Ch. 11 Skull Workbook Flashcards
total number of cranium bones
8
total number of facial bones
14
what are the 4 cranial bones that form the calvaria (skullcap)
- frontal
- right parietal
- left parietal
- occipital
what are the 4 cranial bones that form the floor of the cranium
- right temporal
- left temporal
- sphenoid
- ethmoid
the small horizontal plate of the ethmoid
cribriform plate
the vertical plate of the ethmoid bone forming the upper portion of the bony nasal septum
perpendicular plate
a structure found in the middle of the sphenoid bone that surrounds the pituitary gland
sella turcica
what is the posterior aspect of the sella turcica called
dorsum sellae
which structure of the sphenoid bone allows for the passage of the optic nerve and is the actual opening into the orbit
optic foramen
which structures of the sphenoid bone help to form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities
medial and lateral pterygoid processes
which radiographic projection best demonstrates the sella turcica and dorsum sellae
lateral projection
which aspect of the frontal bone forms the superior aspect of the orbit
orbital or horizontal portion
cranial sutures are classified as what type of joints
fibrous - synarthrodial
small, irregular bones that sometimes develop in adult skull sutures
sutural or wormian bones
where are sutural/wormian bones most often found
lambdoidal suture
what term describes the superior rim of the orbit
supraorbital margin (SOM)
what is the name of the notch that separates the orbital plates from each other
ethmoidal notch
which cranial bones form the upper lateral walls of the calvarium
right and left parietals
which cranial bone contains the foramen magnum
occipital bone
a small prominence located on the squamous portion of the occipital bone
external occipital protuberance, or inion
what is the name of the oval processes found on the occipital bone that help form the atlanto-occipital joint
occipital condyles or lateral condylar portions
what are the 3 aspects of the temporal bones
- squamous
- mastoid
- petrous
which is the densest aspect of the temporal bone
petrous portion
which external landmark corresponds with the level of the petrous ridge
top of the ear attachment (TEA)
which opening in the temporal bone serves as a passageway for nerves of hearing and equilibrium
internal acoustic meatus
what are the 3 aspects of the temporal bone
- squamous
- mastoid
- petrous
which aspect of the temporal bone is considered the densest
petrous portion
which structure makes up the cartilaginous external ear
auricle or pinna
how long is the average external acoustic meatus (EAM)
1” (2.5 cm)
which small membrane marks the beginning of the middle ear
tympanic membrane (eardrum)
what is the collective term for the small bones of the middle ear
auditory ossicles
which structure allows for communication between the nasopharynx and middle ear
eustachian or auditory tube
what is the major function of the eustachian/auditory tube
equalize the atmospheric pressure within the middle ear
which structure serves as an opening between the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and the middle ear
aditus
what is the name of the thin plate of bone that separates the mastoid air cells from the brain
tegmen tympani
which of the auditory ossicles picks up sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane
malleus (hammer)
which of the auditory ossicles is considered the smallest
stapes (stirrup)
which of the auditory ossicles resembles a premolar tooth
incus (anvil)
what is the name of the small membrane that connects the middle to the inner ear
oval or vestibular window
which two sensory functions occur within the inner ear
- hearing
- equilibrium
what is the name of the small membrane found at the base of the cochlea
round or cochlear window
T/F - the semicircular canals include a closed system specific to the sense of hearing
false
bacterial infection of the mastoid process
mastoiditis
growth arising from a mucous membrane
polyp
hereditary disease involving excessive bone formation of middle ear
otosclerosis
benign, cystic mass or tumor of the middle ear
cholesteatoma
new and abnormal growth
neoplasia
benign tumor of the auditory nerve sheath
acoustic neuroma
radiographic appearance of acoustic neuroma
expansion of the internal acoustic canal