Ch. 5 Humerus and Shoulder Girdle Flashcards
largest and longest bone of the upper limb
humerus
how much of the adult body height is about the length of the adult’s humerus
1/5
most proximal part of the humerus is the
head of the humerus
slightly constricted area directly below and lateral to the head of the humerus
anatomic neck
the process directly below the anatomic neck and on the anterior surface of the humerus
lesser tubercle
larger, lateral process on the humerus
greater tubercle
the deep groove located between the two tubercles on the humerus
intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
tapered area below the head and tubercles of the humerus
surgical neck
distal to the surgical neck of the humerus
body (shaft)
roughened raised triangular elevation along the anterolateral surface of the body of the humerus
deltoid tuberosity
a neutral position of the arm places the humerus in what position
oblique position
what position puts the humerus in an AP position
external rotation, hand supinated, condyles parallel to IR
what position puts the humerus in a true lateral position
internal rotation, hand pronated, condyles perp to IR
what position puts the lesser tubercle in profile
internal rotation, lateral projection
what position puts the greater tubercle in profile
external rotation, AP projection
what bones make up the shoulder girdle
clavicle and scapula
special projection of should that best demonstrates the acromiohumeral space for possible subacromial spurs, which create shoulder impingement syndromes
- neer method
- apical AP axial projection
what type of kVp range for a single contrast study
100-120 kVp
what is CR for scapular/shoulder Y
scapulohumeral joint (2” below AC joint)
where is CR location for AP scapula projection
2” inferior to coracoid (axilla level) and 2” medial from transverse border
which projection of the shoulder puts the glenoid process in profile on the image produced
anterior oblique (grashey method)
to best demonstrate a possible Hill-sachs defect what additional positioning technique can be added to the inferosuperior axial (lawrence method) projection
rotate affected arm externally 45 degrees
where is CR for AP scapula
2” inferior to coracoid process (axilla level) and 2” medial from lateral border
how much CR angle would a hypersthenic patient need for an AP axial clavicle projection
15 degrees cephalad
an AP acial projection of the clavicle is angle how
15-30 degrees cephalad
how do you position a patient for an AP scapula
bend arm up and back of hand to forehead
where is CR for an AP projection of the shoulder
1” inferior to coracoid process
what is the anterior surface of the scapula called
costal surface
what is an excellent modality for demonstrating bony injuries and extent of fractures
computed tomography (CT)
large concavity/depression in the middle of the anterior surface of the scapula
subscapular fossa
if patient is unable to elevate uninjured arm and shoulder sufficiently for a transthoracic what may you do with your tube
angle 10-15 degrees cephalad
what two landmarks are placed perp to the IR for the scapular Y lateral projection
- superior angle of scapula
- AC joint articulation
if a patient is supine for a grashey how do you position them
rotate them 60 degrees
where is CR for AP shoulder trauma
scapulohumeral joint (3/4” inferior and slightly lateral to coracoid)
what two muscles attach to the greater tubercle on the humerus
- pectoralis major
- supraspinatus muscles
where is CR for AP shoulder
1” inferior to coracoid process (2” inferior to AC joint)
where is CR for a grashey
scapulohumeral joint (2” inferior and 2” medial from superolateral shoulder border)
what device permits good visualization of soft-tissue and bony anatomy for adults shoulders
boomerang compensating filter
what projection is best for showing possible dislocation of the proximal humerus
shoulder Y projection