Chap 19, Terminology Flashcards
alveol/o
small sac
alveolar
Pertaining to tumor growth in small microscopic sacs (descriptive of connective tissue tumors - sarcomas).
cac/o
bad
cachexia
General ill health and malnutrition associated with chronic disease such as cancer.
carcin/o
cancer, cancerous
carcinoma in situ
Localized tumor growth
cauter/o
burn, heat
electrocauterization
Burning tissue to destroy it (using electricity).
chem/o
chemical, drug
chemotherapy
Treatment using drugs.
cry/o
cold
cryosurgery
Destruction of tissue using cold temperatures.
cyst/o
sac of fluid
cystic tumor
Tumor forms with large open spaces filled with fluid.
fibr/o
fibers
fibrosarcoma
Malignant tumor of fiber-producing cells (flesh or connective tissue origin).
follicul/o
small glandular sacs
follicular
Pertaining to microscopic description of tumor growth in small gland-type sacs.
fung/i
fungus, mushroom
fungating tumor
Mushrooming pattern of growth in which tumor cells pile one on top of another and project from the tissue surface.
medull/o
soft, inner part
medullary tumor
Large, soft, fleshy tumor.
mucos/o
mucous membrane
mucositis
Inflammation of mucous membranes.
mut/a
genetic change
mutation
Change in the genetic material of a cell (-tion means process).
mutagen/o
causing genetic change
mutagenic
Pertaining to producing mutation.
necr/o
death
necrotic tumor
Tumor containing dead cells.
neur/o
nerve
neurofibromatosis
Tumors of fibrous connective tissue surrounding nerve cells (neurofibromas). This is a genetic disorder.
onc/o
tumor
oncology
Study of tumors.
papill/o
nipple-like
papillary
Pertaining to tumors that grow in small nipple-like or finger-like pattern.
plas/o
formation
dysplastic
Pertaining to abnormal growth of cells but not clearly cancerous.
ple/o
many, more
pleomorphic
Pertaining to tumors that contain a variety of cell types.
polyp/o
polyp
polypoid tumor
Tumors that grow as projections extending outward from a base.
prot/o
first
protocol
Detailed plan for treatment of illness.
radi/o
rays
radiation
Use of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
sarc/o
flesh, connective tissue
osteosarcoma
Malignant tumor (flesh tissue) of bone.
scirrh/o
hard
scirrhous
Pertaining to hard, densely packed tumors, overgrown with fibrous tissue.
xer/o
dry
xerostomia
Condition of dry mouth.
-blastoma
immature tumor
retinoblastoma
Tumor of the retina of the eye (embryonic cells); congenital and hereditary tumor.
neuroblastoma
Cancerous tumor of embryonic nervous tissue; a sarcoma composed of neuroblasts and affecting infants and children up to 10 years of age. The tumor usually arises in the autonomic nervous system.
-genesis
formation
angiogenesis
Formation of blood vessels.
-oma
mass, tumor
adenocarcinoma
Cancerous tumor of glandular tissue.
-plasia
formation, growth
hyperplasia
Condition of increased growth of cells (in numbers).
-plasm
formation, growth
neoplasm
New growth (tumor).
-suppression
to stop
myelosuppression
Stopping or inhibiting the growth of bone marrow tissue. This means that blood cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets), normally formed in bone marrow, are not produced.
-therapy
treatment
radiotherapy
Ionizing radiation used to treat malignancies.
-gen
substance that produces
ana-
backward
anaplasia
Reversion of cells to a more embryonic type (as happens in malignancy).
apo-
off, away
apoptosis
Programmed cell death.
brachy-
short (distance)
brachytherapy
Implantation of small sealed containers or seeds of radioactive material directly or near tumors.
epi-
upon
epidermoid
Resembling epidermal tissue (tumors that arise from aberrant epidermal cells). Aberrant means unusual or abnormal; diverging from the normal type.
meta-
beyond; change
metastasis
The spread of a malignant tumor from its original location to a distant site.
metaplasia
Abnormal transformation of adult differentiated cells to differentiated tissue of another kind.
tele-
far
teletherapy or external beam radiotherapy
Radiation therapy using high-energy beams from a distant (tele-) source, such as a linear accelerator or cyclotron (proton therapy).
ipsi-
same
later/o
side
