Ch. 15 Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography Terminology

Question 1

What does ACL stand for

Answer 1

anterior cruciate ligament

Question 2

stiffening of a joint by operative means

Answer 2

arthrodesis

Question 3

any disease that affects a joint

Answer 3

arthropathy

Question 4

creation of an artificial joint to correct ankylosis

Answer 4

arthroplasty

Question 5

a state of sterility; condition in which living pathogens are absent

Answer 5

asepsis

Question 6

orthopedic screw designed to enter and fix porous and spongy bone

Answer 6

cancellous screw

Question 7

large screw used for internal fixation of nondisplaced fractures of proximal femur

Answer 7

cannulated screw

Question 8

an artificial regulator for cardiac rate and rhythm

Answer 8

cardiac pacemaker

Question 9

orthopedic wire that tightens around fracture site to reduce shortening of limb

Answer 9

cerclage wire

Question 10

the use of radioactive cesium in the treatment of certain malignancies, including prostate cancer

Answer 10

cesium implants

Question 11

surgical removal of gallbladder

Answer 11

cholecystectomy

Question 12

procedure in which bone fragments are reduced manually without surgical intervention

Answer 12

closed reduction

Question 13

narrow orthopedic screw designed to enter and fix cortical bone

Answer 13

cortical screw

Question 14

what does CR stand for

Answer 14

closed reduction (cast or traction)

Question 15

lighted tubular endoscope used for examination of the urinary bladder

Answer 15

cystoscope

Question 16

what does DHS stand for

Answer 16

dynamic hip screw

Question 17

screw and plate combination used to apply forces through the fracture site; used commonly for long bone shaft fractures in which stress may be great

Answer 17

dynamic compression plate

Question 18

electrohydraulic shock waves used to break apart calcifications in the urinary system

Answer 18

ESWL - extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Question 19

what does EX-FIX stand for

Answer 19

external fixation

Question 20

a special OR table used for hip pinnings and other orthopedic procedures to provide traction to the involved limb and allow fluoroscopy to be performed during the procedure

Answer 20

fracture (orthopedic) table

Question 21

surgical procedure designed to reduce proximal femoral fractures through the use of various internal fixation devices

Answer 21

hip pinning

Question 22

what does HTO stand for

Answer 22

high tibial osteotomy

Question 23

procedure in which a special external fixator is used to lengthen long bones as treatment for severe fracture or congenital deformity

Answer 23

ilizarov technique

Question 24

what does IM nail stand for

Answer 24

intramedullary nail

Question 25

titanium or other alloy cage filled with bone and inserted between the vertebral bodies to maintain disk space height and permit fusion of the intervertebral joint

Answer 25

interbody bone fusion device

Question 26

a flexible or rigid device placed within the medullary cavity to reduce a fracture or stabilize a diseased long bone

Answer 26

intramedullary rod

Question 27

unthreaded (smooth) or threaded metallic wire used to reduce fractures of the wrist (carpals) and individual bones of the hands and feet; also may be used for skeletal traction

Answer 27

kirschner wire (k-wire)

Question 28

a surgical procedure performed to alleviate pain caused by neural impingement by removing an aspect of the lamina in the vertebral arch

Answer 28

laminectomy

Question 29

surgical opening into one or more laminae of the vertebral arch

Answer 29

laminotomy

Question 30

use of a special endoscopic device to visualize and assist with surgical removal of the gallbladder

Answer 30

laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Question 31

crushing of calcification in the renal pelvis, ureter, or urinary bladder by mechanical force or sound waves

Answer 31

lithotripsy

Question 32

microsurgical procedure performed on the spine to remove bony fragments or disk material that may be causing neural impingment

Answer 32

microdiskectomy

Question 33

a condition in which bony changes or a herniated disk produces impingement of the spinal nerves that pass through the vertebral arch of the vertebra

Answer 33

neural impingement

Question 34

fracture fragments reduces through surgical intervention

Answer 34

open reduction

Question 35

radiographic procedure performed during surgery to visualize and locate undetected stones or obstructions within the biliary ducts

Answer 35

operative (immediate) cholangiography

Question 36

what does ORIF stand for

Answer 36

open reduction with internal fixation

Question 37

what does PCL stand for

Answer 37

posterior cruciate ligament

Question 38

fabricated (artificial) substitute for a diseased or missing anatomic part

Answer 38

prosthesis

Question 39

to align two bone fragments in the correct position as treatment for a fracture, as applied in orthopedic medicine

Answer 39

reduce

Question 40

a nonfunctional examination of the urinary system during which contrast medium is introduced directly retrograde (backward, against the flow) into the pelvicalyceal system via catheterization by a urologist during a minor surgical procedure

Answer 40

retrograde urography

Question 41

flexible and thin orthopedic plate used to fix and connect fractures

Answer 41

semitubular plate

Question 42

an isolation drape that separates the sterile field from the nonsterile environment; often used to permit the use of C-arm fluoroscopy during a hip pinning procedure

Answer 42

shower curtain

Question 43

surgical fusion of one vertebra to another, which stabilizes them following laminectomy or as treatment for a degenerative condition or fracture

Answer 43

spinal fusion

Question 44

condition caused by degenerative changes that result in enlargement of the facet joints, which often leads to impingement of the spinal nerves that pass by them

Answer 44

spinal stenosis

Question 45

soaking of moisture through a sterile or nonsterile drape, cover, or protective barrier, permitting bacteria to reach sterile areas

Answer 45

strike-through

Question 46

what does THR and THA stand for

Answer 46

total hip replacement; total hip appliance

Question 47

what does TKR and TKA stand for

Answer 47

total knee replacement; total knee appliance

Question 48

the use of artificial joint implants to restore motion and function of a joint - for example, total hip replacement is common orthopedic procedure performed on patients with degenerative joint disease (avascular necrosis (AVN) of proximal femur)

Answer 48

total joint arthroplasty

Question 49

the process of putting a limb, bone, or group of muscles under tension with the use of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize the part

Answer 49

traction