Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CVPR > CVPR Week 7: Renal-Urinary Histology > Flashcards

CVPR Week 7: Renal-Urinary Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Objectives

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Functional parenchyma

A

Cortex > outer 1 cm, visible vessels separate from

Medulla > conical renal pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nephron function

A
  • Water-electrolyte balance
  • waste removal
  • Endocrine role
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Kidney’s functional unit

A

nephron extends from the cortex to the medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cortical portion of the nephron

A
  • Renal corpuscle (glomerulus & capsule)
  • proximal and distal convoluted tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The medullary portion of the nephron

A

loop of Henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Path of blood flow in the kidney

A

afferent arteriole → glomerulus (filtration) → efferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Efferent renal arteriole function

A

supplies capillary beds

  • peritubular capillaries (convoluted tubules)
  • Vasa recta (loop of Henle)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Identify

A

renal corpuscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Identify

A

renal corpuscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vascular component of the renal corpuscle

A

Glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Endothelial component of the renal corpuscle

A

Visceral epithelium > Podocytes (visceral layer of Bowman’s capsule)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Epithelial component of the renal corpuscle

A

Parietal epithelium > Parietal layer of Bowman’s Capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Foot process (pedicles)

A

Encircle capillaries, interdigitate, rest on GBM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Epithelium of the renal corpuscle structure

A
  • simple squamous epithelium continuous with visceral epithelium at the vascular pole, separated by Bowman’s space
  • Transitions to tall columnar epithelium at urinary (tubular pole)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Capillary endothelium description

A

Fenestrated flomerular capillary endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Glomerular basement membrane

A

ECM proteins for adhesion and heparan sulfate for negative charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Glomerular visceral epithelium organization

A

(Podocyte) filtration slits > filtration slit diapragm > pores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Glomerular filtrate includes

9 listed

A
  • water
  • glucose
  • amino acids
  • ions
  • urea
  • many hormones
  • vitamins B and C
  • ketones
  • very small amounts of proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the glomerular filtration barrier

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Identify

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The glomerular mesangium

A

Connective tissue cells

31
Q

The glomerular mesangium

A

Extraglomerular > between afferent and efferent arterioles

Intraglomerular > base of glomerular capillary loops

32
Q

The glomerular mesangium function

A
  • support
  • contractile properties
  • phagocytic
33
Q

JGA AKA

A

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

34
Q

JGA

Macula densa > modified DCT cells

A

Macula densa > modified DCT cells

  • sense changes in filtrate and volume and NaCl concentration in DCT
  • Communicate with JG granular cells
35
Q

JGA

Juxtaglomerular granular cells > modified smooth muscle cells

A
  • wall of afferent arteriole
  • release renin
36
Q

Identify

A
37
Q

Identify

A
38
Q

The renal tubular system function

A

Reabsorbs filtrate

  • isosmotically active and passive transport
  • The major site of glucose, amino acids, electrolyte, water, and protein reabsorption
39
Q

Proximal convoluted tubule structure

A
  • Simple cuboidal > columnar
  • Dense microvillus border (brush border)
  • increases luminal surface area > absorption
40
Q

Distal convoluted tubule structure and location

A

simple cuboidal > low columnar

no brush border

macula densa between arterioles

tightly packed cells, dense nuclei

merge into cortical collecting duct

41
Q

Distal convoluted tubule function

A

salt absorption and movement of water to collecting duct

42
Q

Loop of Henle structure & location

A
  • Simple cuboidal to simple squamous regions
  • Descend variable distances into the medulla
43
Q

Loop of Henle function

A
  • urine concentration
  • longer loops assist in establishment of hypertonicity gradient in medullary interstitium
44
Q

Identify

A
45
Q

Collecting ducts/Tubules structure & location

A

Straight ducts with low cuboidal to columnar epithelium

46
Q

Collecting ducts/Tubules function

A

Hormone sensitive

  • Aldosterone > Na+ absorption, K+ secretion
  • ADH (Vasopressin) > water passes into interstitium (without NaCl movement)
47
Q

Storage/Collecting system of the kidneys

A

Minor calyx and bladder

48
Q

Minor calyx and bladder structure

A

similar basic histologic structure

  • Mucosa
  • Muscularis
  • Adventitia/Serosa
49
Q

Minor Calyx and bladder mucosa

A
  • Transitional epithelium, 3-6 cell layers deep
  • lamina propria
    • loose > dense connective tissue
50
Q

Minor Calyx and bladder Muscularis

A
  • 2 layers of smooth muscle (inner circular, outer longitudinal)
  • third layer at ureter/bladder junction
51
Q

Minor Calyx and bladder adventitia/serosa

A
52
Q

Identify

A
53
Q

Identify

A
54
Q

Identify the visceral epithelium

A
55
Q

Visceral epithelium

A

Podocytes

are actually throughout the glomerulus but easiest to distinguish from capillary endothelial cells at the edge of a glomerular section

56
Q

Identify the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s Capsule

A
57
Q

Identify Macula Densa

A
58
Q

Identify parietal epithelium of Bowman’s Capsule

A
59
Q

What is the structure that blocks large proteins from passing between the capillary and the capsular (Bowman’s space)

A

The glomerular basement membrane is the main barrier to protein passage

60
Q

What cells sense changes in filtrate volume and NaCl concentration?

A

The Macula Densa cells are modified Distal Convoluted Tubule cells adjacent to the afferent arteriole at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle

61
Q

Identify

A
62
Q

Identify

A
63
Q

Identify

A
64
Q

Identify

A
65
Q

Most filtrate reabsorption occurs in the?

A

Proximal convoluted tubules

66
Q

Identify and answer

A
67
Q

What is the last site of renal water reabsorption from the filtrate?

A

The last site of water reabsorption from the filtrate is the collecting ducts

68
Q

Identify

A
69
Q

What are these?

A
70
Q

Question 1

A
71
Q

Question 2

A
72
Q

Question 3

A
73
Q

Question 4

A

CVPR (93 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions