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UK PLAN > Deck 5 > Flashcards

Deck 5 Flashcards

1
Q

plaża

A

beach

an area of sand or rocks next to the sea

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2
Q

gwałtowny, błyskawiczny

A

rapidly

happening or moving very quickly

“rapid change/growth “

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3
Q

gromada, stado

A

troop

a group of people or animals

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4
Q

wchodzić/przejść/wychodzić itp. razem lub masowo lub gromadnie

A

troop

to walk somewhere in a large group

“We all trooped into the hall in silence.”

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5
Q

w porządku , zdrowy

A

fine

well, healthy, or happy

"”How are you?” “I’m fine thanks. And you?””,
“I had a cold last week, but I’m fine now.”

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6
Q

w porządku , w sam raz

A

fine

good or good enough

"”Is the soup hot enough?” “Yes, it’s fine.””

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7
Q

świetny

A

fine

excellent, or of very good quality

“fine wines”,
“He’s a fine musician.”

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8
Q

dobrze

A

fine

used to agree with a suggestion, idea, decision, etc

"”Shall we meet at 8 o’clock?” “Yes, that’s fine by me.””

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9
Q

drobny, delikatny

A

fine

thin or made of very small pieces

“fine, brown hair”,
“fine sand”

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10
Q

ładny, pogodny

A

fine

sunny and not raining

“If it’s fine, we could have a picnic.”

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11
Q

szczegóły czegoś

A

fine

the more detailed or more difficult parts of an argument, idea, etc

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12
Q

dobrze

A

fine

very well or without any problems

"”How did your exam go?” “It went fine thanks.””

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13
Q

karać grzywną

A

fine

to make someone pay an amount of money as a punishment for breaking a law or rule

“The company was fined £60,000 for air pollution.”

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14
Q

grzywna

A

fine

an amount of money that you must pay for breaking a law or rule

“a parking fine “,
“The court gave her two weeks to pay the fine.”

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15
Q

kraść, ukraść

A

steal

to secretly take something that does not belong to you, without intending to return it

“Burglars broke into the house and stole a computer.”,
“stolen cars”

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16
Q

wykradać/wkradać się

A

steal

to move somewhere quietly and secretly

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17
Q

edukacja, oświata, wykształcenie

A

education

the process of teaching and learning in a school or college, or the knowledge that you get from this

“More money should be spent on education.”,
“We expect a good standard of education for our children.”

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18
Q

oczekiwanie

A

expectation

the feeling that good things are going to happen in the future

“The holiday lived up to all our expectations (= was as good as we expected).”,
“My parents had high expectations for me (= expected me to be successful).”

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19
Q

oczekiwanie

A

expectation

the feeling of expecting something to happen

“He had gone away and there was no expectation of his return.”

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20
Q

wydanie

A

edition

a book, newspaper, etc that is one of several that are the same and were produced at the same time

“a new edition”,
“The paperback edition costs £7.95.”

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21
Q

wydanie, edycja

A

edition

a radio or television programme that is one of a series

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22
Q

weteran

A

veteran

someone who has been in an army or navy during a war

“a veteran of World War Two”

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23
Q

weteran/ka

A

veteran

someone who has done a job or activity for a long time

“a 20-year veteran of BBC news”

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24
Q

prawdziwie

A

truly

used to emphasize that something is true in every way

“The project was truly a team effort.”

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25
Q

prawdziwie, naprawdę

A

truly

used to emphasize a description of something

“It’s truly amazing to watch a baby being born.”

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26
Q

szczerze

A

truly

used to emphasize that something is sincere or honest

“I truly believe that he is innocent.”

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27
Q

dotykać

A

touch

to put your hand on something

“You can look at them but please don’t touch them.”

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28
Q

dotykać (się), stykać się (z)

A

touch

If two things touch, they are so close to each other that there is no space between them.

“These two wires must not touch.”

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29
Q

wzruszać, poruszać

A

touch

If something kind that someone says or does touches you, it makes you feel pleased or a little sad.

“I was deeply touched by her letter.”

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30
Q

(nawet) nie tknąć czegoś

A

touch

to not eat or drink something

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31
Q

nie tknąć kogoś/czegoś palcem

A

touch

to not harm someone or not damage something

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32
Q

dotknięcie, dotyk

A

touch

the action of putting your hand on something

“I felt the touch of his hand on my face.”

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33
Q

dotyk

A

touch

the ability to feel things by putting your hand on them

“It was cold to the touch (= when I touched it).”

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34
Q

akcent

A

touch

a small detail that makes something better

“Having flowers on the tables was a nice touch.”

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35
Q

odrobina

A

touch

a little

“Add a little olive oil and a touch of vinegar.”

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36
Q

utrzymywać/nawiązywać itp. kontakt , być/pozostawać itp. w kontakcie

A

touch

to communicate or continue to communicate with someone by telephoning, or writing to them

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37
Q

tracić kontakt

A

touch

to stop communicating with someone, usually because they do not live near you now

“We’ve lost touch over the years.”

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38
Q

nie orientować się

A

touch

to know little about what has recently happened

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39
Q

pojawić się/zostać lub stać się bogatym/pisarzem itp.

A

become

to begin to be something

“They became great friends.”,
“She wants to become a teacher when she leaves school.”,
“This style of skirt is becoming fashionable.”

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40
Q

a co z kimś/czymś

A

become

something you say when you want to know what has happened to someone

“Whatever became of your friend Harry?”

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41
Q

z własnej woli

A

according

If you do something of your own accord, you choose to do it and no one else forces you.

“Luckily, she left of her own accord.”

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42
Q

porozumienie

A

according

an official agreement, especially between countries

“a peace/trade accord”

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43
Q

obdarzać

A

according

to treat someone specially, usually by showing respect

“the respect accorded to doctors”

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44
Q

własny

A

own

belonging to or done by a particular person or thing

“It was my own idea.”,
“Each student has their own dictionary.”,
“Petra makes all her own clothes.”,
““Is that your mum’s car?” “No, it’s my own (= it belongs to me).””

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45
Q

własny

A

own

belonging to someone or something

“I’ll have a home of my own (= home belonging only to me) someday.”

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46
Q

sam, samotniesam, samemu, samodzielnie

A

own

aloneIf you do something on your own, you do it without any help from other people.

“Jessica lives on her own.”,
“She’s raised three kids on her own.”

