Chap 18, Endocrine System, Terminology, Combining Forms: Glands Flashcards
aden/o
gland
adenectomy
Removal of a gland.
adrenal/o
adrenal gland
adrenalectomy
Removal of an adrenal gland
gonad/o
sex glands (ovaries and testes)
gonadotropin
Hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland and acts on the gonads (ovaries and testes).
Here, -tropin means to act on. Gonadotropins act on (stimulate) gonads. Examples of gonadotropins are follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH), secreted by the pituitary gland.
hypogonadism
Condition of decreased function of the gonads, with decreased growth and sexual development.
Deficiency of gonadotropins can produce hypogonadism.
pancreat/o
pancreas
pancreatectomy
Removal of the pancreas.
parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland
parathyroidectomy
Removal of the parathyroid glands.
pituitar/o
pituitary gland; hypophysis
hypopituitarism
Condition resulting from decreased secretion by the pituitary gland.
Pituitary dwarfism is caused by hypopituitarism.
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid gland
thyrotropic hormone
Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis) that acts on the thyroid gland. (TSH) thyroid stimulating hormone is a thyrotropic hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland the adenohypophysis.
thyroiditis
Inflammation of the thyroid gland. May result from bacterial or viral infection, or an autoimmune reaction. Symptoms are throat pain, swelling, tenderness, and signs of hyperthyroidism. The condition may progress to destruction of the thyroid gland and hypothyroidism. In Hashimoto disease, or autoimmune thyroiditis, antibodies trigger lymphocytes to destroy follicular cells in the thyroid gland, producing hypothyroidism.
