Ch. 3 Abdomen - Pathology

Question 1

the twisting of a loop of intestine, which creates an obstruction

Answer 1

volvulus

Question 2

chronic disease involving inflammation of the colon that occurs primarily in young adults and most frequently involves the rectosigmoid region

Answer 2

ulcerative colitis

Question 3

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 3

ascites

Question 4

complete or nearly complete blockage of the flow of intestinal contents

Answer 4

dynamic/mechanical bowel obstruction

Question 5

chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall that results in bowel obstruction in at least half of affected patients

Answer 5

Crohn’s disease
(regional enteritis)

Question 6

the telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop, which creates an obstruction

Answer 6

intussusception

Question 7

free air or gas in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 7

pneumoperitoneum

Question 8

two most common sites of intestinal involvement of Crohn’s disease

Answer 8

terminal ileum and proximal colon

Question 9

most common site involved in ulcerative colitis

Answer 9

rectosigmoid region

Question 10

ileus most frequently caused by peritonitis

Answer 10

adynamic ileus

Question 11

characterized by loops of small intestine joined by fistulas or connected openings with adjacent loops of intestine

Answer 11

Crohn’s disease

Question 12

extreme dilation of segment of colon

Answer 12

toxic megacolon

Question 13

nonmechanical bowel obstruction which can be either adynamic or paralytic; inability of the intestine to contract normally and move waste

Answer 13

ileus

Question 14

where is intussusception most common and in who

Answer 14

distal small intestine (termina ileum) and more common in children

Question 15

ileus caused by lack of intestinal motility

Answer 15

paralytic (paralysis) ileus

Question 16

intussusception requires treatment within 48 hours to prevent what

Answer 16

necrosis (tissue death)

Question 17

most common cause of mechanically based obstruction in which a fibrous band of tissue interrelates with the intestine creating a blockage

Answer 17

fibrous adhesions