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47
Q

posiadać

A

own

to have something that legally belongs to you

“The University owns a lot of the land around here.”

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48
Q

Biblia

A

Bible

the holy book of the Christian and Jewish religions

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49
Q

Biblia

A

Bible

a copy of this book

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50
Q

Biblia

A

Bible

a book or magazine that gives important information and advice about a particular subject

“‘Vogue’ was regarded as the fashion student’s bible.”

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51
Q

ankieta, badanie opinii publicznej

A

poll

the results of a set of questions people are asked to discover what they think about a subject

“A recent poll indicated that 77 percent of Americans supported the president.”

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52
Q

ankietować, zapytywać

A

poll

to ask someone’s opinion as part of a study on what people think about a subject

“Most students polled said they preferred the new system.”

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53
Q

uzyskać

A

poll

to receive a particular number of votes in an election

“Labour polled only 45 percent of the Scottish vote.”

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54
Q

uwaga, komentarz

A

comment

something that you say or write that shows what you think about something

“He made negative comments to the press.”

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55
Q

Bez komentarza

A

comment

used to say that you do not want to answer someone’s question

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56
Q

komentować, zauważać

A

comment

to make a comment

“My mum always comments on what I’m wearing.”,
“He commented that the two pieces of work were very similar.”

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57
Q

wszyscy, każdy

A

everyone

every person

“I’ve received a reply from everyone now.”,
“Everyone agreed with the decision.”

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58
Q

wszyscy inni , każdy inny

A

everyone

every other person

“Everyone else was wearing jeans.”

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59
Q

starszy

A

elderly

a more polite word for ‘old’, used to describe people

“an elderly man”,
“Children should show respect for the elderly.”

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60
Q

ptak

A

bird

an animal that has wings and feathers and is usually able to fly

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61
Q

wystrzał, strzał

A

shot

the action of firing a bullet from a gun

“Three shots were fired.”

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62
Q

strzał, rzut

A

shot

an attempt to score points in sports such as football by hitting or throwing the ball

“Good shot!”

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63
Q

zdjęcie

A

shot

a photograph

“I got a good shot of them leaving the hotel together.”

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64
Q

spróbować (swoich) sił w czymś , spróbować czegoś

A

shot

to try to do something, often for the first time

“I’ve never played football, but I’ll give it a shot.”,
“They might have a shot at the World Championships next year.”

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65
Q

zastrzyk

A

shot

an amount of medicine put into the body with a special needle

“I took the dog to the vet for his shots.”

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66
Q

kropelka, kieliszek

A

shot

a small amount of a strong alcoholic drink

“a shot of whisky”

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67
Q

-

A

shot

past of shoot

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68
Q

wrzeszczeć, krzyczeć

A

scream

to make a loud, high noise with your voice, or to shout something in a loud, high voice because you are afraid, hurt, or angry

“Someone was screaming in the street.”,
“She screamed for help.”,
“I could hear a woman screaming, “Get me out of here!””

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69
Q

krzyk, wrzask

A

scream

the sound of someone screaming

“We heard screams coming from their apartment.”,
“We heard a blood curdling scream.”

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70
Q

być zabawnym

A

scream

to be very funny

“You’d love Amanda - she’s a scream.”

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71
Q

wyrok (skazujący), skazanie

A

conviction

an occasion when someone is officially found to be guilty of a particular crime

“He already had two convictions for burglary.”

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72
Q

przekonanie

A

conviction

a strong opinion or belief

“religious/moral convictions”

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73
Q

dojść do siebie, wyzdrowieć

A

recover

to become healthy or happy again after an illness, injury, or period of sadness

“It takes a long time to recover from surgery.”,
“She never recovered from the death of her husband.”

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74
Q

wracać do normy , poprawiać się

A

recover

If a system or situation recovers, it returns to the way it was before something bad happened.

“The economy was quick to recover after the election.”

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75
Q

odzyskać

A

recover

to be able to use or feel again part of your body which has been damaged

“He never fully recovered the use of his legs.”

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76
Q

odzyskać

A

recover

to get something back that has been lost or stolen

“Police recovered the stolen money.”

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77
Q

niezwykły

A

unusual

different and not ordinary, often in a way that is interesting or exciting

“an unusual name”,
“It’s fairly unusual to keep insects as pets.”

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78
Q

dół

A

bottom

the lowest part of something

“Click on the icon at the bottom of the page.”

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79
Q

spód, dno

A

bottom

the flat surface on the lowest side of something

“There was a price tag on the bottom of the box.”

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80
Q

dół

A

bottom

the lowest position in a group, organization, etc

“He did badly in the exam and is at the bottom of the class.”

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81
Q

dno

A

bottom

the ground under a river, lake, or sea

“Divers found the wreck on the bottom of the ocean.”

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82
Q

koniec

A

bottom

the part of a road or area of land that is furthest from where you are

“Go to the bottom of the road and turn left.”

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83
Q

pupa, siedzenie

A

bottom

the part of your body that you sit on

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84
Q

leżeć u podstaw czegoś

A

bottom

to be the cause of a problem or situation

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85
Q

dojść do sedna czegoś

A

bottom

to discover the truth about a situation

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86
Q

najniższy, dolny

A

bottom

in the lowest position

“the bottom drawer”

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87
Q

ten

A

this

used to refer to something that you have already talked about

“Most people don’t agree with this decision.”,
“How did you hear about this course?”

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88
Q

ten

A

this

used to refer to something or someone that is near you or that you are pointing to

“How much does this CD cost?”,
“David gave me these earrings for my birthday.”

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89
Q

ten, najbliższy, następny

A

this

used to refer to the present week, month, year, etc or the one that comes next

“I’ll see you this evening.”,
“Kate and Nigel are getting married this June.”

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90
Q

ten

A

this

used to refer to a particular person or thing that you are going to talk about

“I met this guy at a party who knows your sister.”,
“We went to this really great club last night.”

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91
Q

to

A

this

used to refer to something that you have already talked about

“When did this happen?”,
“This is the best news I’ve heard all week!”

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92
Q

to

A

this

used to refer to something or someone that is near you or that you are pointing to

“Try some of this - it’s delicious.”,
“Are these your keys?”,
“This is my girlfriend, Beth.”

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93
Q

to

A

this

used to say or ask who someone is when speaking on the telephone, radio, etc

"”Hello, is this Julie Hawkins?” “Yes, who’s this?””

