CVPR Week 6: Sleep Disordered Breathing Flashcards
Objectives
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/272/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721097)
Physiologic changes during sleep
- Heart rate drops
- Breathing rate slows
- Blood pressure decreases
- Urine output decreases
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/309/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721194)
Polysomnogram of various apnea
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/330/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721248)
Two types of breathing events during sleep
- Apnea
- Hypopnea
Apnea description
Cessation of airflow >= 10 seconds
Hypopnea description
Decreased airflow >= 30% from baseline lasting >= 10 seconds associated with >= 4% oxyhemoglobin desaturation Or an arousal from sleep
Obstructive sleep apnea description and criteria
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/468/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721429)
Sleep apnea cycle
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/479/a_image_thumb.png?1555721490)
Physiologic stressors of sleep apnea
4 listed
- Cyclic hypoxemia
- Strenuous respiration
- Sympathetic activation
- Reduced total sleep time
Central sleep apnea description and criteria
- A lack of effort to breathe
- Respiratory drive under metabolic control in NREM sleep
- Mu receptors sense CO2 in brainstem
- Breath is triggered by CO2 hitting threshold (individual)
Central sleep apnea dysregulation is due to?
4 listed
- Brain lesion
- Genetic
- Medication
- Poor cardiac function
Brain lesions that can lead to central sleep apnea
- Stroke
- anatomical
- vascular
- tumor
Genetic conditions that can lead to central sleep apnea
Odine’s Curse (“forget” to breathe)
Medication that can that can lead to central sleep apnea
narcotics block Mu receptors
Cardiac functioning that can lead to central sleep apnea
- CHF
- Atrial fibrillation
- Signal to brain is “old news”
Central sleep apnea is driven by?
CO2
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/653/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721806)
Quick screening tool for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
STOPBANG
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/274/879/685/a_image_thumb.jpg?1555721843)