ch 16 - autonomic nervous system

Question 1

autonomic nervous sytem

Answer 1

Involuntary control of visceral effectors such as smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle, adipocytes

Question 2

visceral motor neurons of ans

Answer 2

-preganglionic neurons
- postganglionic neurons

Question 3

preganglionic neurons

Answer 3

Cell bodies in brainstem and spinal cord
- short in the sns, long in the psns

Question 4

postganglionic neurons

Answer 4

Cell bodies in autonomic ganglia
- long in the sns, short in the psns

Question 5

sympathetic division

Answer 5

fight or flight response

Question 6

parasympathetic division

Answer 6

rest and digest

Question 7

Thoracolumbar division

Answer 7

cell bodies of preganglionic neurons are in the lateral horns of the thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord

Question 8

preganglionic fibers

Answer 8

• short
• synapse w/ many postganglionic neurons
• release ACh

Question 9

types of ganglia

Answer 9

sympathetic chanin ganglia
collateral ganglia
adrenal medullae

Question 10

sympathetic chain ganglia

Answer 10

lie on each side of the vertebral column and control effects in thoracic cavity, head, neck, and limbs

Question 11

collateral ganglia

Answer 11

anterior to vertebral column and innervate abdominopelvic tissues

Question 12

celiac ganglia

Answer 12

a pair of interconnected masses of gray matter located at the base of that artery

Question 13

superior mesenteric ganglion

Answer 13

near the base of the superior mesenteric artery, which provides blood to the stomach

Question 14

inferior mesenteric ganglion

Answer 14

near the base of the inferior mesenteric artery,

Question 15

adrenal medulla

Answer 15

modified sympathetic ganglion at the center of each adrenal gland

Question 16

sympathetic activation

Answer 16

entire sympathetic division responds during a crisis

Question 17

sympathetic preganglionic neurons releases

Answer 17

ACh
- these synapses are called cholinergic and are always excitatory

Question 18

cholinergic vs adgrenergic

Answer 18

A: part of sympathetic nervous system

C: part of parasympathetic nervous system

Question 19

varicosities

Answer 19

postganglionic neurons that branch into telodendria with segments that store neurotransmitters

Question 20

most postganglionic neurons release

Answer 20

norepinephrine (NE)

Question 21

adrenergic receptors

Answer 21

membrane G-protein coupled receptors that bind to NE and epinephrine

Question 22

classes of adrenergic reactors

Answer 22

alpha (more sensitive to NE) and beta receptors

Question 23

types of alpha receptors

Answer 23

alpha 1: more common, found in smooth muscle, has excitatory effect

alpha 2: has inhibitory effect, coordinates activities of the ANS

Question 24

beta receptors

Answer 24

stimulation increases intracellular cAMP levels and triggers changes in metabolic activity

Question 25

types of beta receptors

Answer 25

beta 1
beta 2
beta 3

Question 26

beta 1 receptors

Answer 26

increase in metabolic activity in heart and muscles

Question 27

beta 2 receptors

Answer 27

stimulation triggers relaxation of smooth muscles along respiratory tract

Question 28

beta 3 receptors

Answer 28

stimulation leads to lipolysis, the breakdown of triglycerides in adipocytes

Question 29

most sympathetic synapses at target organs are

Answer 29

adrenergic

Question 30

craniosacral division of PSD (parasympathtic division)

Answer 30

cell bodies of preganglionic neurons are in the brainstem and lateral horns of the sacral segments of the spinal cord

Question 31

terminal ganglion

Answer 31

near the target organ, usually paired

Question 32

intramural ganglion

Answer 32

embedded in the tissues of the target organ

Question 33

all parasympathetic neurons relase

Answer 33

ACh

Question 34

cholinergic receptors

Answer 34

receptors for ACh in PSNS

Question 35

types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 35

nicotinic receptors
muscarinic receptors

Question 36

nicotinic receptors

Answer 36

parasympathetic receptor is found on ganglionic neurons and causes excitation

Question 37

suprarenal medulla

Answer 37

endocrine gland that is innervated by the sympathetic division and is a modified sympathetic ganglion

Question 38

whats located in the parasympathetic division

Answer 38

Long preganglionic fiber
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Pelvic nerves
Ganglia within target tissue

Question 39

whats located in the sympathetic division?

Answer 39

Chain ganglia
Long postganglionic fiber
Thoracolumbar origins
Short preganglionic fiber