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94
Q

taki, tak

A

this

used when describing the size, amount, or state of something or someone

“I need a piece of wood this big.”,
“I’ve never seen her this angry.”

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95
Q

wyraźnie, jasno

A

clearly

in a way that is easy to see, hear, read, or understand

“He spoke very clearly.”

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96
Q

najwyraźniej

A

clearly

used to show that you think something is obvious or certain

“Clearly he’s very talented.”

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97
Q

jasno

A

clearly

If you think clearly, you are not confused.

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98
Q

pieprz

A

pepper

a black, grey, or red powder that is made from crushed seeds, used to give food a slightly spicy flavour

“salt and pepper”

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99
Q

papryka

A

pepper

a hollow green, red, or yellow vegetable

“green/red pepper”

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100
Q

poważnie

A

badly

very seriously

“badly damaged/injured”

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101
Q

źle

A

badly

in a way that is of low quality or in an unpleasant way

“to behave badly”,
“Some of the animals were very badly treated.”,
“They played badly in the first half.”

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102
Q

federalny

A

federal

relating to the central government, and not to the government of a region, of some countries such as the United States

“the federal government “,
“a federal agency/employee”

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103
Q

federalny, związkowy

A

federal

A federal system of government consists of a group of regions that is controlled by a central government.

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104
Q

adres

A

address

the details of where a building is, including the building number, road name, town, etc

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105
Q

adres

A

address

a series of letters, signs, or numbers used to send email to someone or to reach a page of information on the Internet

“an email/web address “

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106
Q

wystąpienie, orędzie

A

address

a formal speech to a group of people

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107
Q

adresować

A

address

to write a name or address on an envelope or parcel

“A parcel arrived addressed to Emma.”

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108
Q

zajmować się

A

address

to deal with a problem

“We have to address the issue/problem before it gets worse.”

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109
Q

zwracać się do, przemawiać do, przemawiać na forum

A

address

to speak to someone, or to give a speech to an audience

“Today she will be addressing a major conference in London.”

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110
Q

zwracać się do kogoś per ktoś

A

address

to give someone a particular name or title when you speak or write to them

“Do you think I should address him as ‘Mr Benson’ or ‘Albert’?”

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111
Q

faktyczny, rzeczywisty

A

actual

real, not guessed or imagined

“We were expecting about fifty people, though the actual number was a lot higher.”

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112
Q

w praktyce , w rzeczywistości

A

actual

really

“It was due to start at ten, but in actual fact, it didn’t begin until nearly eleven.”

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113
Q

stać

A

stand

to be in a vertical position on your feet

“We’d been standing for hours.”,
“He’s standing over there, next to Karen.”

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114
Q

wstawać

A

stand

to rise to a vertical position on your feet from sitting or lying down

“I get dizzy if I stand up too quickly.”,
“Please stand when the bride arrives.”

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115
Q

stać w kolejce

A

stand

to wait for something as part of a line of people

“We stood in line all afternoon.”

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116
Q

stawiać coś gdzieś , stać gdzieś

A

stand

to be in or to put something in a particular place or position

“His walking stick stood by the door.”,
“You’ll have to stand the sofa on its end to get it through the door.”

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117
Q

nie móc znieść kogoś/czegoś

A

stand

to hate someone or something

“I can’t stand him.”,
“She can’t stand doing housework.”

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118
Q

znosić

A

stand

to be able to accept or deal with a difficult situation

“She couldn’t stand the pressures of the job.”,
“The pain was more than he could stand.”

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119
Q

wynosić ileś

A

stand

to be at a particular level, amount, height, etc

“Inflation currently stands at 3 percent.”

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120
Q

jakajest czyjaś opinia w sprawie czegoś

A

stand

what your opinion is about something

“We asked the senator where she stood on gun control.”

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121
Q

czego się można (po kimś ) spodziewać

A

stand

what someone thinks about you, how they expect you to behave, and how they are likely to behave

“She said she will never leave her husband, so now at least I know where I stand.”

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122
Q

być aktualnym

A

stand

If an offer still stands, it still exists.

“You’re welcome to visit any time - my invitation still stands.”

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123
Q

w obecnej formie

A

stand

as something is now, without changes in it

“The law as it stands is very unclear.”

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124
Q

stawać przed sądem , być sądzonym

A

stand

If someone stands trial, they appear in a law court where people decide if they are guilty of a crime.

“to stand trial for murder”

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125
Q

móc zyskać/stracić coś

A

stand

to be in a situation where you can get/lose money or an advantage

“He stands to gain a fortune if the company is sold.”

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126
Q

kandydować

A

stand

to compete in an election for an official position

“to stand for office”

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127
Q

stoisko, budka

A

stand

a small shop with an open front or a table from which goods are sold

“a hot dog stand”,
“Visit our stand at the trade fair.”

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128
Q

trybuna

A

stand

a structure in a sports ground where people can stand or sit to watch an event

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129
Q

stojak, wieszak

A

stand

a piece of furniture for holding things

“a music/hat stand”

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130
Q

miejsce dla świadka

A

stand

the place in a law court where people sit or stand when they are being asked questions

“The judge asked her to take the stand (= go into the witness stand).”

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131
Q

stanowisko

A

stand

an opinion or belief about something, especially if you say it in public

“What’s the President’s stand on gun control?”

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132
Q

zajmować stanowisko

A

stand

to express your opinion about something publicly

“He refuses to take a stand on this issue.”

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133
Q

przeciwstawiać się

A

stand

to publicly defend something or stop something from happening

“It’s about time someone made a stand.”

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134
Q

zdanie

A

sentence

a group of words, usually containing a verb, that expresses a complete idea

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135
Q

wyrok

A

sentence

a punishment that a judge gives to someone who has committed a crime

“a 30-year sentence”

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136
Q

skazywać

A

sentence

to give a punishment to someone who has committed a crime

“She was sentenced to six months in prison.”

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137
Q

jeszcze

A

else

in addition to someone or something

“Would you like anything else to eat?”,
“What else did he say?”

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138
Q

indziej, inny

A

else

different from someone or something

“I don’t like it here. Let’s go somewhere else.”,
“I didn’t say that. It must have been someone else.”

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139
Q

inny, pozostały

A

else

other things or people

“I forgot my toothbrush, but I remembered everything else.”

