ch 1 - intro to human body

Question 1

human anatomy

Answer 1

study of the structure of the human body

Question 2

what are the 2 major types of anatomy?

Answer 2

gross and microscopic anatomy

Question 3

gross anatomy

Answer 3

examining large structures that can be seen without magnification

Question 4

what are 5 types of gross anatomy? (PRESS)

Answer 4

• pathological
• regional
• embryology
• surface
• systemic

Question 5

pathological anatomy (gross)

Answer 5

anatomical changes during illness

Question 6

embryology (gross)

Answer 6

study of early developmental processes

Question 7

regional anatomy (gross)

Answer 7

anatomical organization of specific areas of the body

Question 8

surface anatomy (gross)

Answer 8

the study of the general form of the body’s surface

Question 9

systemic anatomy (gross)

Answer 9

study of the structure of organ systems

Question 10

microscopic anatomy

Answer 10

structures we can’t see without magnification

Question 11

cytology (microscopic)

Answer 11

study of cells

Question 12

histology (microscopic)

Answer 12

study of the structure of tissues

Question 13

human physiology

Answer 13

study of the FUNCTION of the human body

Question 14

pathological physiology

Answer 14

study of the effects of diseases on organ functions or organ systems

Question 15

what are the 6 levels of organization ?

Answer 15

atoms
cells
tissues
organ
organ system
organism

Question 16

atom

Answer 16

smallest stable unit of matter

Question 17

cells

Answer 17

smallest living units in the body

Question 18

tissue

Answer 18

group of cells working together to perform specific functions

Question 19

organ

Answer 19

2 or more tissues working together to perform specific functions

Question 20

organ system

Answer 20

group of organs interacting for a particular function

Question 21

organism

Answer 21

an individual life form

Question 22

surface anatomy

Answer 22

locating structures on or near the body surface

Question 23

anatomical position

Answer 23

hands at sides, palms facing forward, and feet together

Question 24

what are the 2 anatomical regions?

Answer 24

abdominopelvic quadrants and abdominopelvic regions

Question 25

abdominopelvic quadrants

Answer 25

right and upper left quadrant, right and lower left quadrant

Question 26

abdominopelvic regions

Answer 26

divides the abdominopelvic regions into 9 regions

Question 27

what are the 9 abdominopelvic regions?

Answer 27

right hypochondriac region epigastric region left hypochondriac region right lumbar region umbilical region left lumbar region right inguinal region hypogastric region left inguinal region

Question 28

anterior/ventral

Answer 28

front of the body

Question 29

posterior

Answer 29

towards the back/back of the body

Question 30

lateral

Answer 30

away from the midline

Question 31

medial

Answer 31

toward the midline

Question 32

proximal

Answer 32

close to the point of origin

Question 33

distal

Answer 33

far from the point of origin

Question 34

superficial/external

Answer 34

toward the body surface

Question 35

deep/internal

Answer 35

toward the interior of the body, away from the surface

Question 36

sagittal plane

Answer 36

vertical plane that divides the body into LEFT and RIGHT portions

Question 37

frontal plane

Answer 37

vertical plane that divides the body into ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR positions

Question 38

transverse plane

Answer 38

divides the body into SUPERIOR and INFERIOR portions

Question 39

body cavities

Answer 39

closed, fluid-filled and lined by a thin tissue layer called a serous membrane

Question 40

what are the 2 ANTERIOR major cavities?

Answer 40

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

Question 41

thoracic cavity

Answer 41

cavity in the chest wall that holds heart and lungs

Question 42

what sub cavities are in the thoracic cavity

Answer 42

contains: pleural cavities, pericardial activity, and the mediastinum

Question 43

abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 43

deep to the abdominal and pelvic walls - extends from the diaphragm to the top of the pelvic bones contains digestive organs: liver, stomach, spleen, small intestine

Question 44

what subcavities are in abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 44

abdominal cavity pelvic cavity peritoneal cavity

Question 45

homeostasis

Answer 45

physiological process that establish a relatively stable internal environment

Question 46

mechanisms of homeostasis

Answer 46

autoregulation: the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis through automatic, self-regulating processes, extrinsic regulation: the body's ability to maintain homeostasis through the use of external control systems, such as the nervous system or the endocrine system

Question 47

homeostasis consists of (3)

Answer 47

receptor, control center, effector

Question 48

receptor

Answer 48

sensor that detects the stimulus or change

Question 49

control center

Answer 49

receives, processes the information, and sends out commands

Question 50

effector

Answer 50

a cell organ that comes out the commands of the control center

Question 51

What are the 2 major DORSAL cavities?

Answer 51

Cranial and vertebral cavity

Question 52

What organs are in the right hypochondriac region?

Answer 52

Liver and gallbladder

Question 53

What organs are in the epigastric region?

Answer 53

Stomach

Question 54

What organ is in the left hypochondriac region?

Answer 54

Diaphragm, spleen

Question 55

What organs are in the right lumbar region?

Answer 55

Ascending colon of large intestine

Question 56

What organs are in the umbilical region?

Answer 56

Small intestine, transverse colon of large intestine

Question 57

What organs are in the left lumbar region

Answer 57

Descending colon of large intestine

Question 58

What organs are in the right inguinal region?

Answer 58

Cecum, appendix

Question 59

What organs are in the hypochondria region?

Answer 59

Urinary bladder

Question 60

What organs are in the left inguinal region?

Answer 60

Initial part of sigmoid colon

Question 61

pelvic cavity

Answer 61

the inferior subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity; encloses the urinary bladder, the sigmoid colon and rectum, and reproductive organs.

Question 62

What Organs are in the right upper quadrant

Answer 62

Liver Stomach Gallbladder Pancreas

Question 63

What organs are in the left upper quadrant?

Answer 63

Pancreas Stomach

Question 64

What organs are in the left upper quadrant?

Answer 64

Pancreas Stomach

Question 65

What organs are in the right lower quadrant

Answer 65

Colon Cecum Appendix