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Positioning 1 > Ch. 11 Mandible, TMJ, and Sinuses > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Mandible, TMJ, and Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

how much skull rotation (from the lateral skull position) toward the IR is required with an axiolateral oblique projection for demonstrating the mentum region

A

45 degrees

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2
Q

how much skull rotation (from the lateral skull position) toward the IR is required with an axiolateral oblique projection for demonstrating a general survey of the mandible

A

10-15 degrees

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3
Q

specifically, where are the frontal sinuses located

A

between the inner and outer tables of the skull, posterior to the glabella

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4
Q

if the area of interest is the temporomandibular fossae, what should the angle of the CR to the oml be for the AP axial (modified towne) projection to reduce superimposition of the temporomandibular fossae and mastoid portions of the temporal bone

A

40 degrees caudal

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5
Q

aligning what plane to the IR prevents rotation of either a PA or an AP axial mandible

A

msp

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6
Q

to avoid angling the CR for the erect PA (axial) caldwell sinus projection, the head should be adjusted so that the oml is how many degrees from horizontal

A

15 degrees

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7
Q

what device provides inherent collimation during an orthopantomographic procedure

A

narrow, vertical slit diaphragm

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8
Q

the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ is commonly referred to as what

A

modified law

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9
Q

what specific positioning error has been committed if both sides of the mandible are superimposed with an axiolateral oblique projection

A

insufficient cephalic CT angle or skull tilt

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10
Q

the frontal sinuses rarely become aerated before what age

A

6 years

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11
Q

T/F - for a true PA projection of the mandibular body (if this is the area of interest) the AML should be perp to the IR

A

true

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12
Q

where should the CR exit for a PA axial projection of the mandible

A

acanthion (at lips for PA projection)

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13
Q

what must be done to prevent the ramus of the mandible from being superimposed over the c-spine with an axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible

A

extend the chin

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14
Q

which specific aspect of the ethmoid bone contains the ethmoid sinuses

A

lateral masses of labyrinth

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15
Q

which cranial line is placed parallel to the floor for orthopantomography of the mandible

A

IOML

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16
Q

where are the petrous ridges on a well-positioned parietoacanthial projection

A

just below the maxillary sinuses

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17
Q

to demonstrate any possible air or fluid levels within the paranasal sinuses, it is important to do these two things

A
  • perform positions erect
  • use a horizontal beam
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18
Q

the oml forms what degree angle with the IR in the parieto-acantial (waters)

A

37 degrees

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19
Q

if the patient cannot stand for the lateral projection of the paranasal sinuses, the projection should be taken how

A

horizontal beam

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20
Q

T/F - MRI is the preferred modality to study soft tissue changes and masses within the paranasal sinuses

A

true

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21
Q

what is the older term for the maxillary sinuses

A

antrum/antrum of highmore

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22
Q

T/F - most CT studies of the paranasal sinuses do not require the use of contrast media

A

true

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23
Q

which paranasal sinuses are demonstrated with an smv projection of the paranasal sinuses

A

sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary

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24
Q

T/F - the modified law method provides a bilateral and functional study of the TMJ

A

true

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25
Q

the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ requires how much head rotation from lateral

A

15 degrees

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26
Q

what is the drainage pathway for the paranasal sinuses called

A

osteomeatal complex

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27
Q

which paranasal sinuses are projected through the oral cavity with the PA axial transoral projection

A

sphenoid sinuses

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28
Q

what is the name of the passageway between the maxillary sinuses and the middle nasal meatus

A

infundibulum

29
Q

how much skull rotation (from the lateral skull position) toward the IR is required with an axiolateral oblique projection for demonstrating the body of the mandible

A

30 degrees

30
Q

a patient comes to the radiology department to rule out a possible polyp within the sphenoid sinus. what routine and/or special projection provides the best overall assessment of the paranasal sinuses for this patient

A

PA transoral projection in addition to routine 4

31
Q

what CR angle is required for the AP axial projection of the mandible if the ioml is perp to the IR

A

42 degree caudal

32
Q

what CR angle is required for the AP axial projection of the mandible if the oml is perp to the IR

