CVPR Cardiovascular pharmacology 2 Flashcards
Nitrates effect on contractility
No effect
β-blockers effect on contractility
↓
Nitrates + β-blockers effect on contractility
Little/no effect
Nitrates effect on HR
↑
β-blockers effect on HR
↓
Nitrates + β-blockers effect on HR
No effect or ↓
Nitrates effect on ejection time
↓
β-blockers effect on ejection time
↑
Nitrates + β-blockers effect on ejection time
Little/no effect
Nitrates effect on MVO2
↓
β-blockers effect on MVO2
↓
Nitrates + β-blockers effect on MVO2
↓↓
What is MVO2?
Myocardial O2 consumption
Verapamil for antianginal therapy
Similar to β-blockers in effect
Partial β-agonists for antianginal therapy
Pindolol and acebutolol are partial β-agonists that should be used with caution in angina
Ranolazine MOA
Inhibits the late phase of sodium current thereby reducing diastolic wall tension and O2 consumption Does not affect HR or contractility
Clinical uses of ranolazine
Angina refractory to other medical therapies
Adverse effects of ranolazine
- Constipation
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Nausea
- QT prolongation
Milrinone MOA
Selective PDE-3 inhibitor In cardiomyocytes: ↑cAMP accumulation → ↑Ca influx → ↑ ionotropy and chronotropy In vascular smooth muscle: ↑cAMP accumulation → inhibition of MLCK activity → general vasodilation
Clinical uses of Milrinone
Short-term use in acute decompensated HF
Adverse effects of Milrinone
Arrhythmias Hypotension
List of lipid-lowering agents
6 listed
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
- Bile acid resins
- Ezetimibe
- Fibrates
- Niacin
- PCSK9 inhibitors
Examples of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Lovastatin Pravastatin
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors effect on LDL
↓↓↓
