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Positioning 1 > Ch. 11 Skull > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Skull Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal bone is divided into these two parts

A
  • squamous / vertical portion
  • orbital / horizontal portion
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2
Q

Smooth raised prominence between the eyebrows above the bridge of the nose

A

Glabella

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3
Q

Slight depression above each eyebrow

A

Supraorbital groove (SOG)

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4
Q

Directly below each eyebrow

A

Superciliary arch

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5
Q

This is the superior rim of each orbit

A

Supraorbital margin (SOM)

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6
Q

Small foramen in the SOM which allow an artery and a nerve to pass through

A

Supraorbital notch

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7
Q

Large prominences of the squamous portion of the frontal bone

A

Frontal tuberosity (eminence)

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8
Q

The orbital or horizontal portion of the frontal bone can be best viewed how

A

Inferior aspect

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9
Q

Forms the superior part of the orbit

A

Orbital plate

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10
Q

What lies below the orbital plate

A

Facial bones

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11
Q

What is above the orbital plate

A

Anterior part of the floor of the brain case

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12
Q

Each orbital plate is separated by this

A

Ethmoidal notch

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13
Q

Make up the lateral walls and the roof to the cranium

A

Parietal bones

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14
Q

Make the widest portion of the skull

A

Parietal tubercles (eminences)

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15
Q

Inferoposterior portion of the calvarium

A

Occipital bone

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16
Q

External surface of the occipital bone which is rounded

A

Squamous portion

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17
Q

The squamous portion of the occipital bone is superior to this

A

Occipital protuberance

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18
Q

Prominent skull landmark on the occipital bone

A

Occipital protuberance (inion)

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19
Q

Inferior to the inion

A

Foramen magnum

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20
Q

Two part articulation between the skull and the cervical spine

A

Occipito-atlantal joint

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21
Q

What are the 3 primary parts of the temporal bone

A
  • squamous
  • mastoid
  • petrous
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22
Q

Complex structures that house the delicate organs of hearing and balance

A

Temporal bones

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23
Q

Extends anteriorly from the squamous portion of the temporal bone

A

Zygomatic process (arch)

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24
Q

Thin part, forms the wall of the skull, very vulnerable to fracture

A

Squamous portion of temporal bone

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25
Q

Posterior to the EAM, has a prominent mastoid tip which is palpable

A

Mastoid portion of temporal bone

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26
Q

Thickest most dense bone in the cranium

A

Petrous portion of temporal bone

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27
Q

Level of the petrous pyramids are at the level of this

A

TEA - top of ear attachment

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28
Q

Forms the anchor for all 8 cranial bones

A

Sphenoid bone

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29
Q

Central depression of the body of the sphenoid bone

A

Sella turcica

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30
Q

The sella turcica partially surrounds and protects this

A

Pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri)

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31
Q

Back of the saddle

A

Dorsum sellae

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32
Q

This area forms the base of support for the pond portion of the brain and the basilar artery

A

Clivus

33
Q

Lesser wings end medically and forms this which extend into the middle of each orbit

A

Anterior clinoid process

34
Q

Between the lesser wings and the anterior bodies are groove like canals which begin this

A

Optic groove

35
Q

Optic groove extends to the optic canal and ends at this

A

Optic foramen

36
Q

Optic foramen are seen on what view of the orbits

A

PA obliques

37
Q

Extend from the sides of the body and form a portion of the floor of the cranium

A

Greater wings

38
Q

The 3 pairs of foramen located on the greater wings from front to back are what

A
  • foramen rotundum
  • foramen ovale
  • foramen spinosum
39
Q

Lies mostly beneath the floor of the cranium

A

Ethmoid bone

40
Q

The ethmoid bone sits in this of the frontal bone

A

Ethmoidal notch

41
Q

Small horizontal portion of bone, contains many small openings for olfactory nerves

A

Cribriform plate

42
Q

Small projection from the cribriform plate similar to a roosters comb

A

Crista galli

43
Q

Projecting downward in the midline of the ethmoid, helps form the nasal septum

A

Perpendicular plate

44
Q

Suspended from the under surface of the cribriform plate

A

2 lateral labyrinths (masses)

45
Q

The lateral labyrinths contain this to help form the medial orbital walls and the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid air cells (sinuses)

46
Q

Projections of bone which extend from each labyrinth, scroll shaped

A

Superior and middle nasal conchae or turbinates

47
Q

Separates frontal from two parietals

A

Coronal suture

48
Q

Articulations or joints of the cranium

A

Sutures

49
Q

Separates two parietal from midline

A

Sagittal suture

50
Q

Separates two parietals from occipital bone

A

Lambdoidal suture

51
Q

Inferior junction of each parietal bone with their respective temporal bone

A

Squamosal suture

52
Q

Anterior end of the sagittal suture

A

Bregma

53
Q

Posterior end of the sagittal suture

A

Lambda

54
Q

The points at the junctions between the sphenoid, temporal, and parietals

A

Pterions

55
Q

Posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

A

Asterions

56
Q

Channels sound waves to the EAM

A

Auricle (pinna)

57
Q

Tubelike opening that ends at the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

A

external auditory meatus (EAM)

58
Q

Actually tubelike portion of EAM

A

Acoustic canal

59
Q

Contains air, located between the eardrum and the inner ear

A

Middle ear

60
Q

The middle ear contains 3 small bones called

A

Auditory ossicles

61
Q

Transmit sound vibrations from eardrum to the oval window of the internal ear

A

Auditory ossicles

62
Q

Slightly anterior of the others and the most lateral auditory ossicle

A

Malleus (hammer)

63
Q

Located in the middle of the malleus and stapes, looks like an anvil or tooth

A

Incus

64
Q

Most medial of the 3 auditory ossicles, connects to the oval window of the cochlea

A

Stapes

65
Q

Superior portion of the tympanic cavity

A

Epitympanic attic (recess)

66
Q

Large cavity opposite the eardrum

A

Tympanic cavity proper

67
Q

The tympanic cavity proper communicates with the nasopharynx by this

A

Eustachian tube

68
Q

Small tube about 4 cm long, equalizes pressure between the middle ear and outside pressure, ear infections often happen by way of this tube

A

Eustachian tube

69
Q

Attached to the drumcrest or spur which separates the EAM from the epitympanic recess

A

Tympanic membrane

70
Q

The second communication to the middle ear occurs posteriorly to what

A

Mastoid air cells

71
Q

Opening between the mastoid air cells (mastoid portion of temporal) and the epitympanic recess

A

Aditus

72
Q

Large chamber connecting the air cells, allows infection to cross from the middle ear to the mastoid area which in turn can cause an infection to the brain

A

Antrum

73
Q

Infection to the brain

A

Encephalitis

74
Q

Small bone separating the mastoid air cells from the brain

A

Tegmen tympani

75
Q

Contains both sensory apparatus for hearing and equilibrium

A

Internal ear

76
Q

Enclosed the ducts and sacs of the membranous labyrinth

A

Osseous bony labyrinth

77
Q

Houses a long tubelike duct of the membranous labyrinth, most anterior, has a round window at the base of it, related to the sense of hearing

A

Cochlea

78
Q

Central portion of the osseous labyrinth which contains the oval window

A

Vestibule

79
Q

Located posterior to the other inner ear structures and located at right angles to one another, relate to the sense of direction or equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals (superior, posterior and lateral)

Positioning 1 (53 decks)

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