10.8 - 10.10 Flashcards

1
Q

factors of muscle performance

A

force and endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

types of skeletal muscle fibers

A

fast, slow, and intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

force

A

the maximum amount of tension produced by a particular muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

endurance

A

the amount of time an activity can be sustained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fast fibers

A
  • majority of skeletal muscle fibers
    – contract quickly, produce strong contractions but fatigue quickly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

white muscles

A

muscles dominated by fast fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

slow fibers

A

slower to contract, small diameter, less force but more endurance
- contains myoglobin: red pigment that binds oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

red muscles

A

muscles dominated by slow fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

intermediate fibers

A

mid sized, slower to fatigue than fast fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

muscle hypertrophy

A

muscle growth from heavy training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

muscle atrophy

A

reduction of muscle size, tone, and power due to lack of activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

changes in muscle tissue as we age

A

fibers become smaller in diameter
muscles become less elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fibrosis

A

increase in fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

muscle fatigue

A

when muscles can no longer perform at a required level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

anaerobic endurance

A

length of time muscle contraction can be supported by stored ATP, CP, and ATP produced by glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

aerobic endurance

A

length of time muscle contraction can be supported by atp produced by mitochondria

14
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

found only in heart

15
Q

cardiac muscle cells

A

small, branched, striated cells with a single nucleus

16
Q

intercalated discs

A

specialized connections that join the sarcolemmas of adjacent cardiac muscle cells by gap junctions and desmosomes

17
Q

functional characteristics of cardiac muscle

A

automaticity

18
Q

automaticity

A

able to contract without neural stimulation

19
Q

pacemaker cells

A

generate the electrical signals that initiate contraction

20
Q

smooth muscle tissue

A

found around other tissues and internal organs

21
Q

structural characteristics of smooth muscle

A

-long, slender, spindle shaped cells
- no T tubukes, myofibrils or sacromeres (nonstriated muscle)
- thin filaments attached to dense bodies

22
functional characteristics of smooth muscle tissue
excitation length control of contractions smooth muscle tone
23
excitation
contraction coupling
24
plasticity
the ability to function over a wide range of lengths
25
smooth muscle cells are either
multiunit or visceral
26
multiunit smooth muscle cells
innervated in motor units
27
visceral smooth muscle cells
forms sheets or layers in the walls of visceral organs