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140
Q

albobo inaczej

A

else

used to compare two different things or situationsused to say what will happen if another thing does not happen

“He talks to her all the time, or else he completely ignores her.”,
“We must be there by six, or else we’ll miss the beginning.”

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141
Q

w ostateczności , zawsze jeszcze

A

else

if no other plan is successful

“If all else fails, you’re welcome to stay at our house.”

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142
Q

rura

A

pipe

a long tube that liquid or gas can move through

“A water pipe had burst, flooding the basement.”

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143
Q

fajka

A

pipe

a tube with a bowl-shaped part at one end, used to smoke tobacco

“to smoke a pipe”

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144
Q

doprowadzać (rurami lub rurociągiem )

A

pipe

to send something through a pipe

“Water is piped from a spring to houses in the local area.”

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145
Q

obsługa

A

service

help that you get in a place such as a shop, restaurant, or hotel

“The food was nice, but the service wasn’t very good.”

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146
Q

usługa

A

service

a system that supplies something that people need

“financial/medical services”,
“electricity/water services”,
“They provide a free bus service from the station.”

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147
Q

służba, praca

A

service

the time you spend working for an organization

“He retired last week after 25 years’ service.”

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148
Q

nabożeństwo

A

service

a religious ceremony

“They held a memorial service for the victims of the bombing.”

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149
Q

przegląd, serwis

A

service

a check on a car or machine in which it is examined for faults and repaired

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150
Q

serw, serwis

A

service

the action of throwing a ball up into the air and hitting it towards the other player in sports such as tennis

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151
Q

naprawiać, robić przegląd

A

service

to examine and repair a car or machine

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152
Q

brzeg, wybrzeże

A

shore

the area of land along the edge of the sea or a lake

“They had to abandon the boat and swim back to shore.”

153
Q

inżynier, technik

A

engineer

someone whose job is to design, build, or repair machines, engines, roads, bridges, etc

“a mechanical/structural engineer “,
“a software engineer “

154
Q

maszynist-a/ka

A

engineer

someone whose job is to drive a train

155
Q

aranżować

A

engineer

to arrange for something to happen, especially in a clever and secret way

“She was convinced that the accident had been engineered by his enemies.”

156
Q

dokładnie

A

exactly

used when you are giving or asking for information that is completely correct

“What exactly seems to be the problem?”,
“The train got in at exactly ten o’clock.”

157
Q

dokładnie

A

exactly

used to emphasize what you are saying

“I found a dress that’s exactly the same colour as my shoes.”

158
Q

(no) właśnie, dokładnie

A

exactly

something you say when you agree completely with someone

"”Surely they should have told us about this problem sooner?” “Exactly.””

159
Q

niezupełnie

A

exactly

used to say that something is not completely true

"”Do you live here?” “Not exactly, I’m staying with friends.””

160
Q

nie taki łatwy/nowy/oczywisty itp.

A

exactly

used to say that a description is completely untrue

“Let’s face it, we’re not exactly rich, are we?”

161
Q

ostrze, łopatka

A

blade

the flat, sharp, metal part of a knife, tool, or weapon

162
Q

źdźbło

A

blade

a long, narrow leaf of grass or a similar plant

“a blade of grass “

163
Q

kapitan

A

captain

the person in control of a ship or aircraft

164
Q

kapitan

A

captain

an officer of middle rank in the army, navy, or air force

165
Q

kapitan

A

captain

the leader of a team

166
Q

być kapitanem

A

captain

to be the captain of a team, ship, or aircraft

“He has captained the England cricket team three times.”

167
Q

temperatura

A

temperature

how hot or cold something is

“The room’s kept at a temperature of around 20°C.”,
“Last night the temperature dropped to below freezing.”

168
Q

czyjaś temperatura

A

temperature

how hot or cold someone’s body is

“The doctor examined him and took his temperature (= measured his temperature).”

169
Q

mieć temperaturę lub gorączkę

A

temperature

to be hotter than usual because you are sick

170
Q

wszędzie, w lub na całym , cały

A

throughout

in every part of a place

“The same laws apply throughout much of Europe.”,
“The house was painted pink throughout.”

171
Q

(przez) cały (czas)

A

throughout

during the whole of a period of time

“He yawned throughout the performance.”,
“We spent a week in London and it rained throughout.”

172
Q

oglądać, analizować, badać

A

examine

to look at someone or something very carefully, especially to try to discover something

“She picked up the knife and examined it closely.”,
“He was examined by a doctor as soon as he arrived.”

173
Q

egzaminować

A

examine

to test someone to see how much they know or how well they can do something

“You’ll be examined in three main areas: speaking, listening, and reading comprehension.”

174
Q

rozważać, rozpatrywać

A

examine

to consider a plan or an idea carefully

“They have called a special meeting to examine the proposal.”

175
Q

rozmiar, zasięg, stopień

A

extent

the size or importance of something

“They are just beginning to realize the full extent of the damage.”,
“Her face was injured to such an extent (= so much) that he didn’t recognize her.”

176
Q

do pewnego stopnia

A

extent

in some ways

“I was, to some extent, responsible for the accident.”

177
Q

uważny, ostrożny

A

careful

giving a lot of attention to what you are doing so that you do not have an accident, make a mistake, or damage something

“careful planning/consideration”,
“Be careful, Michael - that knife’s very sharp.”,
“We were careful to avoid the midday sun.”

178
Q

zwiększać (się), wzrastać

A

increasing

to get bigger or to make something bigger in size or amount

“Eating fatty food increases the risk of heart disease.”,
“Exports of computers have increased by 15% since January.”,
“increased demand/competition”,
“Her anxieties are shared by an increasing number of women.”

179
Q

wzrost

A

increasing

a rise in the number, size, or amount of something

“a price/tax increase”,
“We are seeing an increase in standards of living.”

180
Q

rosnący

A

increasing

If something is on the increase, it is happening more often.

“Violent crime is on the increase.”

181
Q

nauczyciel/ka

A

educator

a person who teaches people

182
Q

ściskać

A

squeeze

to press something firmly

“She squeezed his hand and said goodbye.”

183
Q

wciskać się/przeciskać się itp.

A

squeeze

to move somewhere where there is very little space

“She squeezed through a narrow gap in the wall.”

184
Q

wyciskać cytrynę /pomarańczę itp.

A

squeeze

to press a lemon/orange, etc to get juice from it

“freshly squeezed orange juice”

185
Q

uścisk

A

squeeze

the action of firmly pressing something

“He gave her hand a little squeeze.”

