CVPR Week 4: Atherosclerosis Flashcards
What is arteriosclerosis?
hardening and thickening of artery walls
Types of arteriosclerosis
3 listed
- Atherosclerosis
- Medial calcification
- Arteriolarsclerosis

What is atherosclerosis?
- medium to large arteries
- defined by intimal atheromas

What is medial calcification?
consequence of age
Calcium depositis in the media of the blood vessels

What is arteriolarsclerosis?
arteriosclerosis of small blood vessels less than 0.3 mm
2 different types
- hyperplastic intimal thickening
- Hyalin: acellular thickening (shown in this histologic section)

Atherosclerosis is defined by?
Intimal atheromas
What are Intimal atheromas?
a fatty collection within the blood vessel intima
Medial sclerosis AKA
Monckeberg’s sclerosis
What is this?

medial sclerosis
has calcium deposits in the muscular media of the blood vessel
What is this?

hyalin type arteriolarsclerosis
where there is acellular thickening in the intima of the very small blood vessel secondary to endothelial dysfunction
What is this?

Hyperplastic type Arteriolarsclerosis
where the intima thickening due to intima hyperplasia
hyalin type arteriolarsclerosis is associated with?
essential or common type HTN
Hyperplastic type Arteriolarsclerosis is associated with
malignant HTN or extremely high BPs
Atherosclerosis vessels that can be affected?
8 listed

Identify


What is this a depiction of?

gross view of atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta, these brown spots are all ulcerating atherosclerotic plaques within the aorta

microscopic pathophysiology of atherosclerosis
8 listed
defined by intimal plaques
muscular media changes
- loss of smooth muscle cells
- increase of collagen fibers
- increase of ground substance
Adventitia changes
- fibrous thickening
- mild inflammation

What is this

atherosclerotic intimal plaque

Identify


How are atheromatous plaques initiated and formed
- atherosclerotic plaques are thought to arise from an initial endothelial dysfunction or injury
- the risk factors explain how the endothelial injury or dysfunction can arise such as high BP
- the endothelial dysfunction or injury allow monocytes migrate to the intima and become macrophages
- leukocytes and monocytes recruit smooth muscle cells from the media layer and these move into the intima and form a fibrous cap

What is this?

atherosclerotic plaque and fibrous cap
What is this?

lipids in atherosclerotic plaque and fibrous cap
what is the weakest part of the atherosclerotic plaque
the shoulder of the fibrous cap… this is important because
Atherosclerosis risk factors
10 listed






































































