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A And P 1 > ch 7 - axial skeleton study guide > Flashcards

ch 7 - axial skeleton study guide Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones make up the Axial skeleton?

A

80

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2
Q

How many bones make up the skull?

A

8

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3
Q

Classify the 6 different types of bones in the body.

A

Flat
Long
Short
Irregular
Sesamoid
Sutural

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4
Q

fissure

A

narrow open slit in a bone

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5
Q

foramen

A

a hole or opening in a bone that allows the passage of structures from one region to another

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6
Q

fossa

A

a shallow depression

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7
Q

sulcus

A

a groove or furrow

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8
Q

meatus

A

tube like passage or canal in a structure

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9
Q

condyle

A

ROUNDED prominence on a bone

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10
Q

coronoid

A

POINTED prominence on a bone

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11
Q

facet

A

a small, flat articular surface

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12
Q

head

A

rounded articular end of an epiphysis, supported by neck

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13
Q

crest

A

a raised, thickened prominent ridge on a bone that provides surface for attachment

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14
Q

epiconcyle

A

a rounded bony projection above a condyle

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15
Q

spinous process

A

sharp, slender projection of the posterior of each vertebra

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16
Q

trochanter

A

a large, rough projection found on the femur

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17
Q

tubercle

A

small rounded projection found on bones

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18
Q

tuberosity

A

large, roughened, bumpy surface

19
Q

list the 8 cranial bones

A
  • Frontal bone
  • Parietal bones (2)
  • Temporal bones (2)
  • Sphenoid
  • Ethmoid
  • Occipital
20
Q

list the 14 facial bones

A
  • Maxillae (2)
  • Zygomatic bones (2)
  • Nasal bones (2)
  • Lacrimal bones (2)
  • Inferior Nasal Concha (2)
  • Palatine bones (2)
  • Mandible
  • Vomer
21
Q
A
21
Q

coronal suture

A

connects the frontal bone and the parietal bones

22
Q

sagittal suture

A

connects the parietal bones

23
Q

lambdoid suture

A

connects the parietal bones and the occipital bones

24
Q

squamos suture

A

connects the temporal bones and the parietal bones

25
Q

what are fontanels

A

large areas of fibrous connective tissue that connect unfused bones of the infant skull

26
Q

how many fontanels are there

A

really 6, but we focus on 4

27
Q

what are the 4 fontanelles?

A

posterior
anterior
mastoid
sphenoidal (anterolateral)

28
Q

posterior fontanelle

A

at the junction between the lambdoid and sagittal sutures
- fuses by 6 months to 1 year

29
Q

anterior fontanelle

A

soft spot, at the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures
- fuses in 18 months

30
Q

Mastoid/posterolateral fontanelles

A

at the junction of the squamous and lambdoid sutures
- fuses by 4-6 months

31
Q

sphenoidal (anterolateral) fontanel

A

at the junction of the squamous and coronal sutures
1st to fuse

32
Q

paranasal sinuses

A

air-filled chambers connected to the nasal cavities

33
Q

what are the 4 paranasal sinuses

A

frontal sinus
ethmoidal cells
sphenoidal sinuses
axillary sinuses

34
Q

atlas

A

1st vertebra (C1)
- no body
- no spinous processes
- articulates with the occipital bone

35
Q

axis

A

2nd vertebra (C2)
- has a dens/odontoid process

36
Q

cervical vertebra characteristics

A
  • Bifid (2) spinous process
  • Transverse foramen
37
Q

thoracic vertebra characteristic

A

The spinous process points downwards, has costal facets

38
Q

lumbar vertebra characteristics

A

The spinous process points straight backward, largest in size

39
Q

which vertebra is called atlas and which is called axis

A
  • Atlas: C1
  • Axis: C2
40
Q

how many bones make the thoracic cage

A

25 - the sternum and the ribs

41
Q

What are the different parts of sternum? (3)

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

42
Q

What are the differences between the true rib and the false rib?

A
  • True ribs: ribs 1-7, The first seven ribs attach to the sternum in the front

-False ribs: ribs 8-12, The lower 8, 9, 10 paired ribs do not directly connect to the sternum

A And P 1 (39 decks)

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