186
Q

jest ciasno

A

squeeze

used to say that there are too many people or things in a small space

“We all got in, but it was a tight squeeze.”

187
Q

odrobina soku z cytryny /pomarańczy itp.

A

squeeze

a small amount of juice from a lemon/orange, etc

188
Q

zachowywać się

A

act

to behave in a particular way

“to act responsibly”,
“Jeff’s been acting strangely recently.”,
“Stop acting like a child!”

189
Q

działać

A

act

to do something, especially in order to solve a problem

“We have to act now to stop the spread of this disease.”

190
Q

grać, występować

A

act

to perform in a play or film

“He’s acted in a number of successful Hollywood films.”

191
Q

akt, czyn

A

act

something that someone does

“an act of terrorism/kindness”

192
Q

ustawa, akt (prawny)

A

act

a law made by a government

“an act of Congress/Parliament”

193
Q

akt

A

act

one of the parts a play is divided into

“Her character doesn’t appear until Act 2.”

194
Q

numer

A

act

one or several performers who perform for a short while in a show

“a comedy double act “

195
Q

poza

A

act

behaviour that hides your real feelings or intentions

“Was she really upset or was that just an act?”

196
Q

na gorącym uczynku (jak …)

A

act

doing something wrong

“I caught him in the act of opening one of my letters.”

197
Q

do, ku, na, w kierunku

A

toward

in the direction of someone or something

“She stood up and walked towards him.”,
“He kept glancing towards the telephone.”

198
Q

niedaleko, przy, około, pod

A

toward

near to a time or place

“Your seats are towards the back of the theatre.”,
“He only became successful towards the end of his life.”

199
Q

(w stosunku ) do, dla

A

toward

used when talking about feelings about something or someone

“His attitude towards work needs to improve.”

200
Q

na, do, dla

A

toward

for the purpose of buying or achieving something

“We’re asking people for a contribution towards the cost.”,
“This piece of work counts towards your final mark.”

201
Q

próba, wysiłek

A

effort

an attempt to do something

“We huddled together in an effort to keep warm.”,
“He was making an effort to be sociable.”

202
Q

wysiłek

A

effort

the energy that you need to do something

“I put a lot of effort into organizing the party.”,
“It would take too much effort to tidy my bedroom.”

203
Q

siła czynna

A

effort

the force that is used to make something move

204
Q

stanowić wysiłek, być trudnym

A

effort

to be difficult or painful

“After his accident, walking was an effort.”

205
Q

gorąco, ciepło

A

heat

the quality of being hot or warm

“the heat of summer”

206
Q

upał

A

heat

hot weather

“I don’t really like the heat.”

207
Q

temperatura

A

heat

the temperature of something

“Cook on a low heat.”

208
Q

ogrzewanie

A

heat

the system that keeps a building warm

“Could you turn the heat up a little?”

209
Q

eliminacje

A

heat

a competition, especially a race, which decides who will be in the final event

210
Q

ogrzać (się), podgrzewać

A

heat

to make something become hot or warm, or to become hot or warm

“I’ll just heat up some soup.”

211
Q

wieczór

A

evening

the part of the day between the afternoon and the night

“Are you doing anything this evening?”,
“I go to band practice on Monday evenings.”,
“We usually eat our main meal in the evening.”

212
Q

dobry wieczór

A

evening

something that you say when you meet someone in the evening

213
Q

oceniać

A

evaluation

to consider or study something carefully and decide how good or bad it is

214
Q

zdolny

A

capable

able to do things effectively and achieve results

“She’s a very capable young woman.”

215
Q

zdolny do czegoś

A

capable

having the ability or qualities to be able to do something

“He’s capable of doing much better than this.”,
“She was capable of great cruelty.”

216
Q

skóra

A

skin

the outer layer of a person or animal’s body

“dark/fair skin “,
“skin cancer”

217
Q

skóra

A

skin

the outer layer of a dead animal used as leather, fur, etc

“a leopard skin rug”

218
Q

skórka

A

skin

the outer layer of a fruit or vegetable

“a banana/potato skin”

219
Q

kożuch

A

skin

a thin, solid layer that forms on the top of a liquid

“A skin had formed on the top of the milk.”

220
Q

skórka (= programu)

A

skin

the particular way that information is arranged and shown on a computer screen

221
Q

obierać (ze skórki )

A

skin

to remove the skin from something

222
Q

obetrzeć (sobie)

A

skin

to injure your skin by rubbing it against something rough

“Mary fell and skinned her knees.”

223
Q

po południu , zwykle tłumaczy się podając godzinę w zapisie 24-godzinnym, np. od 9 do 18

A

PM

used when you are referring to a time after 12 o’clock in the middle of the day, but before 12 o’clock in the middle of the night

“Opening hours: 9 a.m. - 6 p.m.”

224
Q

premier

A

PM

abbreviation for prime minister: the leader of an elected government in some countries

225
Q

oznaka, znak

A

sign

something that shows that something is happening

“Flowers are the first sign of Spring.”,
“It’s a sign that things are improving.”,
“Staff are showing signs of strain.”

226
Q

znak

A

sign

a symbol or message in a public place that gives information or instructions

“a road sign “,
“a ‘no-smoking’ sign”

227
Q

znak, symbol

A

sign

a symbol that has a particular meaning

“a dollar/pound sign”,
“the sign of the cross”

228
Q

znak

A

sign

a movement you make to give someone information or tell them what to do

229
Q

podpisywać (się)

A

sign

to write your name on something to show that you wrote/painted, etc it or to show that you agree to it

“He signs his letters ‘Prof. James D. Nelson’.”,
“to sign a contract/treaty “

230
Q

społeczność

A

community

the people living in a particular area

“a rural/small community”

231
Q

środowisko, społeczność

A

community

a group of people with the same interests, nationality, job, etc

“the business/Chinese community”

232
Q

biocenoza

A

community

a group of plants or animals living in the same area

233
Q

nauczyciel/ka

A

teacher

someone whose job is to teach in a school, college, etc

“a history/science teacher”

234
Q

ciało

A

body

the whole physical structure of a person or animal

“the human body “,
“They covered their bodies with mud.”

235
Q

ciało, zwłoki

A

body

a dead person

“Police found the body in a field.”

