expect to happen
“I didn’t know that my parents were coming - it was a lovely surprise.”,
“Her resignation came as a complete surprise (= was very surprising).”,
“a surprise party “
zaskoczenie, zdziwienie
surprise
the feeling that you get when something happens that you did not expect
“He agreed to everything, much to my surprise.”
zaskoczyć kogoś
surprise
to be unexpected and make someone feel surprise
“I wasn’t expecting her to be so angry - it took me by surprise.”
zrobić niespodziankę , zaskoczyć
surprise
to make someone feel surprise
“I didn’t tell her I was coming home early - I thought I’d surprise her.”
zaskoczyć
surprise
to find or attack someone when they are not expecting it
powierzchnia
surface
the top or outside part of something
“the Earth’s surface”,
“The sun was reflected on the surface of the water.”
pozory
surface
what someone or something seems to be like when you do not know much about them
“On the surface he seemed very pleasant.”
pojawiać się, wychodzić na jaw
surface
to appear or become public, often after being hidden
“This problem first surfaced about two weeks ago.”,
“So when did these allegations surface?”
wynurzać się
surface
to rise to the surface of water
“The submarine surfaced a few miles off the coast.”
pokrywać nawierzchnią
surface
to cover a road with a hard substance
negocjacja
negotiation
the process of trying to make or change an agreement by discussion
“Peace negotiations are due to start.”
zapis
record
information that is written on paper or stored on computer so that it can be used in the future
“medical/dental records “,
“My teacher keeps a record of my absences.”,
“This has been the hottest summer on record (= the hottest summer known about).”
wyniki , notowania , statystyki
record
A person’s or company’s record is their behaviour or achievements.
“She has an outstanding academic record (= has done very well in school).”,
“Of all airlines they have the best safety record.”
rekord
record
the best, biggest, longest, tallest, etc
“to set/break a record “,
“He holds the world record for 100 metres.”
płyta
record
a flat, round, plastic disc that music is stored on, used especially in the past
“to play a record”
nieoficjalnie
record
If you say something off the record, you do not want the public to know about it.
wyjaśniać nieporozumienia
record
to tell people the true facts about a situation
rekord
record
a collection of pieces of information in a computer database that is treated as one unit
“You can sort the records on any field.”
zapisywać
record
to write down information or store it on a computer so that it can be used in the future
“He recorded details of their conversation in his diary.”
nagrywać
record
to store sounds or pictures using electronic equipment, a camera, etc so that you can listen to them or see them again
“to record a new album”,
“I recorded that programme for you.”,
“a recorded message “
konsultant/ka, dorad-ca/czyni
consultant
someone who advises people about a particular subject
“a tax consultant”
lekarz specjalista
consultant
a hospital doctor who is an expert in a particular area of medicine
profesjonalny, zawodowy, fachowy
professional
relating to a job that needs special training or education
“You should get some professional advice about your finances.”
profesjonalny, zawodowy
professional
Someone is professional if they earn money for a sport or activity that most people do as a hobby.
“a professional athlete/musician”,
“a professional golf championship”
profesjonalny
professional
showing skill and careful attention
“a professional attitude”,
“He looks very professional in that suit.”
profesjonalist-a/ka, specjalist-a/ka
professional
someone who does a job that needs special training or education
zawodowiec
professional
someone who has done a job for a long time and who does it with a lot of skill
“She dealt with the problem like a true professional.”
profesjonalist-a/ka, zawodowiec
professional
someone who earns money for doing a sport or activity that most other people do as a hobby
“a rugby professional”
twarz, mina
face
the front part of the head where the eyes, nose, and mouth are, or the expression on this part
“She’s got a long, thin face.”,
“I can’t wait to see her face when she opens the present.”
krzywić się
face
to show with your face that you do not like someone or something
“The baby made a face every time I offered her some food.”
stroić miny
face
to make silly expressions with your face in order to try and make people laugh
komuś rzednie mina/twarz się rozpromienia
face
someone starts to look disappointed/happy
“His face fell when I said that she wasn’t coming.”
prosto w twarz
face
If you say something unpleasant to someone’s face, you say it to them directly, when you are with them.
“If you’ve got something to say, say it to my face.”
przód, ściana, strona, tarcza
face
the front or surface of something
“the north face of the cliff”,
“a clock face”
w obliczu czegoś
face
while having to deal with a difficult situation or problem
“She refused to leave him, in the face of increasing pressure from friends and family.”
na pierwszy rzut oka , z pozoru
face
used when you are describing how a situation seems, when this is different to what it is really like
“On the face of it, it seems like a bargain, but I bet there are hidden costs.”
być zwróconym w kierunku , stać twarzą do
face
to be or turn in a particular direction
“The room faces south.”,
“She turned to face him.”,
“Could you face the front please, children?”
stanąć wobec
face
If you face a problem, or a problem faces you, you have to deal with it.
