Ch. 13 Test Flashcards
The longitudinal muscle fibers of the large bowel form three bands of muscle which tend to pull the large intestine into pouches. Each of these pouches is termed a:
haustrum
The cecum lies in the what quadrant?
RLQ
The surgical resection of two portions of the large intestine after a section is removed is termed what?
colitis
clysodrast
colostomy
none of the above
stoma
none of the above
What is the shortest, widest, and most fixed portion of the small bowel?
duodenum
The terminal ileum joins the cecum at the this point:
ileocecal valve
The right colic flexure of the colon is also referred to as what flexture?
hepatic
The large intestine averages how many feet?
5
The term used to describe a new growth that may be either benign or malignant is called:
neoplasm
What kind of flow is reflux defined as?
backward
What is the name of’ the S-shaped portion of the colon that lies proximal to the rectum?
sigmoid
A twisting of the bowel upon itself, resulting in partial or complete obstruction, is termed:
volvulus
In order from proximal to distal, the three divisions of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Inflammation of the vermiform process is termed:
appendicitis
In an RAO position for a BE, (assume the parts of the colon were all fit on one film ) the: pick those that apply
- left ala is forshortened
- left colic flexure is seen in profile without superimposition
- right ala is elongated
- CR is 2 inches above iliac crest
- right colic flexure is seen in profile without superimposition
-right ala is forshortened
- the rectal ampula and end of alimentary canal is included on image
- left ala is elongated
4-8 selected
A small bowel series is usually concluded when barium:
- none of the above
- passes out of the patient
- passes through the ileosigmoid valve
- passes through the duodenal bulb
- causes the patient to pass out
none of the above
The type of’ obstruction which results when the bowel does not propel its contents forward properly is called:
paralytic and adynamic ileus
A telescoping of one part of the bowel into the next part is termed:
intussusception
Which of the projections below best demonstrates the sigmoid and rectum?
AP axial (butterfly)
The central ray placement and degree of angulation for an inlet projection is what?
- midpoint of the ASIS, 40 degrees cephalic
- midpoint of the pubic symphysis,40 degree caudal
- none of the above
- 1 inch below the midpoint of the ASIS, 40 degree cephalic
- midpoint of the ASIS, 30 degree caudal
- none of the above
none of the above
Which of the projections below would best demonstrate the splenic flexure without superimposition?
RPO
A double contrast barium enema will best demonstrate:
neoplasm
The portion of the small intestine that possesses a relatively smooth and narrow internal structure is:
ileum
A lateral decub rectum is most often taken with the patient in what position?
ventral decubitus
The small intestine is responsible for several functions. What are they?
digestion
absorption
defecation
making flatus
reabsorption
convert proteins to amino acid
- 3, 4, and 6
- 1,2, and 3
- 2,4, and 5
- 1, 4, and 6
- none of the above
none of the above
In what position does air rise to the transverse & sigmoid colon and the distal stomach?
supine
When radiographing a hypersthenic patient for a PA projection of the colon, it may be necessary to
use two overlapping 14x17 cw cassettes
The patient is in a left lateral recumbent position, leaning well forward, with the right leg drawn up, and left leg partially bent. This is the _______ position.
sims
A double contrast study of the small bowel in which contrast media is injected through a special catheter placed in the region of the duodenojejunal junction is called a:
enteroclysis
In order to take a Rt lateral decubitus xray, you are required to have this marker on the film
left marker
As the patient is evacuating the barium, the barium flows through the ________ right after the hepatic flexure.
transverse colon
Barium sulfate usually reaches the ileocecal valve in:
2-3 hours
Most digestion and absorption of essential food matter takes place in the:
small intestine
Which of the following structures is normally located most anteriorly?
transverse colon
Ileus means intestinal ______________
obstruction
The enema tip should be inserted on ________ due to better abdominal muscle relaxation
expiration
What consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, cecum, rectum, and anal canal?
large intestine
Which of the following positions is the best routine for a small bowel follow through radiograph?
prone abdomens
What connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?
mesentary
What connects the transverse colon to the greater curvature of the stomach.
greater omentum
The intubation method – single contrast media study uses a tube to aid in the injection of the contrast media. What kind of tube is used (for non thereputic, just diagnostic reasons) and where is it inserted?
nasogastric tube, through the nose
Which of the following is the most important patient prerequisite for a barium enema?
cleaned out large bowel
Timing for any small bowel series begins when the patient first:
ingests the barium
The “Butterfly” position refers to any position with:
the tube angled and the central ray to the rectosigmoid
What kind of ileus results from some blockage of the small intestine such as a blockage caused by adhesions, strictures, or hernias?
mechanical ileus
Congenital Megacolon is also referred to as:
Hirschsprung’s
A substance that produces frequent, soft or liquid bowel movements is termed: pick those that apply
- diarrhea
- purgative
- analgesic
- cathartic
cathartic
purgative
Castor oil would be an example of what kind of cathartic?
irritant
A double contrast barium enema requires ______ barium than the single contrast enema study.
thicker
According to Bontrager, defecography is most commonly performed on this type of patient
children
The general duties of a radiographer during barium enema fluoroscopy may include all of the following except:
- assist the patient as needed
- all of the above are general duties
- change spot films
- carry on a sustained conversation with the radiologist
- control the flow of’ barium and/or air
carry on a sustained conversation with the radiologist
Clinical indications for a barium enema study would include all of the following except:
- volvulus
- colitis
- all of the these are clinical indications for a BE
- appendicitis
- diverticulosis
appendicitis
This position best demonstrates the medial side of the ascending and the lateral side of the descending colon when inflated with air in a double contrast study:
right lateral decubitus abdomen
This position best demonstrates the lateral side of the ascending and the medial side of the descending colon when inflated with air in a double contrast study:
left lateral decubitus abdomen
When performing the double contrast barium enema, this is always the first contrast agent introduced into the patient’s body:
barium
A functional study of the anus and rectum during the process of evacuation is called a:
defecogram
Which of the following clinical indications does not apply to a small bowel series?
- malabsorption syndrome
- colitis
- two of the above
- enteritis
- appendicitis
two of the above
Picture this: The patient is lying on their left side, and you have the enema tube “open” and in the bag in the trash. What would happen?
the barium would flow down the tube and into the bag
Which of the following positions would afford the best visualization of the colic flexures during a barium enema exam?
RAO and RPO
Which of the following barium-filled anatomic structures is best demonstrated in the RPO position
splenic flexure
The majority of the pelvic organs are found in the
infraperitoneal space
What is the main controller of spatial resolution in production? no caps or punctuation.
focal spot
What is the main controller of subject contrast in post -production CR/DR? no caps or punctuation
lut
What factor is directly responsible for receptor exposure?
mAs
