Ch. 11 Skull Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

disruptions in the continuity of bones of the skull

A

skull fractures

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2
Q

fractures of the skull that may appear as jagged or irregular lucent lines that lie at right angles to the axis of the bone

A

linear fractures

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3
Q

a fragment of bone that is separated and depressed into the cranial cavity can occur

A

depresses (ping-pong) fracture

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4
Q

fractures through the dense inner structures of the temporal bone. these are very difficult to visualize

A

basal skull fractures

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5
Q

new and abnormal growth

A

neoplasm

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6
Q

primary malignant neoplasms that spread to distant sites via blood and the lymphatic system

A

metastases

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7
Q

destructive lesions with irregular margins

A

osteolytic

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8
Q

proliferative bony lesions of increased density (brightness)

A

osteoblastic

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9
Q

“moth-eaten” appearance of bone

A

combination of osteolytic and osteoblastic

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10
Q

condition in which one or more bone tumors originate in the bone marrow

A

multiple myeloma

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11
Q

investigated primarily by CT and MRI radiographically may demonstrate enlargement of the sella turcica and erosion of the dorsum sellae, often as an incidental finding

A

pituitary adenomas

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12
Q

disease of unknown origin that begins as a stage of bony destruction followed by bony repair. lucency resembles destructive stage adn “cotton-wool” resembles reparative stage

A

paget disease (osteitis deformans)

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13
Q

bacterial infection of the mastoid process that can destroy the inner part of the mastoid process, often results from middle ear infections, mastoid air cells are replaced with a fluid-filled abscess, which can lead to progressive hearing loss

A

acute mastoiditis

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14
Q

a benign, usually slow-growing tumor of the auditory nerve sheath that originates in the internal auditory canal. symptoms include hearing loss, dizziness, and loss of balance

A

acoustic neuroma

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15
Q

benign, cystic mass or tumor that is most common in the middle ear. occurs due to a congenital defect or chronic otitis media. may destroy surrounding bone, which can lead to serious complications, including hearing loss

A

cholesteatoma

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16
Q

growth that arises from a mucous membrane and projects into a cavity (sinus) may cause chronic sinusitis

A

polyp

17
Q

hereditary disease that involves irregular ossification of the auditory ossicles of the middle ear. one common finding is fixation of the stapes to the oval window (eardrum) this leads to impediment of sound transmission, most common cause of hearing loss in adults without eardrum damage

A

otosclerosis