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A And P 1 > ch 10 - lecture review > Flashcards

ch 10 - lecture review Flashcards

1
Q

epimysium

A

layer of collagen fibers that surrounds entire muscle and separates it from surrounding to tissues

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2
Q

perimysium

A

surrounds fascicles

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3
Q

endomysium

A

surrounds individual muscle cells

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4
Q

what is the organization of a muscle tissue

A

Myofilament
Myofibril
Muscle fiber
Fasicle
Muscle tissue

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5
Q

myofilament

A

bundles of contractile protein filaments

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6
Q

myofibril

A

collections of myofilaments that are responsible for muscle contraction

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7
Q

muscle fiber

A

muscle cell

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8
Q

fascicle

A

bundle of muscle fiber

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9
Q

muscle tissue

A
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10
Q

2 types of myofilament

A

actin (thin) and myosin (thick)

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11
Q

sarcolemma

A

plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

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12
Q

sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

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13
Q

transverse tubules (t-tubules)

A

narrow tubes continuous with the sarcolemma, which extend from the surface of the muscle fiber deep into the sarcoplasm

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14
Q

sarcomere

A

repeating structural and functional units of a myofibril

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15
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

tubular network similar to smooth ER that surrounds each myofibril and forms terminal cisternae

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16
Q

terminal cisternae

A

store calcium and attach to T tubules

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17
Q

triad

A

2 cisternae plus a T tubule

18
Q

A bands

A

dark bands, which run the length of the thick filaments

19
Q

subdivisions of A band

A

M line
H band
zone of overlap

20
Q

M line

A

vertical line in center of A band; contains proteins that stabilize the position of the thick filaments

21
Q

H band

A

made only of thick filaments and extends on either side of the M line

22
Q

I band

A

light bands that contain only thin filaments

23
Q

which segments in a sarcomere, shorten during contraction?

A

H and I bands

24
Q

the 4 different types of protein that make up a myofibril.

A

Actin
Myosin
Tropomyosin
troponin

25
Q

Which protein does the myosin head bind to during contraction?

A

actin

26
Q

which ion helps in contraction process

A

calcium

27
Q

sliding filament theory

A

during a contraction, thin filaments slide toward the center of the sarcomere (M line) alongside the thick filaments

28
Q

Excitation- Contraction coupling?

A

the link between the generation of an action potential in the sarcolemma and the start of muscle contraction

29
Q

neuromuscular junction

A

the synapse between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber

30
Q

parts of nmj

A

axon terminal: expanded end of the axons of the motor neuron

motor end plate: folded membrane of the skeletal muscle fiber at the NMJ

synaptic cleft: space between the axon terminal and motor end plate

31
Q

motor unit

A

a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it controls

32
Q

thin filament contain

A
  • filamentous actin (f-actin)
  • nebulin
  • tropomyosin
  • troponin
33
Q

filamentous actin (f-actin)

A

twisted strand composed of 2 rows of G-actin molecules

34
Q

active sites on G-actin bind to

A

myosin

35
Q

nebulin

A

holds the F actin strands together

36
Q

tropomyosin

A

covers the active sites on G-actin and prevents actin-myosin interaction

37
Q

troponin

A

globular protein that holds tropomyosin in place and binds to calcium ions

38
Q

contraction steps (6)

A
  1. brain stimulates muscle contraction + releases action potential
  2. terminal cisternae releases Ca to bind to troponin
  3. troponin becomes flat when Ca binds
  4. tropomyosin slips off which exposes active sites on G-actin
  5. myosin heads binds to exposed active sites
  6. power stroke/musclencontracts
39
Q

Tendon

A

Bone to muscle

40
Q

aponeurosis

A

blending of epi, peri, and endomysium that forms a broad sheet at the end of a muscle

41
Q

thin filament consists of

A

pair of F actin molecules twisted together

A And P 1 (37 decks)

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