Chap 21, Pharmacology, Terminology Flashcards
aer/o
air
aerosol
Particles of drug (in solution) suspended in air. The suffix -sol means solution.
alges/o
sensitivity to pain
analgesic
Pert. to without sensitivity to pain.
bronch/o
bronchial tube
bronchodilator
Drug that relaxes the smooth muscle lining bronchial tubes & used to treat asthma, emphysema, & chronic bronchitis. Theophylline is a smooth muscle relaxant used to treat asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.
chem/o
drug
chemotherapy
Treatment using drugs.
cras/o
mixture
idiosyncrasy
An unexpected effect of a drug that is peculiar to an individual. Idi/o means individual, peculiar; syn- means together. An idiosyncrasy is an abnormal, unexpected effect of a drug that is peculiar to an individual.
cutane/o
skin
subcutaneous
Pert. to under the skin.
derm/o
skin
hypodermic
Pert. to under the skin.
erg/o
work
synergism
Condition of working together; the drug action in which the combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.
esthes/o
feeling, sensation
anesthesia
Condition of being without nervous sensation.
hist/o
tissue
antihistamine
Agent that acts against histamine production in the body. Histamine is released as a result of an allergic reaction. The suffix -amine indicates a nitrogen-containing compound.
Histamine
is a substance found in all body tissues (it causes capillary dilation and gastric acid secretion and constricts bronchial tube smooth muscles); an excess of histamine is released when the body comes into contact with substances to which it is sensitive.
hypn/o
sleep
hypnotic
Pert. to a condition of sleep ( a trance-like state).
iatr/o
treatment
iatrogenic
Pert. to an adverse condition that’s caused or produced by a physician or a specific treatment.
lingu/o
tongue
sublingual
Pert. to under the tongue.
myc/o
mold, fungus
erythromycin
Antibiotic produced from a red (erythr/o) mold (myc/o).
narc/o
stupor
narcotic
Pert. to a substance that produces stupor (has a morphine or opium-like action).
or/o
mouth
oral
Pert. to the mouth.
pharmac/o
drug
pharmacology
Study of drugs.
prurit/o
itching
antipruritic
Pert. to an agent that acts to relieve itching.
pyret/o
fever
antipyretic
Pert. to an agent that acts to relieve fever.
thec/o
sheath (of brain & spinal cord)
intrathecal
Pert. to within the sheath of membranes surrounding the spinal cord.
tox/o
poison
toxic
Pert. to poison.
toxic/o
poison
toxicology
Study of poisons & the harmful effects of drugs)
vas/o
vessel
vasodilator
Substance that causes blood vessels to widen.
ven/o
vein
intravenous
Pert. to within a vein.
vit/o
life
vitamin
A substance in foods that is essential in small quantities for growth and good health (life-giving amines).
ana-
upward, excessive, again
anaphylaxis
A hypersensitive state of the body to a foreign protein (antigen) or drug; can produce severe symptoms and shock.
anti-
against
antidote
An agent given to counteract unwanted effect of a drug.
antibiotic
A substance that acts against microorganisms, such as bacteria.
contra-
against, opposite
contraindication
Factor in the patient’s condition that prevents the use of a drug or treatment.
drug indications
are reasons to prescribe a medication; a bacterial infection may be an indication to prescribe a specific antibiotic.
par-
other than, apart from
parenteral
Pert to injection of drugs other than through the intestines.
enter/o
intestine
syn-
together, with
synergistic
Pertaining to synergism (the drug action in which the sum of the effects of giving two drugs together is greater than that of giving each drug alone).
