Chapter 101 - Stifle Flashcards
What is the approximate volume of the medial femorotibial compartment (MFT) in mL?
a) 31.67 mL ± 5.77 mL
b) 41.67 mL ± 5.77 mL
c) 51.67 mL ± 2.89 mL
d) 61.67 mL ± 2.89 mL
Answer: b) 41.67 mL ± 5.77 mL
What percentage of horses show communication between the femoropatellar joint (FP) and the medial femorotibial joint (MFT)?
a) 60% to 65%
b) 70% to 75%
c) 80% to 85%
d) 90% to 95%
Answer: a) 60% to 65%
In which percentage of limbs does mepivacaine diffusion occur from the LFT to the FP?
a) 80%
b) 85%
c) 90%
d) 95%
Answer: c) 90%
The standing femorotibial joint angle is approximately:
a) 140 degrees
b) 150 degrees
c) 160 degrees
d) 170 degrees
Answer: b) 150 degrees
What is the percentage range of horses showing communication between the femoropatellar joint (FP) and the lateral femorotibial joint (LFT)?
a) 1% to 25%
b) 5% to 10%
c) 10% to 25%
d) 25% to 50%
Answer: c) 1% to 25%
At what age is the patella fully ossified in horses?
a) 2 months
b) 4 months
c) 6 months
d) 12 months
Answer: b) 4 months
How many centers of ossification does the stifle of a horse have at birth?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Answer: c) 6
What is the approximate sensitivity of ultrasonography for identifying meniscal injuries compared to arthroscopic findings?
a) 65%
b) 70%
c) 79%
d) 85%
Answer: c) 79%
The apophyseal-epiphyseal physis of the tibial tuberosity closes at what age?
a) 6 to 9 months
b) 9 to 12 months
c) 12 to 15 months
d) 15 to 18 months
Answer: b) 9 to 12 months
The lateral femorotibial compartment (LFT) has a volume of approximately how many mL?
a) 51.67 mL ± 2.89 mL
b) 61.67 mL ± 2.89 mL
c) 71.67 mL ± 5.77 mL
d) 81.67 mL ± 5.77 mL
Answer: b) 61.67 mL ± 2.89 mL
How long is the distal femoral physis open in horses?
a) 12 to 18 months
b) 18 to 24 months
c) 24 to 30 months
d) 30 to 36 months
Answer: c) 24 to 30 months
What is the maximum degree of external rotation the tibia undergoes during the screw home mechanism?
a) 5 degrees
b) 6 degrees
c) 8 degrees
d) 10 degrees
Answer: c) 8 degrees
What is the false positive rate of ultrasonography for identifying meniscal injuries compared to arthroscopic findings?
a) 30%
b) 40%
c) 56%
d) 70%
Answer: c) 56%
At what angle should the x-ray beam be directed for the caudocranial view of the stifle?
a) 0 to 10 degrees
b) 10 to 20 degrees
c) 20 to 30 degrees
d) 30 to 40 degrees
Answer: b) 10 to 20 degrees
What is the volume of the medial femorotibial compartment (MFT) of the stifle joint?
A) 41.67 mL ±5.77 mL
B) 61.67 mL ±2.89 mL
C) 50.00 mL ±4.00 mL
D) 30.00 mL ±3.00 mL
Answer: A) 41.67 mL ±5.77 mL
The standing femorotibial joint angle is approximately:
A) 140 degrees
B) 150 degrees
C) 160 degrees
D) 180 degrees
Answer: B) 150 degrees
What percentage of horses typically show communication between the femoropatellar joint (FP) and the medial femorotibial joint (MFT)?
A) 30% to 40%
B) 50% to 55%
C) 60% to 65%
D) 70% to 75%
Answer: C) 60% to 65%
How much mepivacaine diffusion occurs from the lateral femorotibial joint (LFT) to the femoropatellar joint (FP)?
A) 80%
B) 85%
C) 90%
D) 100%
Answer: C) 90%
What ligament is NOT part of the stifle joint’s supporting soft tissue structures?
A) Cranial cruciate ligament
B) Medial femoropatellar ligament
C) Radial collateral ligament
D) Lateral collateral ligament
Answer: C) Radial collateral ligament
The presence of upward fixation of the patella is indicated by:
A) Inability to extend the stifle
B) Inability to flex the stifle
C) Reduced weight bearing
D) Increased gait abnormalities
Answer: B) Inability to flex the stifle
Which imaging technique is particularly beneficial for evaluating obscured regions of the stifle?
A) Radiography
B) Ultrasonography
C) Computed tomography (CT)
D) Nuclear scintigraphy
Answer: B) Ultrasonography
The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography for identifying meniscal injuries when compared to arthroscopic findings is:
A) 50% sensitivity, 70% specificity
B) 79% sensitivity, 56% specificity
C) 85% sensitivity, 90% specificity
D) 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity
Answer: B) 79% sensitivity, 56% specificity
The primary purpose of intraarticular anesthesia in stifle diagnostics is to:
A) Provide pain relief
B) Localize lameness
C) Enhance imaging quality
D) Decrease joint swelling
Answer: B) Localize lameness
How many centers of ossification does the stifle of the horse have at birth?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Seven
Answer: C) Six