236
Q

korpus

A

body

the main part of a person or animal’s body, not the head, arms, or legs

“a dog with a thin body and short legs”

237
Q

grupa, ciało

A

body

an official group of people who work together

“the sport’s regulatory body”

238
Q

główna część

A

body

the main part of something

“The body of the book is about his childhood.”

239
Q

ilość

A

body

a large amount of information

“a body of research into AIDS”

240
Q

nadwozie

A

body

the main part of a vehicle

“The body of the ship was not damaged.”

241
Q

grzech

A

sin

something that is against the rules of a religion

“the sin of pride”

242
Q

grzech

A

sin

something that you should not do because it is morally wrong

“You’ve only got one life and it’s a sin to waste it.”

243
Q

grzeszyć

A

sin

to do something that is against the rules of a religion

244
Q

jajko

A

egg

an oval object produced by a female chicken, that you eat as food

“a boiled/fried egg “

245
Q

jajko, jajo

A

egg

an oval object with a hard shell that contains a baby bird, insect, or other creature

“The bird lays (= produces) its eggs in a nest.”

246
Q

jajeczko

A

egg

a cell inside a female person or animal that can develop into a baby

247
Q

drut

A

wire

thin, metal thread, used to fasten things or to make fences, cages, etc

248
Q

przewód, kabel

A

wire

a long, thin piece of metal thread, usually covered in plastic, that carries electricity

“electrical wires”

249
Q

podłączać

A

wire

to connect wires so that a piece of electrical equipment will work

“Do you know how to wire a burglar alarm?”

250
Q

zdrutować

A

wire

to join two things together using wire

251
Q

wysyłać (telegramem )

A

wire

to send a message or money using an electrical communication system

252
Q

gleba, ziemia

A

soil

the top layer of earth that plants grow in

“clay/sandy soil”

253
Q

brudzić

A

soil

to make something dirty

254
Q

martwić się

A

worry

to think about problems or unpleasant things that might happen in a way that makes you feel anxious

“Don’t worry - she’ll be all right.”,
“She’s always worrying about something.”,
“I worry that he might run away.”

255
Q

martwić

A

worry

to make someone feel anxious because of problems or unpleasant things that might happen

“It worries me that he hasn’t phoned yet.”

256
Q

zmartwienie, problem

A

worry

a problem that makes you feel anxious

“health worries”

257
Q

zmartwienie

A

worry

the feeling of being anxious about something

“She’s been sick with worry.”

258
Q

oświadczenie

A

statement

something that someone says or writes officially

“The prime minister is expected to make a statement later today.”

259
Q

wyciąg (z konta )

A

statement

a piece of paper that shows how much money you have put into your bank account and how much you have taken out

260
Q

para

A

pair

two things that look the same and that are used together

“a pair of socks/shoes”

261
Q

para

A

pair

something that is made of two parts that are joined together

“a pair of scissors”,
“a new pair of jeans/trousers”

262
Q

para

A

pair

two people who are doing something together

“For the next exercise, you’ll need to work in pairs.”

263
Q

ekonomiczny, gospodarczy

A

economic

relating to trade, industry, and money

“economic growth “,
“economic policies “

264
Q

ekonomiczny, opłacalny

A

economic

making a profit, or likely to make a profit

“It’s not economic to produce goods in small quantities.”

265
Q

poświęcać coś komuś/czemuś

A

devote

to use time, energy, etc for a particular purpose

“She devotes most of her free time to charity work.”

266
Q

poświęcać coś komuś/czemuś

A

devote

to use a space or area for a particular purpose

“Most of the magazine was devoted to coverage of the royal wedding.”

267
Q

większość

A

majority

more than half of a group of people or things

“The majority of people in this country own their houses.”,
“The vast majority of smokers claim they would like to give up.”

268
Q

stanowić większość, przeważać

A

majority

to be larger than other similar groups

“Women are in the majority in the publishing world.”

269
Q

przewaga głosów , większość

A

majority

in an election, the difference between the number of votes for the winner, and the votes for the party that came second

“Labour has a strong majority.”

270
Q

sarna, jeleń

A

deer

a large, wild animal that is sometimes hunted for food and that has antlers (= long horns) if it is male

271
Q

wspólny

A

joint

belonging to or done by two or more people

“a joint statement “,
“The project was a joint effort by all the children in the class.”

272
Q

staw

A

joint

a place in your body where two bones meet

“the knee joint”

273
Q

sztuka (mięsa )

A

joint

a large piece of meat, usually cooked in the oven

“a joint of beef”

274
Q

połączenie, złącze

A

joint

a place where parts of a structure or machine are connected

275
Q

knajpka

A

joint

a place where something is sold, especially a restaurant or bar

“a pizza joint”

276
Q

niemniej, mimo to

A

nevertheless

despite that

“I knew a lot about the subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless.”

277
Q

wyjaśniać, tłumaczyć

A

explain

to make something clear or easy to understand by giving reasons for it or details about it

“Can you explain why you did this?”,
“Can you explain to me how this machine works?”,
“He explained that he was going to stay with his sister.”,
“How do you explain her strange behaviour?”

278
Q

wypadek

A

accident

something bad that happens that is not intended and that causes injury or damage

“a car/traffic accident “,
“He was involved in a road accident a month ago.”,
“She had an accident in the kitchen.”,
“I didn’t mean to spill his drink. It was an accident.”

279
Q

przez przypadek, przypadkiem

A

accident

without being intended

“I deleted the wrong file by accident.”

280
Q

czytanie, lektura

A

reading

the activity or skill of reading books

“I did a lot of reading on holiday.”

281
Q

odczyt

A

reading

an event at which someone reads something to an audience

“a poetry reading “

282
Q

odczyt

A

reading

the measurement that is shown on a piece of measuring equipment

“It’s best to take a meter reading as soon as you move in.”

283
Q

koło

A

wheel

a circular object fixed under a vehicle so that it moves smoothly over the ground

“My bike needs a new front wheel.”

284
Q

kierownica

A

wheel

a steering wheel (= circular object you turn to direct a vehicle)

“You should drive with both hands on the wheel.”,
“He fell asleep at the wheel (= while driving).”

285
Q

pchać/prowadzić/wprowadzać coś

A

wheel

to push something that has wheels somewhere

“He wheeled his bicycle into the garden.”

286
Q

dawać

A

give

to provide someone with something

“Her parents gave her a car for her birthday.”,
“Do you give money to charity?”,
“Could you give me a lift to the station, please?”