A

35 degrees caudal

33
Q

what is the max CR angle needed for all of the axiolateral oblique projections

A

25 degrees cephalic

34
Q

a radiograph of a PA (Caldwell) projection for paranasal sinuses shows the petrous ridges are projected into the lower half of the orbits and are obscuring the ethmoid sinuses. the tech used a horizontal beam for the projection. the skull was positioned to place oml at a 15 degree angle from horizontal. what positioning modification is needed

A

head and neck to be extended more to project petrous ridges below ethmoid

35
Q

where is the CR centered for an AP axial projection of the mandible

A

1” superior to glabella

36
Q

which paranasal sinuses are best demonstrated with a PA (caldwell) projection

A

frontal and anterior ethmoid

37
Q

T/F - secondary osteomyelitis is often caused by tumor invasion

A

false

38
Q

which projection shows an inferosuperior view of sphenoid and ethmoid sinus

A

smv for sinuses

39
Q

which single projection for a paranasal sinus routine provides an image of all 4 sinus groups

A

lateral

40
Q

list the 4 most commonly performed routine projections for paranasal sinuses

A
  • lateral
  • PA caldwell
  • parietoacanthial (waters)
  • smv
41
Q

which projection of the mandible projects opposite half of the mandible away from the side of interst

A

axiolateral oblique

42
Q

which imaging system provides a single, frontal perspective of the entire mandible

A

orthopantomography (panoramic tomography)

43
Q

the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ requires what CR angle

A

15 degree caudal

44
Q

which group of paranasal sinuses is best demonstrated with a parietoacanthial (waters) projection

A

maxillary sinuses

45
Q

a radiograph of a PA transoral projection shows the sphenoid sinus is superimposed over the upper teeth and the nasal cavity. how must the position be modified to avoid this problem during repeat

A

increase extension of head and neck to project entire sphenoid sinus through oral cavity

46
Q

which projection of the mandible demonstrates the entire mandible, including the coronoid and condyloid processes

A

smv

47
Q

which projection shows all 4 paranasal sinuses demonstrated

A

lateral

48
Q

which sinus is projected through the open mouth with a PA axial transoral projection

A

sphenoid sinus

49
Q

what position is most often use when performing a CT study of the sinuses

A

prone

50
Q

a radiograph of an axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible shows the body of the mandible is severely foreshortened. the body of the mandible is the area of interest, what positioning error led to this outcome

A

insufficient rotation of the skull toward the IR, skull should be rotated 30 degrees from lateral position

51
Q

where should the CR exit for both the PA parietoacanthial and PA transoral projections

A

level of acanthion

52
Q

how much skull rotation (from the lateral skull position) toward the IR is required with an axiolateral oblique for demonstrating the ramus region

A

0 degres - true lateral

53
Q

which cranial positioning line is placed perp to the IR for a PA or PA axial projection of the mandible

A

oml

54
Q

which projection shows the best view of maxillary sinuses

A

parietoacanthial

55
Q

the axiolateral (schuller) projection for the tmj requires a CR angle of what

A

25-30 degrees caudal

56
Q

which positioning line is placed perp to the IR for a parietoacanthial projection

A

mml

57
Q

which projection/method of the tmj requires that the skull be kept in a true lateral position

A

schuller

58
Q

what type of IR must be used with digital orthopantomography

A

digital detector/psp plate

59
Q

what kVp range should be used for paranasal sinus radiography

A

75-85

60
Q

T/F - ultrasound exams of the maxillary sinuses to rule out sinusitis are possible

A

true

61
Q

which projection shows the sphenoid sinus in oral cavity

A

PA transoral

62
Q

what is the one major difference in positioning between parietoacanthial and PA axial transoral projections

A

mouth is open with transoral

63
Q

T/F - the mandibular condyles move anteriorly as the mouth is opened

A

true

64
Q

which projection shows the best view of frontal and ethmoid sinuses

A

PA axial caldwell

65
Q

an infection of the teeth may travel upward and involve what sinus

A

maxillary

66
Q

T/F - the PA axial projection of the mandible produces an elongated view of the condyloid processes

A

true

67
Q

T/F - the CR should be angled 20-25 degrees caudal for the PA axial projection of the mandible

A

false - cephalad

68
Q

which aspect of the mandible is best visualized with an AP axial projection

A

condyloid process

Positioning 1 (53 decks)

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