“This is one of the many problems faced by working mothers.”,
“Passengers could face long delays.”
nie móc się na coś zdobyć
face
to not want to do something or deal with something because it is so unpleasant
“I had intended to go for a run, but now I just can’t face it.”
pogodzić się z
face
to accept that something unpleasant is true and start to deal with the situation
“She’s going to have to face the fact that he’s not coming back to her.”
powiedzmy sobie szczerze
face
something that you say before you say something that is unpleasant but true
“Let’s face it, none of us are getting any younger.”
spodziewać się
face
If you face something unpleasant, especially a punishment, then it might happen to you.
“If found guilty, the pair face fines of up to $40,000.”
spojrzeć (prosto) w oczy
face
to deal with someone when the situation between you is difficult
“How can I face him now that he knows what I’ve done?”
zmierzyć się z
face
to play against another player or team in a competition, sport, etc
“We face Spain in the semifinal.”
praca
job
the regular work that you do in order to earn money
“She got a job in publishing.”,
“Hundreds of workers could lose their jobs.”,
“Why don’t you apply for a part-time job?”
praca
job
a piece of work that you have to do
“cooking, cleaning and other household jobs”
obowiązek
job
something that is your responsibility
“It’s my job to water the plants.”
źle/dobrze itp. się spisać z czymś
job
to do sth badly/well, etc
dobrze/świetnie itp. się spisać
job
to do something well/very well, etc
“She did a great job of organizing the event.”
bez pracy
job
without a job
“How long have you been out of a job?”
część, odcinek
segment
one of the parts that something can be divided into
“a segment of the population/market”,
“an orange segment”
medyczny, lekarski, zdrowotny
medical
relating to medicine and different ways of curing illness
“medical treatment “,
“a medical student “,
“She has a medical condition that makes it hard for her to work.”
badanie lekarskie
medical
an examination of your body by a doctor to find out if you are healthy
powiedzieć
tell
to say something to someone, usually giving them information
“He told me about his new school.”,
“Sally told me that the play didn’t start until 9 o’clock.”,
“Can you tell me what time the next bus leaves?”
kazać komuś coś zrobić
tell
to order someone to do something
“I told you to stay here.”,
“I keep telling her not to leave her clothes on the floor.”
móc poznać lub zorientować się
tell
to know or recognize something from what you hear, see, etc
“You could tell that he was tired.”,
“You can never tell whether Hajime’s being serious or not.”,
“I can’t tell the difference between them.”
mówić
tell
If something tells you something, it gives you information.
“What does the survey tell us about the lives of teenagers?”
Wiesz co?
tell
used to suggest a plan
“Tell you what, let’s go swimming and then get a pizza.”
odbijać się
tell
to have a bad effect on someone
“The worry of the last few months was starting to tell on him.”
A nie mówił-em/am !
tell
used when someone has caused problems for themselves by doing something that you told them not to
uciekać
escape
to succeed in getting away from a place where you do not want to be
“The two killers escaped from prison last night.”
uniknąć, umknąć
escape
to avoid a dangerous or unpleasant situation
“to escape capture/injury “
umykać
escape
If something such as a name escapes you, you cannot remember it.
“The name of her book escapes me at the moment.”
umykać
escape
If something escapes your notice or attention, you do not notice or see it.
“Nothing that goes on in this office escapes her attention.”
wyciekać, ulatniać się
escape
If a gas or liquid escapes from a pipe or container, it comes out, especially when it should not.
ucieczka
escape
an occasion when someone succeeds in getting out of a place or a dangerous or bad situation
“There was an escape from the prison last night.”
ogromne szczęście, cud
escape
an occasion when someone almost dies or almost has a very bad experience
“They had a very narrow escape.”
ucieczka, odskocznia
escape
something that helps you to forget about your usual life or problems
“I love old movies, they’re such an escape from the real world.”
główny
chief
most important
“The wonderful weather was our chief reason for coming here.”
główny
chief
highest in rank
“chief economic adviser to the government”
wódz
chief
the leader of a group of people
“tribal chiefs”
szef/owa, dowódca
chief
a person who controls other people in an organization
“police chiefs”
cierpieć
suffer
to experience pain or unpleasant emotions
“I can’t bear to see animals suffering.”