287
Q

podawać

A

give

to put something near someone or in their hand so that they can use it or look at it

“Can you give me that pen?”,
“He poured a cup of coffee and gave it to Isabel.”

288
Q

dawać

A

give

to allow someone to have a right or an opportunity

“We didn’t really give him a chance to explain.”

289
Q

podawać

A

give

to tell someone something

“The woman refused to give her name.”,
“Can you give Jo a message?”

290
Q

przynosić, powodować

A

give

to make someone have or feel something

“I hope he hasn’t given you any trouble.”,
“Smoking gives you cancer.”,
“This news will give hope to thousands of sufferers.”

291
Q

dawać

A

give

to allow someone or something a particular amount of time

“I’m nearly ready - just give me a few minutes.”

292
Q

dawać

A

give

to pay someone a particular amount of money for something

“I gave him $40 for his old camera.”

293
Q

Tłumaczy się często czasownikiem w formie dokonanej, np. krzyknąć , pocałować

A

give

to perform an action

“to give a cry/shout”,
“He gave her a kiss on the cheek.”

294
Q

zadzwonić do kogoś

A

give

to telephone someone

“Why don’t you just give him a call?”

295
Q

dać przedstawienie/wygłosić mowę itp.

A

give

to perform or speak in public

“Tony gave a great speech.”

296
Q

wyprawić przyjęcie

A

give

to have a party

“Claire’s giving a birthday party for Eric.”

297
Q

nie wytrzymać, poddać się

A

give

to bend, stretch, or break because of too much weight

298
Q

ustąpić

A

give

to stop in order to allow other vehicles to go past before you drive onto a bigger road

299
Q

elastyczność

A

give

something’s ability to bend or move from its normal shape to take extra weight or size

300
Q

ilustracja, obraz, zdjęcie

A

picture

a drawing, painting, or photograph of something or someone

“to draw/paint a picture “,
“She’s got pictures of pop stars all over her bedroom wall.”,
“Did you take many pictures (= photograph many things) while you were in Sydney?”

301
Q

obraz

A

picture

an idea of what something is like

“I’ve got a much clearer picture of what’s happening now.”

302
Q

obraz

A

picture

the image on a television screen

“I’m afraid it’s not a very good picture.”

303
Q

film

A

picture

a film

“Could this be the first animated film to win a best picture award?”

304
Q

kino

A

picture

the cinema

“I really fancy going to the pictures tonight.”

305
Q

wyobrażać sobie

A

picture

to imagine something in a particular way

“The house isn’t at all how I had pictured it.”

306
Q

przedstawiać

A

picture

to show someone or something in a picture

“They were pictured holding hands on the beach.”

307
Q

zwalniać, uwalniać

A

release

to allow a prisoner to be free

“Six hostages were released shortly before midday.”

308
Q

puszczać

A

release

to stop holding someone or something

“Release the handle.”

309
Q

ujawniać

A

release

to let the public have news or information about something

“Police have not released the dead woman’s name.”

310
Q

wypuszczać

A

release

to make a record or film available for people to buy or see

“The album is due to be released in time for Christmas.”

311
Q

uwalniać

A

release

to let a substance flow out from somewhere

“Dangerous chemicals were accidentally released into the river.”

312
Q

zwolnienie

A

release

the occasion when someone is allowed to leave prison

“After his release from jail, Jackson found it difficult to find work.”

313
Q

film, album

A

release

a new film or record that you can buy

“Have you heard the group’s latest release?”

314
Q

wyciek

A

release

an occasion when a substance is allowed to flow out of somewhere

“a release of toxic gas from the factory”

315
Q

jeśli, jeżeli, jak

A

if

used to say that something will happen only after something else happens or is true

“We’ll have the party in the garden if the weather’s good.”,
“If you eat up all your dinner you can have some chocolate.”

316
Q

jeśli, jeżeli

A

if

used to talk about something that might happen or be true

“I’m sorry if I’ve offended you.”,
“What will we do if this doesn’t work?”

317
Q

czy

A

if

whether

“I wonder if he’ll get the job.”,
“Have you asked her if she’d like to come?”

318
Q

gdy (tylko)

A

if

used to mean always or every time

“If you mention his mother, he always cries.”

319
Q

znak zapytania , niewiadoma

A

if

something that is not certain or not yet decided

“There are still a lot of ifs.”,
“There are no ifs and buts (= no doubts or excuses) about it - we’ll have to start again.”

320
Q

wyjątkowy, specjalny

A

special

better or more important than usual things

“a special friend”,
“I’m cooking something special for her birthday.”

321
Q

szczególn-a/e uwaga/opieka/traktowanie

A

special

treatment that is better than usual

322
Q

oferta specjalna

A

special

a price that is lower than usual

“I bought them because they were on special offer.”

323
Q

specjalny

A

special

different from normal things, or used for a particular purpose

“You need to use a special kind of paint.”,
“Some of the children have special educational needs.”

324
Q

specjalny program

A

special

a television programme made for a particular reason or occasion and not part of a series

“The Christmas special had 24.3 million viewers.”

325
Q

oferta specjalna , danie dnia

A

special

a dish in a restaurant that is not usually available

“Today’s specials are written on the board.”

326
Q

szybko

A

quickly

fast or in a short time

“I quickly shut the door.”,
“These people need to be treated as quickly as possible.”

327
Q

bez względu na coś

A

regardless

despite something

“She’ll make a decision regardless of what we think.”

328
Q

mimo wszystko, i tak

A

regardless

without thinking about problems or difficulties

“Mr Redwood claimed he would carry on with his campaign regardless.”

329
Q

zły, błędny

A

wrong

not correct

“the wrong answer “,
“We’re going the wrong way.”

330
Q

mylić się

A

wrong

to think or say something that is not correct

“You were wrong about the party - it’s today, not tomorrow.”

331
Q

pomylić się w czymś

A

wrong

to produce an answer or result that is not correct

“I got most of the answers wrong.”

332
Q

zły

A

wrong

If something is wrong, there is a problem.

“There’s something wrong with my computer.”,
“What’s wrong? “

333
Q

zły

A

wrong

morally bad

“It’s wrong to tell lies.”

334
Q

nieodpowiedni

A

wrong

not suitable

“I think she’s wrong for this job.”

