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Positioning 1 > Ch. 13 Test > Flashcards

Ch. 13 Test Flashcards

1
Q

The longitudinal muscle fibers of the large bowel form three bands of muscle which tend to pull the large intestine into pouches. Each of these pouches is termed a:

A

haustrum

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2
Q

The cecum lies in the what quadrant?

A

RLQ

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3
Q

The surgical resection of two portions of the large intestine after a section is removed is termed what?
colitis
clysodrast
colostomy
none of the above
stoma

A

none of the above

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4
Q

What is the shortest, widest, and most fixed portion of the small bowel?

A

duodenum

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5
Q

The terminal ileum joins the cecum at the this point:

A

ileocecal valve

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6
Q

The right colic flexure of the colon is also referred to as what flexture?

A

hepatic

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7
Q

The large intestine averages how many feet?

A

5

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8
Q

The term used to describe a new growth that may be either benign or malignant is called:

A

neoplasm

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9
Q

What kind of flow is reflux defined as?

A

backward

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10
Q

What is the name of’ the S-shaped portion of the colon that lies proximal to the rectum?

A

sigmoid

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11
Q

A twisting of the bowel upon itself, resulting in partial or complete obstruction, is termed:

A

volvulus

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12
Q

In order from proximal to distal, the three divisions of the small intestine

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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13
Q

Inflammation of the vermiform process is termed:

A

appendicitis

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14
Q

In an RAO position for a BE, (assume the parts of the colon were all fit on one film ) the: pick those that apply
- left ala is forshortened
- left colic flexure is seen in profile without superimposition
- right ala is elongated
- CR is 2 inches above iliac crest
- right colic flexure is seen in profile without superimposition
-right ala is forshortened
- the rectal ampula and end of alimentary canal is included on image
- left ala is elongated

A

4-8 selected

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15
Q

A small bowel series is usually concluded when barium:
- none of the above
- passes out of the patient
- passes through the ileosigmoid valve
- passes through the duodenal bulb
- causes the patient to pass out

A

none of the above

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16
Q

The type of’ obstruction which results when the bowel does not propel its contents forward properly is called:

A

paralytic and adynamic ileus

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17
Q

A telescoping of one part of the bowel into the next part is termed:

A

intussusception

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18
Q

Which of the projections below best demonstrates the sigmoid and rectum?

A

AP axial (butterfly)

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19
Q

The central ray placement and degree of angulation for an inlet projection is what?
- midpoint of the ASIS, 40 degrees cephalic
- midpoint of the pubic symphysis,40 degree caudal
- none of the above
- 1 inch below the midpoint of the ASIS, 40 degree cephalic
- midpoint of the ASIS, 30 degree caudal
- none of the above

A

none of the above

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20
Q

Which of the projections below would best demonstrate the splenic flexure without superimposition?

A

RPO

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21
Q

A double contrast barium enema will best demonstrate:

A

neoplasm

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22
Q

The portion of the small intestine that possesses a relatively smooth and narrow internal structure is:

A

ileum

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23
Q

A lateral decub rectum is most often taken with the patient in what position?

A

ventral decubitus

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24
Q

The small intestine is responsible for several functions. What are they?

digestion
absorption
defecation
making flatus
reabsorption
convert proteins to amino acid
- 3, 4, and 6
- 1,2, and 3
- 2,4, and 5
- 1, 4, and 6
- none of the above

A

none of the above

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25
Q

In what position does air rise to the transverse & sigmoid colon and the distal stomach?

A

supine

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26
Q

When radiographing a hypersthenic patient for a PA projection of the colon, it may be necessary to

A

use two overlapping 14x17 cw cassettes

27
Q

The patient is in a left lateral recumbent position, leaning well forward, with the right leg drawn up, and left leg partially bent. This is the _______ position.

A

sims

28
Q

A double contrast study of the small bowel in which contrast media is injected through a special catheter placed in the region of the duodenojejunal junction is called a:

A

enteroclysis

29
Q

In order to take a Rt lateral decubitus xray, you are required to have this marker on the film

A

left marker

30
Q

As the patient is evacuating the barium, the barium flows through the ________ right after the hepatic flexure.

