ch 7 - axial skeleton Flashcards
axial skeleton
forms longitudinal axis of the body…includes the bones of the head and the trunk
how many bones in axial skeleton
80 bones
what are the 80 bones of the axial skeleton
8 cranial bones
14 facial bones
6 auditory ossicles and 1 hyoid
24 ribs and the sternum
24 vertebrae, sacrum and coccyx
how many bones does the skull have
22 total
- 8 cranial
- 14 facial
joints or articulations
connects 2 or more bones
This passageway connects the nasal cavity and the orbit
lacrimal canal
- lacrimal canal is responsible for draining tears from the eye into nasal cavity
what are the 8 cranial bones
frontal
2 parietal
2 temporal
sphenoid
ethmoid
occipital
what are the 5 parts of the temporal bone
- squamous (outside) + petrous (inside) part
- zygomatic process of temporal bone
- mastoid process
- styloid process
- external auditory meatus
what are the 4 parts of the sphenoid bone
- greater wing
- lesser wing
- pterygoid plate (medial and lateral)
- sella turcica
what are the 3 parts of the ethmoid bone
- crista galli
- cribriform plate
- perpendicular plate
what are the 2 parts of the occipital bone
- occipital condyles
- foramen magnum
what are the 7 parts of the mandible
- body of the mandible
- ramus of the mandible
- coronoid process
- condylar process
- mandibular notch
- alveolar processes
- angle of the mandible
what are the 6 foramen in the front of the face
- supra orbital foramen
- optic canal
- superior orbital fissure
- inferior orbital fissure
- infra orbital foramen
- mental foramen
what are the first 8 foramen of the cranial fossa
what are the last 4 foramen of the cranial fossa
- foramen magnum
- hypoglossal canal
- jugular foramen
- auditory meatus
4 sutures of the skull
coronal
sagittal
lambdoid
squamous
what are the curves of the vertebral column in order
- cervical curve
- thoracic curve
- lumbar curve
- sacral curve
how many cervical vertebrae
7
how many thoracic vertebrae
12
how many lumbar vertebrae
5
what are the primary curves and why
thoracic and sacral bc they are present during fetal development
what are secondary curves and why
cervical and lumbar bc they develop after birth
true ribs
ribs 1-7, connect to the sternum by costal cartilages
false ribs
ribs 8-10 do not attach directly to the sternum
vertebrochondrial ribs
ribs 8-10
aka false ribs
floating or vertebral ribs
ribs 11-12, have no connection to the sternum
The bones that make up the eye socket, or orbit, include the
lacrimal, ethmoid, and sphenoid
The lines, tubercles, crests, ridges, and other processes on the bones represent areas that are used primarily for
attachment of muscles to bones
The superior and middle nasal conchae can be found as a part of which bone?
ethmoid
the cribiform plate belongs to what bone
ethmoid
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
kyphosis
excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic vertebral column
lordosis
sway back due to anterior exaggeration of the lumbar curvature
The skull articulates with the vertebral column at
the occipital condyles