cierpieć na coś
suffer
to have an illness or other health problem
“She suffers from severe depression.”
doznać złamania nogi /zawału (serca ) itp.
suffer
to experience an injury or other sudden health problem
“He suffered a serious neck injury in the accident.”
doznać zniszczeń /porażki /strat
suffer
to experience something bad such as damage/defeat/loss, etc
cierpieć
suffer
to become worse in quality
“If you’re tired all the time, your work tends to suffer.”
dominujący, przeważający
dominant
main or most important
“Her mother was the dominant influence in her life.”
dominujący
dominant
strongest and wanting to take control
“a dominant older brother”
dominujący
dominant
a dominant gene will cause a particular characteristic even if it is only passed on by one parent
położenie, lokalizacja
location
a place or position
“They haven’t yet decided on the location of the new store.”
w plenerze , na planie
location
If a film or television programme is made on location, it is made at a place suitable to the story.
pracowni-k/ca
employee
someone who is paid to work for a person or company
“How many employees does the firm have?”
już, jeszcze
yet
before now or before that time
“Have you read his book yet?”,
““Has he called?” “No, not yet.””
jeszcze
yet
now or as early as this time
“I don’t want to go home yet.”
najlepszy/najgorszy itp. jak do tej pory
yet
the best/worst, etc until now
“That was my worst exam yet.”
jeszcze musieć coś zrobić , jeszcze czegoś nie zrobić
yet
to not have done something that was expected before this time
“They have yet to make a decision.”
jeszcze raz/jeden/więcej itp.
yet
used to show that you are surprised or annoyed that something is being repeated or increased
“He’s given us yet more work to do.”
jeszcze może/mógłby itp.
yet
used to say there is still a possibility that something will happen
“He may win yet.”
ale, lecz
yet
used to add something that seems surprising because of what you have just said
“simple yet effective”
lotnisko
airport
a place where planes take off and land, with buildings for passengers to wait in
dialog
dialogue
the talking in a book, play, or film
dialog
dialogue
a formal discussion between countries or groups of people
podwójny
double
having two parts of the same type or size
“double doors”,
“My number is four, two, six, double two, five (= 426225).”
podwójny
double
twice the amount, number, or size of something
“a double vodka”,
“a double hamburger”
dwuosobowy
double
made to be used by two people
“a double bed/room”
podwoić (się)
double
to increase and become twice the original size or amount, or to make something do this
“Our house has almost doubled in value.”,
“They have managed to double their profits over the last year.”
podwójna porcja, dwukrotność
double
something that is twice the usual amount, number, or size
czyjś sobowtór
double
someone who looks exactly the same as someone else
dwa razy
double
twice as much or as many
“Our new house is double the size of our old one.”
uzależniony, zależny
dependent
needing the help of someone or something in order to exist or continue as before
“She’s completely dependent on her parents for money.”
zależny lub uzależniony od czegoś
dependent
influenced by or decided by something
“The amount of tax you pay is dependent on how much you earn.”
-
dependent
US spelling of dependant
samobójstwo
suicide
the act of intentionally killing yourself
“He committed suicide after a long period of depression.”
samobójstwo
suicide
something you do that will have an extremely bad result for you
“political suicide “
niebieski, błękitny
blue
being the same colour as the sky when there are no clouds
“a dark blue jacket”
smutny
blue
sad
pikantny
blue
about sex
“a blue joke/movie”
błękit
blue
the colour of the sky when there are no clouds
planeta
planet
a large, round object in space that moves around the sun or another star
“Jupiter is the largest planet of our solar system.”
szczyt
peak
the highest level or value of something
“Here we see an athlete at the peak of fitness.”,
“The price of gold reached its peak during the last recession.”,
“peak travel times “
szczyt
peak
the top of a mountain, or the mountain itself
“snow-covered/mountain peaks “
osiągać punkt szczytowy
peak
to reach the highest level or value of something
“Her singing career peaked in the 1990s.”
przyjęcie
party
an event where people enjoy themselves by talking, eating, drinking, and dancing
“a birthday party “,
“We’re having a party to celebrate the occasion.”
partia
party
an organization that shares the same political beliefs and tries to win elections
“a political party “
grupa
party
a group of people who are working or travelling together
“a party of tourists”
strona
party
one of the sides in a legal agreement or disagreement
“the guilty party”,
“We hope to provide a solution that is acceptable to both parties.”
bawić się
party
to enjoy yourself by talking, eating, drinking, and dancing with a group of people
“They were out partying till five o’clock in the morning.”
