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Medical Terminology, LOM > Chap 19, Terminology > Flashcards

Chap 19, Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

alveol/o

A

small sac

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2
Q

alveolar

A

Pertaining to tumor growth in small microscopic sacs (descriptive of connective tissue tumors - sarcomas).

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3
Q

cac/o

A

bad

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4
Q

cachexia

A

General ill health and malnutrition associated with chronic disease such as cancer.

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5
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer, cancerous

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6
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

Localized tumor growth

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7
Q

cauter/o

A

burn, heat

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8
Q

electrocauterization

A

Burning tissue to destroy it (using electricity).

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9
Q

chem/o

A

chemical, drug

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10
Q

chemotherapy

A

Treatment using drugs.

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11
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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12
Q

cryosurgery

A

Destruction of tissue using cold temperatures.

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13
Q

cyst/o

A

sac of fluid

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14
Q

cystic tumor

A

Tumor forms with large open spaces filled with fluid.

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15
Q

fibr/o

A

fibers

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16
Q

fibrosarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of fiber-producing cells (flesh or connective tissue origin).

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17
Q

follicul/o

A

small glandular sacs

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18
Q

follicular

A

Pertaining to microscopic description of tumor growth in small gland-type sacs.

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19
Q

fung/i

A

fungus, mushroom

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20
Q

fungating tumor

A

Mushrooming pattern of growth in which tumor cells pile one on top of another and project from the tissue surface.

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21
Q

medull/o

A

soft, inner part

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22
Q

medullary tumor

A

Large, soft, fleshy tumor.

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23
Q

mucos/o

A

mucous membrane

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24
Q

mucositis

A

Inflammation of mucous membranes.

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25
Q

mut/a

A

genetic change

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26
Q

mutation

A

Change in the genetic material of a cell (-tion means process).

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27
Q

mutagen/o

A

causing genetic change

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28
Q

mutagenic

A

Pertaining to producing mutation.

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29
Q

necr/o

A

death

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30
Q

necrotic tumor

A

Tumor containing dead cells.

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31
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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32
Q

neurofibromatosis

A

Tumors of fibrous connective tissue surrounding nerve cells (neurofibromas). This is a genetic disorder.

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33
Q

onc/o

A

tumor

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34
Q

oncology

A

Study of tumors.

35
Q

papill/o

A

nipple-like

36
Q

papillary

A

Pertaining to tumors that grow in small nipple-like or finger-like pattern.

37
Q

plas/o

A

formation

38
Q

dysplastic

A

Pertaining to abnormal growth of cells but not clearly cancerous.

39
Q

ple/o

A

many, more

40
Q

pleomorphic

A

Pertaining to tumors that contain a variety of cell types.

41
Q

polyp/o

A

polyp

42
Q

polypoid tumor

A

Tumors that grow as projections extending outward from a base.

43
Q

prot/o

A

first

44
Q

protocol

A

Detailed plan for treatment of illness.

45
Q

radi/o

A

rays

46
Q

radiation

A

Use of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.

47
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh, connective tissue

48
Q

osteosarcoma

A

Malignant tumor (flesh tissue) of bone.

49
Q

scirrh/o

A

hard

50
Q

scirrhous

A

Pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue.

51
Q

xer/o

A

dry

52
Q

xerostomia

A

Condition of dry mouth.

53
Q

-blastoma

A

immature tumor

54
Q

retinoblastoma

A

Tumor of the retina of the eye (embryonic cells); congenital and hereditary tumor.

55
Q

neuroblastoma

A

Cancerous tumor of embryonic nervous tissue; a sarcoma composed of neuroblasts and affecting infants and children up to 10 years of age. The tumor usually arises in the autonomic nervous system.

56
Q

-genesis

A

formation

57
Q

angiogenesis

A

Formation of blood vessels.

58
Q

-oma

A

mass, tumor

59
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue.

60
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

61
Q

hyperplasia

A

Condition of increased growth of cells (in numbers).

62
Q

-plasm

A

formation, growth

63
Q

neoplasm

A

New growth (tumor).

64
Q

-suppression

A

to stop

65
Q

myelosuppression

A

Stopping or inhibiting the growth of bone marrow tissue. This means that blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets), normally formed in bone marrow, are not produced.

66
Q

-therapy

A

treatment

67
Q

radiotherapy

A

Ionizing radiation used to treat malignancies.

68
Q

-gen

A

substance that produces

69
Q

ana-

A

backward

70
Q

anaplasia

A

Reversion of cells to a more embryonic type (as happens in malignancy).

71
Q

apo-

A

off, away

72
Q

apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death.

73
Q

brachy-

A

short (distance)

74
Q

brachytherapy

A

Implantation of small sealed containers or seeds of radioactive material directly or near tumors.

75
Q

epi-

A

upon

76
Q

epidermoid

A

Resembling epidermal tissue (tumors that arise from aberrant epidermal cells). Aberrant means unusual or abnormal; diverging from the normal type.

77
Q

meta-

A

beyond; change

78
Q

metastasis

A

The spread of a malignant tumor from its original location to a distant site.

79
Q

metaplasia

A

Abnormal transformation of adult differentiated cells to differentiated tissue of another kind.

80
Q

tele-

A

far

81
Q

teletherapy or external beam radiotherapy

A

Radiation therapy using high-energy beams from a distant (tele-) source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron (proton therapy).

82
Q

ipsi-

A

same

83
Q

later/o

A

side

Medical Terminology, LOM (88 decks)

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