Chap 17, The Eye, Pathology

Question 1

cataract

Answer 1

Clouding or loss of transparency of the lens of the eye, a type of degenerative eye disease.

Question 2

chalazion

Answer 2

Small, hard mass (granuloma) on the eyelid.

Question 3

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 3

Disease of the retina due to long-term effects of diabetes.

Question 4

glaucoma

Answer 4

Fluid accumulation in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye causing increased pressure and damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of peripheral vision (world gets smaller and smaller).

Question 5

trabeculoplasty

Answer 5

Laser surgery that creates perforations in the trabeculum, to drain built up aqueous humor and relieve pressure.

Question 6

tonometry

Answer 6

Measurement of tension and pressure within the eye; glaucoma test.

Question 7

hordeolum (stye or sty)

Answer 7

Inflammation of an oil-secreting gland in the eyelid; stye.

Question 8

macular degeneration

Answer 8

Deterioration of the macula of the retina and producing a loss of central vision.

Question 9

nystagmus

Answer 9

Repetitive, rhythmic movements of one or both eyes.

Question 10

retinal detachment

Answer 10

Separation of the two layers of the retina from each other.

Question 11

photopsia

Answer 11

Bright flashes of light

Question 12

floaters

Answer 12

black spots or filmy shapes

Question 13

scleral buckle

Answer 13

Procedure to suture a band of silicone on the sclera directly over a detached portion of the retina.

Question 14

pneumatic retinopexy

Answer 14

A gas bubble is injected into the vitreous cavity to put pressure on the area of retinal tear until the retina is reattached.

Question 15

strabismus

Answer 15

Abnormal deviation of the pupils; esotropia or exotropia are examples.

Question 16

esotropia

Answer 16

One eye turns inward; cross-eyed.

Question 17

exotropia

Answer 17

One eye turns outward; wall-eyed.

Question 18

hypertropia

Answer 18

Upward deviation of one eye.

Question 19

hypotropia

Answer 19

Downward deviation of one eye.

Question 20

amblyopia

Answer 20

Partial loss of vision or lazy eye.

Question 21

diplopia

Answer 21

Double vision.

Question 22

dacryocystitis

Answer 22

Dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the tear sac (lacrimal sac) at the inner corner of the eye.

Question 23

ectropion

Answer 23

Outward sagging and eversion of the eyelid, leading to improper lacrimation and corneal drying and ulceration.

Question 24

entropion

Answer 24

Inversion of the eyelid, causing the lashes to rub against the eye; corneal abrasion may result.

Question 25

hordeolum (stye)

Answer 25

Infection of a sebaceous gland producing a small, superficial white nodule along lid margin.

Question 26

ptosis

Answer 26

Drooping of upper lid margin as a result of neuromuscular problems or trauma.

Question 27

xanthelasma

Answer 27

Raised yellowish plaque on eyelid caused by lipid disorder.