Chap 15, Pathology, Bones Flashcards

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1
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

Malignant bone tumor occurring in children. Rare malignant tumor arising in bone; most often occurring in children.

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2
Q

exostosis

A

Bony growth arising from the surface of a bone.

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3
Q

bunion

A

Abnormal swelling of the joint between the big toe and the bone of the foot. A swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint near the base of the big toe and is accompanied by the buildup of soft tissue and underlying bone at the distal/medial aspect of the first metatarsal.

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4
Q

fracture

A

Traumatic breaking of a bone.

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5
Q

simple fracture (closed)

A

The bone is broken but there is no open would in the skin.

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6
Q

compound fracture (open)

A

The bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through an open wound in the skin.

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7
Q

Colles fracture (wrist)

A

Near the wrist at distal end of the radius.

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8
Q

comminuted fracture

A

Bone is splintered and crushed into several pieces.

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9
Q

compression fracture

A

Bone collapses or is compressed; occurs in vertebrae.

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10
Q

greenstick fracture

A

Bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on another; often occurring in forearm.

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11
Q

Impacted fracture

A

One fragment is driven firmly into the other fragment; at the head of the femur or head of the humerus.

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12
Q

osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma)

A

Malignant (cancerous) tumor of bone tissue.

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13
Q

osteomalacia

A

Softening of bones with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in the bone.

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14
Q

osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection.

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15
Q

osteoporosis

A

Decrease in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily.

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16
Q

Kyphosis

A

Abnormal condition of outward curvature (convexity) of the thoracic spine.

17
Q

lordosis

A

Forward curvature of the lumbar spinal column. In its extreme form it is known as “swayback.”

18
Q

scoliosis

A

Abnormal condition of lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine.

19
Q

talipes

A

Club foot; foot is fixed in an abnormal position due to a congenital deformity of the ankle and foot.