CVPR Week 3: Autonomic Physiology of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Objectives

A
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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system divisions

2 listed

A
  • autonomic nervous system
  • somatic nervous system
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3
Q

Skeletal muscle is innervated by?

A

Efferent motor & afferent sensory neurons of the somatic nervous division

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4
Q

Voluntary nervous system AKA

A

Somatic nervous system

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5
Q

The autonomic nervous system innervates?

A

Organs and tissue that typically do not require conscious control

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6
Q

Involuntary nervous system AKA

A

Autonomic nervous system

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7
Q

Autonomic nervous system divisions

3 listed

A
  • Sympathetic division
  • Parasympathetic division
  • Enteric Division
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8
Q

Most organs innervated by the ANS are innervated by this division?

A

By both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS

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9
Q

The actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are typically?

A

Antagonistic

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10
Q

An increase in sympathetic stimulation in the SA node will produce?

A

an increase in heart rate

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11
Q

An increase in parasympathetic stimulation in the SA node will produce?

A

a reduction in heart rate

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12
Q

How is homeostasis achieved by the ANS?

A

It is a balance of activity between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS that helps maintain a stable environment in the face of changing external conditions

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13
Q

Tissues innervated only by one division of the ANS

A

Systemic vasculature is primarily innervated by the sympathetic division of the ANS

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14
Q

What system is primarily responsible for the regulation of heart rate, contractility and vascular tone?

A

The ANS

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15
Q

Properties of the Autonomic Nervous System

A
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16
Q

Sympathetic division organization

A
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17
Q

Parasympathetic division organization

A
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18
Q

Neurotransmitter release in ANS neurons

A
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19
Q

NE AKA

A

Norepinephrine

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20
Q

Sympathetic Nervous system neurotransmitters

A

Released at most postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings exceptions include the release of ACh at sweat glands and the release of dopamine at some renal arteries

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21
Q

Nerve fibers that release NE are referred to as?

A

Adrenergic fibers

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22
Q

A modified sympathetic ganglion

A

Adrenal medulla

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23
Q

Adrenal medulla properties

A
  • is a modified sympathetic ganglion and is innervated by sympathetic preganglionic fibers
  • These fibers synapse on chromaffin cells, which release epinephrine (adrenaline) and a smaller fraction of NE (noradrenaline) into the blood
  • Therefore epinephrine and NE act as endocrine factors
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24
Q

Epinephrine and NE are known as?

A

Catecholamines

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25
Some NE is actively transported back into the postganglionic neuron where it is?
Degraded by monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the mitochondria
26
ACh is released by
* **ALL** preganglionic autonomic fibers * All postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
27
Nerve fibers that release ACh are called?
Cholinergic fibers
28
Once ACh has been degraded it is?
Choline actively transported back into the postganglionic varicosity and used to synthesize additional ACh
29
ACh is degraded by?
Acetylcholinesterase
30
ACh is degraded into?
Choline and acetate
31
Drugs to treat cocaine intoxication
32
CNS effects of cocaine and nicotine
33
CP effects of cocaine
34
Crack lung?
35
cocaine myocardial supply and demand effects
36
Other effects of cocaine
37
Clinical indicators of shock
38
Do not treat cocaine intoxication with?
β-blockers!!!!!
39
Adrenergic receptors
40
Mottling is suggestive of
shock
41
Question
42
Explain the RAS system
43
Renin synthesis and release
44
Question
45
Question explanation
46
Question: Part A
47
Question: Part B
48
Question: Part A
49
Question: Part B
50
Question: Part C
51
Question: Part D
52
Question: Part E
53
Question: Part A
54
Question: Part B
55
Question: Part C
56
Question: Part A
57
Question 6: Part B
58
Question 6: Part C
59
Responses to β receptor stimulation
60
Question 6: Part D
61
What are these?