Chapter 10 - Preparation for surgery Flashcards
What increases the chance of complications in surgeries?
A) Shorter procedures B) Emergency surgeries performed at night C) Use of robotic techniques D) Surgeries with minimal invasiveness
B) Emergency surgeries performed at night
Why are neonatal animals at higher risk during anesthesia?
A) They are immunocompetent B) They have compensatory mechanisms C) They lack energy stores and compensatory mechanisms D) Their organs are fully developed
C) They lack energy stores and compensatory mechanisms
Which animals are at higher risk of developing postoperative rhabdomyolysis?
A) Small animals B) Obese animals C) Large and heavy animals D) Neonatal animals
C) Large and heavy animals
Which classification system is used to assess the physical status of patients?
A) POSSUM B) MODS C) ASA D) SMOOS
C) ASA
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What does the MODS system assess?
A) Anesthesia risks B) Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome C) Preoperative nutrition status D) Recovery time
B) Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
What percentage of surgical complications are caused by technical provider-related errors?
A) 20-30% B) 47-96% C) 15-50% D) 60-80%
B) 47-96%
What is the definition of physical status I? Prognosis?
Healthy with no organic disease. Excellent
What is the definition of physical status II? Prognosis?
Local disease with no systemic signs. Good
What is the definition of physical status III? Prognosis?
Disease causes moderate systemic signs that limit function. Fair
What is the definition of physical status IV? Prognosis?
Disease causes severe systemic signs and threatens life. Guarded
What is the definition of physical status V? Prognosis?
Moribund, not expected to live for more than 24 hours with or without surgery. Grave
What is the definition of physical status E? Prognosis?
The addition of “E” in any of the above classes denotes Emergency surgery: An emergency is defined as existing when delay in treatment of the patient would lead to a significant increase in the threat to life or body part. Variable.
What are the recommended Laboratory tests MINOR in physical status I and II?
PCV, TP, urine specific gravity
Which condition in horses is linked to higher mortality rates when classified under ASA?
A) Colic B) Laminitis C) Fractures D) Respiratory issues
A) Colic
What increases the chances of perioperative fatalities in horses?
A) Low ASA classification B) High ASA classification C) Routine surgeries D) Daytime surgeries
B) High ASA classification
How much more likely is mortality in colic patients compared to healthy ASA-I animals?
A) 2 times B) 10 times C) 12 times D) 20 times
C) 12 times
hich is a primary determinant of surgical risk in animals?
A) Nutritional status B) Time of surgery C) Size of the surgical team D) Type of anesthesia
A) Nutritional status
Which type of surgery tends to have more complications due to lack of specialized training?
A) Routine procedures B) Advanced procedures C) Emergency surgeries D) Minimally invasive surgeries
B) Advanced procedures
What factor is a key consideration for reducing routine surgical errors?
A) Strict adherence to protocols B) Continuous surgeon education C) More advanced surgical tools D) Increased postoperative care
B) Continuous surgeon education
How are better surgical outcomes related to the number of surgeries performed?
A) More surgeries lead to worse outcomes B) Higher volume of procedures by specialized surgeons leads to better outcomes C) Less frequent surgeries are safer D) There is no correlation between volume and outcomes
B) Higher volume of procedures by specialized surgeons leads to better outcomes
What was the mortality rate associated with healthy ASA-I class horses?
A) 0.1% B) 0.3% C) 1.0% D) 3.6%
B) 0.3%
What kind of animals are predisposed to post-surgical infection due to malnutrition?
A) Large animals B) Neonatal animals C) Cachectic animals D) Healthy animals
C) Cachectic animals
Which animals are at risk for hyperlipemia after surgery?
A) Donkeys and obese animals B) Large and healthy animals C) Elderly animals D) Small animals only
A) Donkeys and obese animals
What type of error contributes to most deaths in small intestinal colic cases?
A) Equipment failure B) Technical and judgment errors C) Delayed diagnosis D) Lack of anesthesia
B) Technical and judgment errors