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A And P 1 > ch 15 - sensory pathways and somatic nervous system > Flashcards

ch 15 - sensory pathways and somatic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

sensory pathway

A

series of neurons that relay sensory info from sensory receptors to CNS

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2
Q

afferent division

A

sensory info to the cns

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3
Q

efferent division

A

motor info to effectors

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4
Q

sensation

A

sensory info arriving in the cns

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5
Q

perception

A

conscious awareness of a sensation

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6
Q

transduction

A

conversion of an arriving stimulus into an action potential

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7
Q

general senses

A

temperature
pain
touch
pressure
vibration
proprioception

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8
Q

special senses

A

smell
taste (gustation)
sight
balance
hearing

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9
Q

receptor specificity

A

each receptor has a characteristic sensitivity

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10
Q

receptive field

A

area monitored by a single receptor cell

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11
Q

receptor potential

A

stimulus changes the receptor membrane potential

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12
Q

labeled line

A

sensory neurons that link specific peripheral receptors to specific cortical neurons

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13
Q

tonic receptors

A

always active

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14
Q

phasic receptors

A

normally inactive and get activated by a stimulus
- provide info about the intensity and rate of change of a stimulus

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15
Q

adaptation

A

decrease of receptor sensitivity in the presence of a constant stimulus

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16
Q

fast adapting receptors

A

respond strongly at first but then activity decreases

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17
Q

slow adapting receptors

A

show little peripheral adaptation

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18
Q

exteroceptors

A

provide info about the external environment

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19
Q

proprioceptors

A

provide info about the position of skeletal muscles and joints

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20
Q

interoceptors

A

provide info about visceral organs and functions

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21
Q

nociceptors

A

detect pain

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22
Q

types of pain

A

fast: prickling pain caused by injection or deep cut

slow: burning and aching pain

23
Q

referred pain

A

pain felt in an uninjured part of the body rather than the injured part

24
Q

thermoreceptors

A

detect temperature

25
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

detect physical distortion such as touch

26
Q

classes of mechanoreceptors

A

tactile receptors
baroreceptors
proprioceptors

27
Q

chemoreceptors

A

detect chemical concentration

28
Q

tactile receptors

A

detect touch, pressure and vibration

29
Q

types of tactile receptors

A

free nerve endings
root hair plexus
tactile discs
bulbous and lamellar corpuscles

30
Q

baroreceptors

A

detect pressure changes in blood vessels and in portions of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts

31
Q

proprioceptors

A

monitor the position of joints and skeletal muscles

32
Q

types of proprioceptors

A

muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
receptors in joint capsules

33
Q

first order neuron

A

delivers sensations from the periphery to the CNS

34
Q

second order neuron

A

interneuron in the spinal cord or brainstem

35
Q

third order neuron

A

neuron in the thalamus

36
Q

somatic sensory pathway

A

carries sensory info from skin and muscles to the CNS

37
Q

spinothalamic pathway

A

carries sensations of crude touch, pressure, pain and temp

38
Q

posterior column pathway

A

carries sensations of fine touch, vibration, pressure, and proprioception

39
Q

sensory homunculus

A

functional map of the primary somatosensory cortex

40
Q

spinocerebellar pathway

A

carries info about the positions of muscles, tendons, and joints
- responsible for proprioception

41
Q

visceral sensory pathways

A

info is collected by interoceptors monitoring the visceral tissues and organs within thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

42
Q

somatic nervous system

A

controls skeletal muscles

43
Q

corticospinal pathway

A

provides voluntary control over skeletal muscles

44
Q

motor homunculus

A

functional map of the primary motor cortex

45
Q

basal nuclei

A

provide background patterns of movement involved in voluntary motor activities

46
Q

decussation

A

the crossing of an axon from the left side to the right side or from the right side to the left side?

47
Q

medial pathway

A

responsible for subconscious regulation of muscle tone and reflex activity in the neck, trunk, and proximal limbs?

48
Q

motor homunculus

A

a functional map of the neurons in the cerebral cortex that control skeletal muscles

49
Q

visceral vs somatic pathways

A

visceral: Receptors are located in the internal organs

somatic: Receptors are located in the skin, muscles, bones, and joints, and transmit information about the five senses

50
Q

The primary sensory cortex of the cerebral hemispheres or areas of the cerebellar hemispheres receives

A

somatic sensory info

51
Q

Visceral sensory information is distributed primarily to reflex centers in the

A

brain stem + diencephalon

53
Q

What are the 5 pathways

A

Somatic sensory
Spinothalamic
Posterior column
Spinocerebellar
Visceral sensory

A And P 1 (41 decks)

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