335
Q

źle, błędnie

A

wrong

in a way that is not correct

“He always says my name wrong.”

336
Q

psuć się, popełniać błąd

A

wrong

to develop problems

“Something’s gone wrong with my computer.”

337
Q

Nie zrozum mnie źle

A

wrong

used when you do not want someone to think that you do not like someone or something

“Don’t get me wrong, I like her, but she can be very annoying.”

338
Q

zło

A

wrong

something that is not morally right

“She’s old enough to know the difference between right and wrong.”

339
Q

mylić się, ponosić winę , zawinić

A

wrong

to be responsible for a mistake or something bad that has happened

340
Q

skrzywdzić, wyrządzić krzywdę

A

wrong

to treat someone unfairly

“a wronged man”

341
Q

rozwój, wzrost

A

expansion

an increase in the size or amount of something

“the rapid expansion of the software industry”

342
Q

światowy, globalny

A

global

relating to the whole world

“the global problem of nuclear waste”

343
Q

kariera

A

career

a job that you do for a long period of your life and that gives you the chance to move to a higher position and earn more money

“a successful career in marketing”

344
Q

kariera

A

career

the time that you spend doing a particular job

“She began her acting career in TV commercials.”

345
Q

sunąć, stoczyć się

A

career

to move quickly and in an uncontrolled way

“The train careered off a bridge and plunged into the river.”

346
Q

radzić sobie z

A

handle

to deal with something

“He handled the situation very well.”,
“This office handles thousands of enquiries every day.”

347
Q

obchodzić się z, dotykać, mieć kontakt z

A

handle

to touch, hold, or pick up something

“You must wash your hands before handling food.”

348
Q

handlować

A

handle

to buy and sell goods

“He’s been charged with handling stolen goods.”

349
Q

uchwyt, rączka, klamka

A

handle

the part of something that you use to hold it or open it

“a door handle “,
“the handle on a suitcase”

350
Q

regulować, poprawiać, korygować, uwzględniać lub wprowadzać poprawki

A

adjust

to change something slightly so that it works better, fits better, or is more suitable

“You can adjust the heat using this switch here.”,
“She adjusted her hat in the mirror.”,
“The figures need to be adjusted for inflation.”

351
Q

przystosowywać się, przyzwyczajać się

A

adjust

to change the way you behave or think in order to suit a new situation

“They found it hard adjusting to life in a new country.”

352
Q

stabilny, trwały

A

stable

not likely to change or end suddenly

“a stable relationship”,
“The doctor said his condition was stable.”

353
Q

pewny, stabilny

A

stable

fixed or safe and not likely to move

“Be careful! That chair isn’t very stable.”

354
Q

zrównoważony

A

stable

mentally calm and not easily upset

355
Q

stajnia

A

stable

a building where horses are kept

356
Q

tradycja

A

tradition

a custom or way of behaving that has continued for a long time in a group of people or a society

“There is a strong tradition of dance in St Petersburg.”,
“We decided to break with tradition (= not behave as usual) this year and go away for Christmas.”

357
Q

napotkać, natknąć się na

A

encounter

to experience something unpleasant

“We encountered quite a few problems at the beginning.”

358
Q

spotykać

A

encounter

to meet someone, especially when you do not expect it

359
Q

spotkanie

A

encounter

a meeting, especially one that happens by chance

360
Q

zatrzymać, trzymać

A

keep

to have something permanently or for the whole of a period of time

“You can keep that dress if you like it.”,
“He borrowed my bike and kept it all week.”,
“I kept my last car for two years.”

361
Q

przechowywać coś , trzymać coś

A

keep

to regularly store something in a particular place

“I think he keeps his keys in the desk drawer.”,
“We’ll keep your application on file.”

362
Q

ciągle coś robić , nie przestawać czegoś robić

A

keep

to continue to do something, or to do something repeatedly

“My diets never work, but I keep trying.”,
“I keep telling her not to leave her clothes on the floor.”,
“He keeps hitting me.”

363
Q

nie dawać komuś spać/utrzymywać coś w czystości /zapewniać komuś/czemuś bezpieczeństwo itp.

A

keep

to remain in a particular state or make someone or something remain in a particular state

“Thick socks help me keep warm.”,
“He goes jogging twice a week to keep fit.”,
“He keeps his car spotlessly clean.”

364
Q

trzymać lub pozostawiać kogoś/coś gdzieś

A

keep

to make someone or something stay in the same place

“They will keep her at home for a few more days.”

365
Q

kazać, trzymać, powstrzymywać

A

keep

to make someone do something that stops them doing something else

“She kept me talking for ages.”,
“Sorry to keep you waiting.”,
“Don’t let me keep you from your work.”

366
Q

dotrzymać tajemnicy

A

keep

to not tell anyone a secret

367
Q

dotrzymać słowa

A

keep

to do what you have promised to do

368
Q

przyjść na (umówione) spotkanie

A

keep

to meet someone when you have arranged to meet them

369
Q

zatrzymywać

A

keep

to make someone arrive later than they planned

“I was expecting you at six - what kept you?”

370
Q

prowadzić

A

keep

to write down something in order to remember it

“to keep records/notes”

371
Q

zachowywać świeżość

A

keep

If food or drink keeps, it remains fresh.

372
Q

utrzymywać

A

keep

to provide enough money for someone to live

“I can’t keep a family on that salary.”

373
Q

hodować, trzymać

A

keep

to have and look after animals

“Our neighbours keep pigs.”

374
Q

pozwolić komuś wytrzymać lub przetrwać

A

keep

to provide what someone needs for a short period of time

“Dinner is at eight, but I had an apple to keep me going.”

375
Q

utrzymanie

A

keep

the money needed to pay for someone to eat and live in a place

“He earns his keep working in a garage.”

376
Q

do, ku, na, w kierunku

A

towards

in the direction of someone or something

“She stood up and walked towards him.”,
“He kept glancing towards the telephone.”

377
Q

niedaleko, przy, około, pod

A

towards

near to a time or place

“Your seats are towards the back of the theatre.”,
“He only became successful towards the end of his life.”

378
Q

(w stosunku ) do, dla

A

towards

used when talking about feelings about something or someone

“His attitude towards work needs to improve.”

379
Q

na, do, dla

A

towards

for the purpose of buying or achieving something

“We’re asking people for a contribution towards the cost.”,
“This piece of work counts towards your final mark.”

UK PLAN (30 decks)

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