A

transverse colon

31
Q

Barium sulfate usually reaches the ileocecal valve in:

A

2-3 hours

32
Q

Most digestion and absorption of essential food matter takes place in the:

A

small intestine

33
Q

Which of the following structures is normally located most anteriorly?

A

transverse colon

34
Q

Ileus means intestinal ______________

A

obstruction

35
Q

The enema tip should be inserted on ________ due to better abdominal muscle relaxation

A

expiration

36
Q

What consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, cecum, rectum, and anal canal?

A

large intestine

37
Q

Which of the following positions is the best routine for a small bowel follow through radiograph?

A

prone abdomens

38
Q

What connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

mesentary

39
Q

What connects the transverse colon to the greater curvature of the stomach.

A

greater omentum

40
Q

The intubation method – single contrast media study uses a tube to aid in the injection of the contrast media. What kind of tube is used (for non thereputic, just diagnostic reasons) and where is it inserted?

A

nasogastric tube, through the nose

41
Q

Which of the following is the most important patient prerequisite for a barium enema?

A

cleaned out large bowel

42
Q

Timing for any small bowel series begins when the patient first:

A

ingests the barium

43
Q

The “Butterfly” position refers to any position with:

A

the tube angled and the central ray to the rectosigmoid

44
Q

What kind of ileus results from some blockage of the small intestine such as a blockage caused by adhesions, strictures, or hernias?

A

mechanical ileus

45
Q

Congenital Megacolon is also referred to as:

A

Hirschsprung’s

46
Q

A substance that produces frequent, soft or liquid bowel movements is termed: pick those that apply
- diarrhea
- purgative
- analgesic
- cathartic

A

cathartic
purgative

47
Q

Castor oil would be an example of what kind of cathartic?

A

irritant

48
Q

A double contrast barium enema requires ______ barium than the single contrast enema study.

A

thicker

49
Q

According to Bontrager, defecography is most commonly performed on this type of patient

A

children

50
Q

The general duties of a radiographer during barium enema fluoroscopy may include all of the following except:
- assist the patient as needed
- all of the above are general duties
- change spot films
- carry on a sustained conversation with the radiologist
- control the flow of’ barium and/or air

A

carry on a sustained conversation with the radiologist

51
Q

Clinical indications for a barium enema study would include all of the following except:
- volvulus
- colitis
- all of the these are clinical indications for a BE
- appendicitis
- diverticulosis

A

appendicitis

52
Q

This position best demonstrates the medial side of the ascending and the lateral side of the descending colon when inflated with air in a double contrast study:

A

right lateral decubitus abdomen

53
Q

This position best demonstrates the lateral side of the ascending and the medial side of the descending colon when inflated with air in a double contrast study:

A

left lateral decubitus abdomen

54
Q

When performing the double contrast barium enema, this is always the first contrast agent introduced into the patient’s body:

A

barium

55
Q

A functional study of the anus and rectum during the process of evacuation is called a:

A

defecogram

56
Q

Which of the following clinical indications does not apply to a small bowel series?
- malabsorption syndrome
- colitis
- two of the above
- enteritis
- appendicitis

A

two of the above

57
Q

Picture this: The patient is lying on their left side, and you have the enema tube “open” and in the bag in the trash. What would happen?

A

the barium would flow down the tube and into the bag

58
Q

Which of the following positions would afford the best visualization of the colic flexures during a barium enema exam?

A

RAO and RPO

59
Q

Which of the following barium-filled anatomic structures is best demonstrated in the RPO position

A

splenic flexure

60
Q

The majority of the pelvic organs are found in the

A

infraperitoneal space

61
Q

What is the main controller of spatial resolution in production? no caps or punctuation.

A

focal spot

62
Q

What is the main controller of subject contrast in post -production CR/DR? no caps or punctuation

A

lut

63
Q

What factor is directly responsible for receptor exposure?

A

mAs

Positioning 1 (53 decks)

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